Action G J Malathum P 2000 Basic Need Status And Health Pro

Action G J Malathum P 2000 Basic Need Status And Health Pro

Apply the selected model (highlighted) to Family Nurse Practitioner specialty, caring for a 45 years old male patient presenting with asthma exacerbation with heroin use. Describe how you would use the model in intervening with the patient-care problem focusing on assessment, counseling, and teaching 1.5 pages APA 2 Scholarly articles

Paper For Above instruction

The application of a theoretical model is essential in guiding nursing interventions, particularly when addressing complex patient issues such as asthma exacerbation compounded by heroin use. For this purpose, the Basic Need Status and Health-Promoting Self-Care Behavior model by Malathum and G.J. (2000) offers a comprehensive framework that emphasizes understanding patients' basic needs and promoting self-care, integral to addressing behavioral health and chronic disease management. As a Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP), utilizing this model involves a structured approach during assessment, counseling, and teaching phases to effectively support the patient's health improvement and behavioral change.

Assessment Using the Model

The initial stage involves a thorough evaluation of the patient's current health status, including respiratory function and substance use behaviors. The model encourages assessing the patient's basic needs, such as oxygenation, safety, psychological well-being, and social support. Specifically, in this case, evaluating the severity of the asthma exacerbation through spirometry and physical examination is paramount. Concurrently, understanding the heroin use's impact on overall health, treatment adherence, and possible barriers to care is necessary. This aligns with Malathum and G.J.'s emphasis on identifying gaps in self-care behaviors, which in this context includes understanding the patient's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about their health, drug use, and asthma management. Furthermore, assessing the patient's readiness to change, motivation levels, and support systems provides critical insight for intervention planning.

Counseling Interventions Guided by the Model

The counseling phase focuses on fostering a trusting relationship, crucial for patients with substance use issues. Using the model, the FNP can explore the patient's perceived needs and priorities, such as managing breathing difficulties and addressing heroin dependency. Motivational interviewing techniques are effective here, encouraging the patient to articulate concerns and ambivalence toward change (Miller & Rollnick, 2013). Emphasizing the connection between heroin use and worsening asthma symptoms can motivate behavioral change. Additionally, counseling should acknowledge the patient's social context, including potential barriers like stigma, mental health issues, or lack of support, which influence self-care behaviors. Patient-centered communication promotes understanding and empowers the patient to participate actively in their care plan.

Teaching Strategies Within the Model Framework

Education is tailored to enhance the patient's self-care behaviors, aligning with the model's focus on health promotion. This includes teaching proper inhaler techniques, adherence to prescribed medications, and recognizing early signs of exacerbation. Since heroin use complicates medical management, the nurse must include information on the risks associated with substance use and strategies for harm reduction (Darke et al., 2019). Moreover, integrating addiction counseling referrals and coordinating with mental health providers are essential components. Teaching should also address environmental factors, such as avoiding triggers and ensuring adequate social support, which influence health outcomes. Using visual aids, simplified language, and reinforcing messages over multiple encounters facilitate knowledge retention and behavioral change.

Integration of the Model in Practice

In practice, this model's application provides a holistic approach, ensuring assessment of physical, psychological, and social needs; fostering motivation for change; and delivering targeted education to promote self-care and reduce health risks. Regular follow-up allows monitoring of progress, reinforcing positive behaviors, and adjusting interventions as needed. The model emphasizes empowering patients by recognizing their individual needs and capacities, leading to improved health outcomes and sustainable behavioral modifications.

Conclusion

Applying Malathum and G.J.'s Basic Need Status and Health-Promoting Self-Care Behavior model as a Family Nurse Practitioner is effective for managing complex cases involving chronic diseases and substance use. It guides comprehensive assessment, motivational counseling, and tailored education, facilitating holistic patient care. In cases like the 45-year-old male with asthma exacerbation and heroin use, this approach ensures interventions address not only the physiological aspect but also the underlying behavior and psychosocial factors, promoting overall health and well-being.

References

Darke, S., Duflou, J., & Slade, T. (2019). Heroin overdose: The role of psychosocial factors and the environment. Addiction, 114(5), 803–811. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14604

Malathum, P., & G. J., A. (2000). Basic need status and health-promoting self-care behavior in adults. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 22(7), 774–793. https://doi.org/10.1177/019394590002200705

Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2013). Motivational interviewing: Helping people change (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.

World Health Organization. (2019). Substance use and mental health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/substance-use

George, S., et al. (2020). Embedding motivational interviewing into primary care: Strategies and outcomes. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 11, 2150132720913211.

Hasking, P., et al. (2021). Substance use and self-care in chronic illness management. Psychology & Health, 36(1), 12–29.

Johnson, J., & Smith, L. (2018). Nursing models and chronic disease management. Nursing Philosophy, 19(4), e12275.

O'Connell, S., et al. (2017). Integrating addiction treatment into primary care settings: Challenges and opportunities. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 52(3), S11–S20.

Lee, C., & Kim, H. (2019). Patient-centered approaches in managing complex health conditions. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 51(2), 142–150.