Addressing US American Indians, Native Americans, Alaska Nat

Addressing US American Indians Native Americansalaska Natives And

Addressing U.S. American Indians (Native Americans)/Alaska Natives and Diabetes The mortality rate for American Indians, which includes Alaska Natives (Native Americans), has increased primarily because of the effects of type 2 diabetes. The Indian Health Service has provided the Special Diabetes Program for Indians, resulting in increased spending for health care; however, the rate for age-adjusted deaths has increased as compared with white Americans. Infectious diseases are decreasing, while chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, are increasing in this population. Data collected were mainly from Navaho Indians living in the western part of the United States.

Other major health issues include obesity, cardiovascular diseases, smoking, and hypertension. Also discussed was the high rate of sedentary lifestyles as compared with much greater daily physical activities historically. Questions to be addressed in your paper: Create a culturally congruent plan for reduction of exceptionally high levels of type 2 diabetes among American Indians/Alaska Natives. As compared with whites, why do American Indians have higher levels of increased smoking, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles, which contribute to the type 2 diabetes rates? Why is the Indian Health Service an important part of health care that is historically “owed” to American Indians/Alaska Natives?

Paper For Above instruction

The alarming rise in type 2 diabetes among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) necessitates a comprehensive and culturally sensitive intervention strategy. Historically, this population has faced significant health disparities, with Eschewing Western-dominated healthcare models and instead promoting a culturally congruent approach is pivotal for effective mitigation. The development of a culturally competent plan involves integrating traditional practices, community engagement, and addressing socioeconomic determinants affecting health behaviors.

Cultural Context and Historical Background

Understanding the cultural context of AI/AN populations is essential. Many tribes possess rich traditions emphasizing physical activity, communal eating, and spiritual health, which have been disrupted by colonial policies, forced relocations, and systemic marginalization. This disruption has contributed to sedentary lifestyles, poor diet, and increased risk of obesity and diabetes (Bolin & Halmo, 2019). Historically, diets consisted of natural, unprocessed foods obtained through hunting, fishing, and gathering, which curbed the risk for metabolic syndrome. The transition to processed foods and sedentary activities has significantly impacted health outcomes.

Creating a Culturally Congruent Prevention Program

A successful program must respect and incorporate traditional practices. Community-led initiatives involving tribal elders and health leaders can serve as culturally relevant platforms for education and behavior change. For example, integrating traditional physical activities, such as dance, hunting, and fishing practices, into exercise programs can increase engagement and physical activity levels. Educational materials should reflect Indigenous languages, stories, and symbols, emphasizing the importance of healthy lifestyles rooted in cultural values.

Nutrition education should promote traditional foods, encouraging a return to natural, minimally processed diets. Community gardens cultivating traditional plants can be an effective strategy. Collaborations with local artisans can also promote traditional food preparation methods that are healthier than modern processed options.

Addressing Social Determinants and Health Disparities

Socioeconomic factors often limit access to healthy foods, safe spaces for physical activity, and quality healthcare. Addressing these requires policies that improve access to Affordable, culturally appropriate healthcare and support services such as transportation, housing, and education. Partnering with tribal organizations and federal agencies can help develop programs that reduce barriers and foster trust.

Addressing Higher Rates of Smoking, Obesity, and Sedentary Lifestyles

Compared to whites, AI/AN populations exhibit higher rates of smoking, obesity, and sedentary behavior—factors closely linked to increased diabetes risk. Cultural, socioeconomic, and historical factors play crucial roles in these disparities.

Smoking prevalence is higher in part due to targeted advertising, socioeconomic stress, and cultural acceptance in some tribes. Cessation programs tailored to Indigenous cultures, utilizing traditional narratives and community support, have shown promise (Rhoads et al., 2018). Similarly, disparities in obesity stem from factors such as food insecurity, reliance on inexpensive processed foods, and limited access to recreational facilities.

Sedentary lifestyles are often a consequence of historical disruptions to traditional physical activities, urbanization, and economic marginalization. Restoring traditional physical practices and creating community-based activity programs can counteract this trend (McKinnon et al., 2019).

The Role of the Indian Health Service (IHS)

The IHS plays a crucial role in delivering healthcare to AI/AN populations, emphasizing culturally appropriate services and community involvement. The program is “owed” as a treaty obligation, acknowledging the Federal government’s trust responsibility. IHS provides essential services such as preventive care, including diabetes management, health education, and screening programs. Its partnership with tribal health organizations ensures services are culturally sensitive, which increases trust and healthcare utilization among AI/AN communities.

Conclusion

Reducing the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes among AI/AN populations necessitates a culturally driven approach, emphasizing traditional practices, community engagement, and addressing socioeconomic determinants. Restoring cultural identity through health promotion can serve as a protective factor against chronic diseases. Additionally, strengthening the role of the Indian Health Service in providing culturally competent care is essential for sustainable health improvements.

References

Bolin, J. H., & Halmo, S. (2019). Chronic disease management in Native communities. Journal of Indigenous Health, 15(2), 101-112.

McKinnon, R., Murphy, E., & Tan, E. (2019). Restoring traditional physical activities for health in Indigenous populations. American Journal of Public Health, 109(4), 518-526.

Rhoads, S. E., Chavez, D., & Garcia, M. (2018). Culturally tailored smoking cessation programs for Native Americans. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 8, 100164.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2020). Indian Health Service: Annual Report. Washington, D.C.: IHS.

Bolin, J. H., & Halmo, S. (2019). Chronic disease management in Native communities. Journal of Indigenous Health, 15(2), 101-112.

Miller, P. M., & McNeill, L. H. (2021). Socioeconomic factors influencing obesity and diabetes among Indigenous populations. Public Health Reports, 136(3), 386-395.

Eschweiler, C., & Williams, J. (2020). Cultural resilience and health outcomes in American Indian communities. Journal of Community Health, 45(4), 734-744.

Schaffer, S. (2022). Addressing social determinants of health in tribal healthcare. Health Affairs, 41(6), 895-903.

Stevens, T., & John, D. (2019). Traditional foods and their role in diabetes prevention among AI/AN populations. Nutrition Journal, 18, 57.