Advanced Pharmacology Drug Table For Medical Conditions ✓ Solved

Advanced Pharmacology Drug Table NSG 6005 Medical Condition

Drug Table

GERD

Drug: Pantoprazole

Expected Drug Action: Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases stomach acid production, effectively treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It works by irreversibly blocking the hydrogen/potassium ATPase enzyme system in the gastric parietal cells. This reduction in acidity helps alleviate symptoms associated with GERD, such as heartburn and regurgitation.

Pregnancy Category: Category B

Dosing: Typical dosing for adults is 40 mg once daily for up to 8 weeks.

Adverse Drug Reactions: Potential adverse effects include headache, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain. Long-term use may also lead to vitamin B12 deficiency and increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection.

Drug Interactions: May interact with warfarin (increased anticoagulant effect) and atazanavir (decreased effectiveness).

Monitoring: Monitor for improvement in GERD symptoms and any signs of adverse reactions, particularly gastrointestinal issues.

Patient Education: Advise patients to take pantoprazole before meals for best absorption. Discuss potential side effects and the importance of adherence to dosing schedules.

Constipation

Drug: Colace (Docusate Sodium)

Expected Drug Action: Colace is a stool softener that facilitates the passage of stool in patients experiencing constipation. It works by increasing the amount of water absorbed into the stool, making it softer and easier to pass.

Pregnancy Category: Category C

Dosing: The usual adult dose is 50 to 500 mg daily in divided doses.

Adverse Drug Reactions: Common side effects include abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and throat irritation (if taken in liquid form).

Drug Interactions: Minimal interactions reported; however, absorption of some prescribed drugs may be affected if taken simultaneously.

Monitoring: Monitor patient’s bowel movement pattern and the occurrence of any side effects.

Patient Education: Encourage patients to stay well-hydrated and to engage in physical activity to facilitate bowel movements.

Motion Sickness

Drug: Scopolamine

Expected Drug Action: Scopolamine, an anticholinergic agent, prevents nausea and motion sickness by blocking acetylcholine in the brain. It works by acting on the vestibular system and the central nervous system to reduce the symptoms of nausea and vomiting associated with motion.

Pregnancy Category: Category C

Dosing: A transdermal patch is applied behind the ear at least 4 hours before activity, lasting up to 72 hours.

Adverse Drug Reactions: May cause dry mouth, drowsiness, blurred vision, and constipation. Rarely, it can cause confusion or agitation, especially in older adults.

Drug Interactions: Caution with other anticholinergic drugs as increased side effects may be observed.

Monitoring: Monitor the effectiveness of the patch and watch for unacceptable side effects in patients.

Patient Education: Instruct patients on the proper application of the patch and advise against driving or operating machinery if drowsiness occurs.

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Drug: Omeprazole

Expected Drug Action: Omeprazole is also a proton pump inhibitor that works similarly to pantoprazole by suppressing gastric acid secretion. It effectively heals erosive esophagitis and promoting ulcer healing due to its ability to reduce stomach acidity.

Pregnancy Category: Category C

Dosing: The common dosage for adults is 20 mg once daily for 4 to 8 weeks, depending on the severity.

Adverse Drug Reactions: Possible side effects include headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Chronic use may lead to risk of fractures and gastrointestinal infections.

Drug Interactions: Increased risk of side effects when combined with clopidogrel and certain antiretrovirals.

Monitoring: Evaluate for symptomatic relief and laboratory values for potential complications.

Patient Education: Instruct patients to take the medication before meals and not to crush or chew the capsules.

Helicobacter Pylori

Drug: Amoxicillin

Expected Drug Action: Amoxicillin is a penicillin-type antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell death. It is effective against Helicobacter pylori, which is often associated with peptic ulcer disease.

Pregnancy Category: Category B

Dosing: The typical dose for eradication of H. pylori is 1,000 mg every 12 hours for 14 days when used as part of combination therapy.

Adverse Drug Reactions: Side effects may include allergic reactions, gastrointestinal disturbances, and potential for antibiotic resistance if misused.

Drug Interactions: Probenecid may increase the levels of amoxicillin in the blood.

Monitoring: Ensure that patients complete the full course and monitor for any signs of ineffective treatment.

Patient Education: Instruct patients to take the medication exactly as prescribed and report any unusual symptoms, such as fever or rash.

References

  • Friedman, A. R. (2019). Pharmacology for the Prehospital Provider. Pearson.
  • Green, J., & McCulloch, K. (2020). Pharmacology and Therapeutics. British Journal of Nursing.
  • Gonzalez, J., & Hinkle, J. (2020). Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach. Elsevier.
  • Katzung, B. G. (2021). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Peterson, R. E. (2018). Advanced Pharmacology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Schwartz, J. (2019). Medications Throughout Pregnancy. American Family Physician.
  • Smith, T. R., & Getty, A. L. (2021). Essential Pharmacology: A Guide for Nursing Practice. Journal of Nursing Practice.
  • Thompson, D. (2020). Therapeutics in Nursing: Rational Drug Therapy. Clinical Nurse Specialist.
  • Yasuda, A. et al. (2022). Pharmacotherapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication. Gastroenterology Research and Practice.
  • Zeigler, M. G. (2019). Pharmacologic Principles for Nursing Practice. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice.

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