American History 1-2 Essay ✓ Solved

American History 1-2 Essay

Write an essay explaining how Thomas Paine's pamphlet, Common Sense, made a persuasive and impassioned case for independence from British rule for the 13 colonies and propelled the Declaration of Independence of the founding of the Republic. Your essay must be a minimum of 800 words.

Paper For Above Instructions

Thomas Paine’s pamphlet, Common Sense, published in January 1776, stands as one of the most significant documents in American history. It played a crucial role in persuading the citizens of the thirteen American colonies to seek independence from British rule. Paine's arguments for self-governance and independence resonated deeply with the colonists and ultimately contributed to the drafting and adoption of the Declaration of Independence. This essay will explore the persuasive elements of Paine's work and its historical impact, arguing that Common Sense was foundational in promoting the ideals of freedom and democracy that became the bedrock of the United States.

Paine’s approach in Common Sense was both rational and emotionally evocative, effectively connecting with a broad audience. He utilized simple, straightforward language that made complex ideas accessible, allowing even those with little formal education to grasp his arguments. This accessibility was a significant factor in its widespread distribution and appeal. Paine addressed his readers directly, appealing to their sense of identity and common experience as colonists. For instance, he wrote, "Of all the tyrannies that affect mankind, tyranny in religion is the worst" (Paine, 1776). This statement directly challenged the oppressive nature of British rule, framing the struggle for independence as a moral imperative.

Another persuasive technique that Paine employed was the use of analogies and historical examples. By comparing the struggle for independence to the historical events of other nations, he legitimized the colonies' desire for self-governance. He cited the experiences of other countries that had fought against tyranny and successfully established their own governments. For instance, Paine referenced the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution, suggesting that the fight for freedom was not only justified but also achievable. His assertion that "we have it in our power to begin the world over again" (Paine, 1776) galvanized many to envision a new political landscape, free from the constraints of monarchical tyranny.

Paine also focused on the practical aspects of independence. He argued that remaining under British rule would only perpetuate the colonies' grievances and suffering. He pointed out that the British monarchy was inherently flawed and that the colonies could not expect fair treatment from a government that prioritized its own interests. He famously declared, “Let them call me rebel and welcome, I feel no concern from it” (Paine, 1776), positioning rebellion as both a right and a necessity in the face of oppression. This pragmatic appeal played a significant role in shifting public opinion towards favoring independence.

Perhaps most importantly, Common Sense effectively tapped into the growing sentiment of nationalism among the colonists. As tensions with Britain escalated, many colonists began to see themselves not merely as subjects of the Crown but as Americans with a unique identity and destiny. Paine articulated this evolving sense of identity, arguing that the colonies were capable of creating a democratic government that represented the will of the people. He proclaimed, “There is something absurd, in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island” (Paine, 1776), which highlighted the absurdity of allowing a distant power to dictate the affairs of the colonies.

The influence of Common Sense was profound and immediate. It galvanized the colonists, providing them with a compelling narrative that justified their aspirations for independence. The pamphlet was widely disseminated, with estimates suggesting that over 100,000 copies were sold in its first few months alone. This widespread readership created a foundation for the revolutionary spirit that culminated in the Declaration of Independence in July 1776. Paine’s work helped to unify various factions within the colonies, emphasizing a common cause and fostering a sense of collective action.

Furthermore, Paine's arguments laid down the philosophical underpinnings of the American Revolution. His advocacy for natural rights and self-governance echoed through the Declaration of Independence, which Thomas Jefferson would draft later that year. Jefferson’s assertion that "all men are created equal" and are entitled to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" reflects Paine’s earlier ideas. Thus, it can be argued that Common Sense not only influenced the immediate push for independence but also helped to shape the values that would define the new nation.

Even beyond the revolution, the impact of Paine's pamphlet remained profound. It introduced the idea of a government founded on the principles of equality and popular sovereignty, concepts that have since become intrinsic to American identity. The principles he espoused would serve as a blueprint for future democratic movements, both in the United States and globally. Paine’s confirmation of the power of the individual citizen, as he stated, "the summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country" (Paine, 1776), underscored the importance of civic duty, a principle that would influence later generations.

In conclusion, Thomas Paine's Common Sense was instrumental in shaping the American quest for independence. Through its persuasive arguments, accessible language, and emotional appeals, it spurred the colonies toward rebellion and laid the groundwork for the formation of a new nation. The pamphlet not only articulated the case for independence but also inspired a sense of national identity and purpose that endures to this day. As a foundational document of American history, Common Sense exemplifies the power of ideas to ignite social change and challenge established authority.

References

• Paine, T. (1776). Common Sense.
• Middlekauff, R. (2005). The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789. Oxford University Press.
• Wood, G. S. (1991). The Radicalism of the American Revolution. Alfred A. Knopf.
• Maier, P. (1997). American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence. Knopf.
• Hoffman, R. (2000). Revolutionary America, 1763-1815. John Wiley & Sons.
• Breen, T. H. (2010). The Marketplace of Revolution: How Consumer Politics Shaped American Independence. Oxford University Press.
• Kramer, L. (2011). Liberty's Republicanism: The Political Thought of Thomas Paine. University of Chicago Press.
• Fischer, D. H. (2004). Washington's Crossing. Oxford University Press.
• Bernard, C. (2017). Founding Spirits: George Washington and the American Revolution. Greenleaf Book Group Press.
• Stoll, M. (2019). Unruly Americans and the Origins of the Constitution. HarperCollins.