Annotated Bibliography And References

Annotated Bibliography 3 Annotated Bibliography and Reference List of 6 Sources

This assignment requires creating an annotated bibliography that includes six credible sources related to school violence, including topics such as school shootings, school crime, bullying, dating violence, and factors influencing youth violence. For each source, a summary and analysis should be provided, highlighting the purpose, key findings, and relevance to the current research on school violence. Additionally, a properly formatted reference list must be included, following academic standards like APA style.

Paper For Above instruction

School violence remains a persistent and multifaceted problem that affects the safety, well-being, and academic achievement of students across the United States. Understanding the various dimensions of this issue is essential for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies. This annotated bibliography reviews six credible sources that examine different aspects of school violence, including school shootings, general school crime, bullying, dating violence, and factors that mitigate or exacerbate youth violence.

1. Borum, R., Cornell, D. G., Modzeleski, W., & Jimerson, S. R. (2010). What can be done about school shootings? A review of the evidence.

This article provides a comprehensive review of empirical evidence pertaining to school shootings, emphasizing the rising trend and the epidemic nature of such violence. The authors note that traditional prevention strategies have largely been ineffective, leading to the recommendation that threat assessment is the most promising approach for preventing violent outbreaks in schools. They advocate for further research to refine these strategies and suggest that stakeholders implement crisis response plans to mitigate the impact of rare but devastating incidents. This resource is relevant to understanding the potential for targeted prevention efforts in addressing school shootings and underscores the importance of evidence-based policies.

2. Chen, G. (2008). Communities, Students, Schools, and School Crime: A Confirmatory Study of Crime in US High Schools.

Chen's study investigates how community behaviors, student backgrounds, and school environments influence crime prevalence in high schools across the United States. Covering a large sample of 712 high schools, the research highlights that larger schools tend to reflect higher misbehavior levels, and that school security programs, when not properly balanced with a positive climate, may inadvertently correlate with increased crime. Importantly, the study suggests that combining positive school climate initiatives with security measures is more effective in reducing school crimes. The findings are pertinent for understanding how environmental factors and policies intersect to influence school safety.

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Physical dating violence among high school students--United States, 2003.

This report examines the prevalence and characteristics of dating violence among high school students, revealing that between 12% and 20% of students experienced physical, sexual, or psychological abuse in their dating relationships. The CDC emphasizes that victims of dating violence are at increased risk of future violent crimes, including homicide and suicide. The report advocates for primary prevention through education, equipping students with knowledge to recognize and avoid abusive relationships. Its relevance lies in highlighting dating violence as a significant contributor to overall school violence, necessitating early intervention and education efforts.

4. Espelage, D. L., & Swearer, S. M. (2003). Research on school bullying and victimization: What have we learned and where do we go from here?

This article reviews current research on bullying and victimization in schools, emphasizing the psychosocial consequences of bullying behaviors and the peer ecology that sustains them. The authors point out that bullying is a chronic issue with policies in some schools failing to prevent or address it effectively. They call for a holistic approach that considers peer influence and social dynamics, and suggest that prevention programs need to be comprehensive and culturally sensitive. The study is essential for understanding bullying as a form of school violence and for developing more effective prevention strategies.

5. Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M. D., Haynie, D. L., Ruan, W. J., & Scheidt, P. C. (2003). Relationships between bullying and violence among US youth.

This research investigates the association between bullying behaviors and violent activities, such as weapon carrying and physical fights, among a large sample of U.S. high school students. Findings indicate that males are more likely to engage in violent behaviors, but both genders exhibit significant violent tendencies linked to bullying. The authors emphasize that bullying serves as a marker for more serious crimes, highlighting the need to address it early. The study underscores the critical importance of viewing bullying within the broader context of youth violence prevention.

6. Resnick, M. D., Ireland, M., & Borowsky, I. (2004). Youth violence perpetration: what protects? What predicts? Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.

This longitudinal study explores individual, familial, and community factors influencing youth violence perpetration, identifying protective factors that can reduce the likelihood of violent behavior. The authors find that strong parental connectedness and high parental expectations significantly decrease youth violence, even when risk factors are present. They advocate for a dual strategy that simultaneously reduces risk factors and enhances protective ones. This research is vital for understanding systemic and relational influences on youth violence and informing holistic prevention programs.

References

  • Borum, R., Cornell, D. G., Modzeleski, W., & Jimerson, S. R. (2010). What can be done about school shootings? A review of the evidence. Educational Researcher, 39(1), 27–37.
  • Chen, G. (2008). Communities, Students, Schools, and School Crime: A Confirmatory Study of Crime in US High Schools. Urban Education, 43(2), 213–236.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Physical dating violence among high school students—United States, 2003. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 55(19), 531–535.
  • Espelage, D. L., & Swearer, S. M. (2003). Research on school bullying and victimization: What have we learned and where do we go from here? School Psychology Review, 32(3), 365–383.
  • Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M. D., Haynie, D. L., Ruan, W. J., & Scheidt, P. C. (2003). Relationships between bullying and violence among US youth. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 157(6), 554–560.
  • Resnick, M. D., Ireland, M., & Borowsky, I. (2004). Youth violence perpetration: what protects? What predicts? Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Journal of Adolescent Health, 35(5), 424–434.

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