Art And Photography History Of Photography Jabez Hughes Phot ✓ Solved

Art And Photographyhistory Of Photographyc Jabez Hughes Photograp

Art and Photography history of Photography C. Jabez Hughes: photography into three classes • 1) Mechanical photography • 2) Art photography • 3) A photograph that can “instruct, purify and ennoble.” Depiction vs imagination • Objective description vs moral uplift • Entertainment vs. Education (textbook 3.6) Etienne Carjat, Charles Baudelaire, c. 1862. Woodburytype. Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tournachon), Portrait of Charles Baudelaire, c. 1863. 3.7. Nadar, Panthéon Nadar, 1854. Lithographic print, George Eastman House, Rochester, New York. Nadar, “Revolving Self-Portrait, c. 1865. Nadar, pseudonym of Gaspard-Félix Tournachon, (1820 - , 1910), French writer, caricaturist and photographer. -best known for his photographic portraits. Nadar, Paris from above in 1858. 3.9. Nadar, Theophilie Gautier, Albumen salted paper print, mounted on Bristol board, Musee d’Orsay, Paris. Gautier: proponent of art for art’s sake and author of the novel about Parisian bohemian life, Mademoiselle de Maupin (1835) the writer’s antagonism toward the bourgeois. *Nadar’s photographic studio became a fashionable intellectual salon. 3.10. Nadar, The Sewers of Paris. Modern print from a glass negative. Nadar, Catacombs, c. 1860. Nadar, Sarah Bernhardt, c. 1860. Nadar, Victor Hugo at Deathbed. 1885. Tableaux Vivants (living pictures) William Lake Price, An Interior, 1858. High Art Photography Tableux vivants 3.12. William Lake Price, Don Quixote in His Study. Early 1850s. Albumen print from a wet collodion negative. [Miguel de Cervante] Tableux vivants High Art Photography (textbook 3.13) Oscar Rejlander, The Two Ways of Life, 1857. Combination Albumin print. High Art Photography Raphael, School of Athens, Vatican City Thomas Couture, The Romans of Decadence, 1855. (see also your textbook for the scale of this painting, page 461. 13.31. Thomas Struth, Musee d’Orsay, Paris. 14. Henry Peach Robinson, Group with Recumbent Figure (Sketch with cut-out), 1860. Albumen print and pastel collage on paper. Gernsheim Collection. Henry Peach Robinson (1830 – 1901) Self-portrait, 1895. Henry Peach Robinson, When Day’s Work is Done, 1877. A combination print made from six different negatives. Henry Peach Robinson, Figures in Landscape, early 1890s, Combination albumen print 3.15. Henry Peach Robinson, Fading Away, 1858, Albumen composite print (Combination Print), Science Museum, London. Robinson, Henry Peach: “Pictorial Effect In Photography: Being Hints On Composition And Chiaroscuro For Photographers.” Piper & Carter, 1869 • Robinson, Henry Peach: “The Elements of a Pictorial Photograph.” Lund, 1896. • Video: combination printing darkroom techniques. Julia Margaret Cameron (1815 – 1879) Henry Hersschel Hay Cameron, Julia Margaret Cameron, c. 1870, Victoria and Albert Museum. Julia Margaret Cameron, Julia Jackson, 1867. Albumen silver print. 3.19. Julia Margaret Cameron, Herschel, 1867. Albumen print, Victoria & Albert Museum, London. Julia Margaret Cameron, King Lear allotting his Kingdom to his three daughters by Julia Margaret Cameron, 1872, with her husband Charles Hay Cameron, staff in hand, cast as King Lear. 3.20. Julia Margaret Cameron, Ophelia, Study no.2, 1867. Albumen print, George Eastman House, Rochester, New York. video Early Modern Photography History of Photography 6.2. John D. Howe, The front Hearst’s New York American, April 24, 1906. With a photograph of San Francisco in flames on April 16, 1906, New York Public Library, New York. • Half-tone process allowed publications to reproduce photographic images directly rather than through engravings. • Invention of Dry Plates: faster and easier; worked well with new, smaller, portable cameras (hand-held cameras) → greater mobility • By 1880s, photography has its place in everyday life. VIDEO (left) No.1. Kodak Camera, 1889. (right) Kodak Manual, 1889. The company’s slogan “You press the button - we do the rest.” First Eastman Kodak camera • In 1888, Eastman Dry Plate Company in Rochester, NY began to manufacture the Kodak camera, intended for casual use by middle class consumers. • Camera had a fixed focus. • Camera came loaded with a roll of paper coated with light sensitive material. • Video: Before the Brownie: the first Eastman Kodak camera (circa 1888) (left) a photograph taken from No.1 Kodak camera. (right) Robert W. Reford, Chinese seamstress, 1888, albumen print PA-118195 Using a Kodak No. 1 camera, Reford, an amateur photographer, documented the activities of the settlers in British Columbia. 6.5. Photographer Unknown, Untitled, c. 1888. Early Kodak print, Eastman Kodak Co. Rochester, New York. (left) Eastman Kodak No. 2 Brownie Camera and Original Box, circa 1910 (right) Detail from the end-flap of the carton used to market the No. 2 Brownie Camera to children 6.33. Advertisement for Kodak Cameras, c. 1910. Poster. George Eastman House, Rochester, New York. 6.37. Advertisement for Pond’s Cold Cream, from New York Times, February 8, 1925. (textbook plate. 6.1) Frances Benjamin Johnston, Self-Portrait (as New Woman), c. 1896. Gelatin silver print, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 6.31. Photographer Unknown, Untitled (Is your wife a Suffragette?), postmarked 1908. Postcard. 6.32. Photographer Unknown, “Mrs. How Martyn Maks Jam,” from Suffragettes at Home, n.d. Postcard, Museum of London. Photography for Social Aims History of Photography (Textbook Plate 6.24) Alfred Stieglitz, The Steerage, 1907, from Camera Work, no.34. Photogravure. Museum of Modern Art, New York. Henry Mayhew, London Labour and London Poor (.10. Thomas Annan, Close No.37, High Street, 1868. from the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow, from Photographs Taken for the City of Glasgow Improvement Trust, 1900. “Haussmannization” of Paris during the last third of the 19th C. (Second Empire Period) - modernization of the city named after Baron Haussmann; Innovation of the city planning, including wide Boulevards, new sewer system, railway stations, new apartment blocks, installation of gas street lamps [→ leading to nightlife of outdoor cafes and street theaters] - benefited wealthy people and foreign tourists, driving poor Parisians to the outskirts of the city. -Karl Marx criticized Haussmannization for razing Paris for the sightseer. Elevation of apartment building at 39 Rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, 1860. Architectural drawing. [Beaux-Arts style buildings in Paris] Avenue de l’Opéra. Paris, France. 5.1. Charles Marville, Intersection in Old Paris, one of 425 views of old Paris, c. 1865-9. [14 Rue des Marmousets (destroyed); View from the East, At left, Rue de Glatigny (destroyed, replaced by the hotel-Dieu). (textbook plate, 4.36). John Thomson, The Cangue, , from China and its People, 1874. 5.11. John Thomson, The Crawlers. Victoria & Albert Museum, London. Collaborated with writer/social activist Adolphe Smith Headingly on Street life in London. ; documenting objectively without omission or exaggeration. John Thomson, The Independent Shoe-black, c. 1876. Victoria & Albert Museum, London. -The background was included to show people in their authentic surroundings. -The pictures were accompanied by detailed commentaries on the individual subjects. -a more analytical approach than mere identification of picturesque types. 5.12. Photographer Unknown, Before and After Photographs of Young Boys, c. 1875. Albumen prints. Thomas Barnardo Photographic Archive, Iford, England. Dr. Barnardo's homes (orphanage): used photographs in a functional way for public relations and as a source of income for his charitable work. - staged before-and-after photographs of children who entered his homes and training programs, the overly dramatized images of the children were criticized. - “compassion fatigue”—repeated images of people in squalid conditions, which bolstered stereotypes of the poor as inferior. As photographic coverage increased, public response declined. Jacob Riis, Home of an Italian Ragpicker, c. 1890. Museum of the City of New York. Social Reform Photography in the U.S. Jacob Riis, In Poverty Gap: An English Coal-Heaver’s Home, 1889. Jacob Riis, "Lodgers in a Crowded Bayard Street Tenement--'Five Cents a Spot', 1889. Jacob Riis, The Man slept in this cellar for four years, about 1890. 7.5. Jacob Riis, Bandits Roost, Mulberry Street, New York, 1888. - Riis wrote an expose for NY Tribune and a book How the Other Half Lives (1892). - used a hand-held camera and flash. - NYC enacted many reforms as a result of Riis’s work. Lewis Hine, Climbing into America, 1908. Lewis Hine taught at Ethical Culture School of New York, trained as a Socialist, used the camera as a means of gathering research information. – critical of social, political, economic climate in the U.S. for immigrants. Lewis Hine, Italian Family Seeking Lost Baggage, Ellis Island, 1905. Lewis W. Hine, Ten-Year-Old Spinner, North Carolina Cotton Mill. One of the spinners in Whitnel Cotton Mill. She was 51 inches high. Has been in the mill one year. Sometimes works at night. Runs 4 sides - 48 cents a day. When asked how old she was, she hesitated, then said, "I don't remember," then added confidentially, "I'm not old enough to work, but do just the same." Out of 50 employees, there were ten children about her size. Whitnel, N.C. Lewis Hine – freelance for National Child Labor Committee (NCLC); he made a concrete contribution to legislative reforms on child labor. 7.79. Lewis Hine, Child in Carolina Cotton Mill, 1908. The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in." She was working steadily. The mills seem full of youngsters who "just happened in" or "are helping sister." Newberry, S.C. Lewis W. Hine, Breaker Boys in a Coal Mine, South Pittston, Pa., 1911. Gelatin silver print, Private Collection. 6.44. Paul Strand, Photograph- New York (Woman with sign that reads Blind), from Camera Work, June 1917. Photogravure. Paul Strand, Wall Street, New York, 1915. 6.45. Paul Strand, Abstractions, Porch Shadows, Connecticut, 1915. Gelatin silver print by Richard Benson, MoMA, New York. Counterpart in literature in social reform. Theodor Dresier, An American Tragedy, 1925. – portrays life as a struggle against ungovernable forces. Protagonist, Clyde Griffith – Roberta vs. Sandra, based on a real story, Chester Gillette – Grace Brown. – Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, 1908. – exposed corruption in government and business. Exposure of health violations and unsanitary practices in the U.S. meat packing industry in early 20th C., based on an investigation he did for a socialist newspaper.