Assignment 2: Middle Range Or Interdisciplinary Theory Evalu ✓ Solved

Assignment 2 Middle Range Or Interdisciplinary Theory Evaluationas Ad

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate two middle range or interdisciplinary theories and apply those theories to a specific clinical practice problem. The paper involves selecting a clinical problem, summarizing and evaluating two relevant theories, and refining a research question based on the chosen theory.

Briefly describe your clinical practice problem: Patients suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who participate in diabetic self-care programs are more likely to achieve improved glycemic control compared to those who do not participate in such programs.

Summarize two theories: One could be the Self-Care Theory by Dorothea Orem, and the other could be the Self-Efficacy Theory by Lenz & Shortridge-Baggett or the Health Promotion Model by Pender, Murdaugh & Parson. Both theories are applicable to understanding and improving health behaviors related to diabetes management.

Evaluate both theories using the provided evaluation criteria, considering their relevance, clarity, simplicity, empirical support, and applicability to the practice problem.

Determine which theory best addresses your clinical problem, justify your choice, and use its propositions to refine your research question related to improving glycemic control through self-care behaviors or health promotion strategies.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

Evaluation of Middle Range and Interdisciplinary Theories in Diabetes Self-Care

Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate two middle range or interdisciplinary theories and apply those theories to a clinical practice problem involving patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This evaluation includes selecting relevant theories, summarizing their core concepts, assessing their applicability and strengths, and refining a research question based on the most appropriate theory for guiding improvement in glycemic control through self-care programs.

Clinical Practice Problem Description

The chosen clinical practice problem concerns patients with T2DM and their participation in self-care programs. Research indicates that active engagement in self-care behaviors, such as proper medication adherence, diet, physical activity, and blood glucose monitoring, leads to better glycemic control and reduced complications. Despite this, many patients do not participate or remain engaged in self-care, resulting in suboptimal health outcomes. Therefore, understanding the behavioral and motivational factors influencing self-care adherence is critical. To address this, applying theoretical frameworks can elucidate these factors and guide effective interventions.

Summary of Selected Theories

The first theory selected is Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory, which emphasizes the importance of individuals’ ability to care for themselves and how nursing can support self-care practices. Orem’s theory is structured around the concept that health management involves self-care agency, which can be influenced or supported through nursing interventions. This theory aligns well with promoting self-care behaviors in diabetic patients, focusing on empowering patients to manage their condition effectively.

The second theory is the Self-Efficacy Theory, originally developed by Albert Bandura but adapted by Lenz & Shortridge-Baggett specifically for nursing. This theory posits that an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments influences their actions. Higher self-efficacy correlates with greater motivation and persistence, making it particularly relevant in chronic disease management, including diabetes. By increasing patients’ confidence in their ability to manage their disease, health outcomes can be improved.

Theory Evaluation

Using established evaluation criteria, both theories demonstrate relevance to the practice problem. Orem’s Self-Care Theory offers a comprehensive framework focusing on empowering patients and developing their self-management skills. It is clear, derived from nursing principles, and provides specific guidance for nursing interventions aimed at self-care. Its empirical support is extensive, with numerous studies validating its application in chronic illness management.

The Self-Efficacy Theory emphasizes individual motivation and confidence, which are critical factors influencing self-care behaviors. It is straightforward, constructs are easily measurable, and it aligns with evidence supporting the importance of behavioral change theories in health promotion. Empirical evidence demonstrates that enhancing self-efficacy leads to better adherence and health outcomes in diabetics, supporting its validity.

Both theories are useful; however, the Self-Efficacy Theory provides a more specific focus on behavioral change, making it highly suitable for designing targeted interventions to improve self-care participation among diabetic patients. Orem’s theory complements this by framing the overall approach toward fostering patient independence.

Most Appropriate Theory and Rationale

Considering the criteria and the nature of the practice problem, I find the Self-Efficacy Theory most suitable. Its focus on confidence and motivation directly addresses barriers to self-care behaviors in diabetes management. By enhancing patients' self-efficacy, nurses can influence patients’ health behaviors effectively, leading to improved glycemic control.

Refined Research Question

Based on the application of the Self-Efficacy Theory, the refined research question becomes: “Does a self-efficacy enhancement intervention improve glycemic control among patients with Type 2 Diabetes participating in self-care programs?” This question aims to explore whether targeted strategies to boost confidence in self-management skills can translate into measurable clinical improvements.

Conclusion

This evaluation underscores the importance of selecting appropriate theoretical frameworks to guide evidence-based practice. The Self-Efficacy Theory’s focus on behavioral change and individual motivation makes it particularly relevant for addressing participation in diabetic self-care programs. Applying this theory can assist nurses in developing effective interventions to promote sustained self-care, ultimately improving health outcomes for diabetic patients.

References

• Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W.H. Freeman.
• McEwin, M., & Wills, E.M. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing. Wolters Kluwer Health.
• Orem, D. (2001). Nursing: Concepts of practice (6th ed.). Mosby.
• Pender, N. J., Murdaugh, C. L., & Parson, L. (2015). Health promotion in nursing practice (7th ed.). Pearson.
• Lenz, E. R., & Shortridge-Baggett, L. M. (2002). Self-efficacy in nursing: Research and measurement perspectives. Springer Publishing.
• Fawcett, J., & Garity, J. (2009). Chapter 6: Evaluation of middle-range theories. In Evaluating Research for Evidence-Based Nursing. F. A. Davis.
• McEwin, M., & Wills, E. M. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing. Wolters Kluwer Health.
• Gray, J.R., Grove, S.K., & Sutherland, S. (2017). Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research. Saunders Elsevier.
• DeSanto-Madeya, S., & Fawcett, J. (2009). Toward understanding and measuring adaptation level in the context of the Roy Adaptation Model. Nursing Science Quarterly, 22(4), 355–359.
• Roby, D., Kominski, G., & Pourat, N. (2008). Assessing barriers to engaging challenging populations in disease management programs. Disease Management & Health Outcomes, 16(6), 421–428.