Assignment 3 Final Project Annotated Bibliography Cra 912707

Assignment 3 Final Project Annotated Bibliographycraft A Research Que

Assign­ment 3: Final Project Anno­tated Bibliography Craft a re­search question on the topic you sel­ected in your first dis­cussion question post. Then locate at least five articles from peer-reviewed journals that pertain to your question that will be used to write the introduction section of your research proposal. Submit these five citations in the form of an APA-style reference page. Under each citation, write one paragraph summarizing the main points of the article. As you read your articles, keep the following questions at hand; these will help you generate the information about each article.

  • What were the topic/research questions being investigated?
  • How was the study conducted (participants, materials, procedure, etc.)?
  • What did the results reveal?
  • How might these methodological considerations affect the research findings and the conclusions drawn from them?
  • How does this article fit in with your paper?
  • How did it influence your own ideas about your paper? Based on your reading of the literature, what do you expect to find? Include a hypothesis and a title page for your submission.

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

Crafting a well-founded research question is a pivotal step in the research process, guiding the direction of investigation and framing the scope of the study. The formulation of a clear and precise question enables researchers to identify relevant literature, design appropriate methodologies, and anticipate potential outcomes. In the context of my research, which explores the impact of social media on adolescent mental health, my research question is: "How does daily social media usage influence the psychological well-being of adolescents?" This question aims to examine the relationship between social media engagement and mental health indicators such as anxiety, depression, and self-esteem among teenagers. To support this inquiry, I have identified five peer-reviewed articles that provide empirical findings and thematic insights relevant to my research question. These articles will form the foundation of the literature review section of my research proposal, offering diverse perspectives and methodological approaches that can inform my study design and hypotheses.

Summary of Articles

Article 1: Keles, B., McCrae, N., & Grealish, A. (2020). A systematic review: The influence of social media on depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 79-93.

This systematic review investigates the association between social media use and mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among adolescents. The authors reviewed 54 empirical studies published between 2010 and 2020, examining various measures of social media engagement and psychological outcomes. The findings suggest a significant correlation between high social media usage and increased levels of depression and anxiety, although the causality remains undetermined. Methodologically, most studies employed cross-sectional surveys with self-reported measures, which raises concerns about reporting bias and the inability to establish causal relationships. The review highlights that certain patterns of social media use, such as passive consumption and social comparison, are particularly linked to adverse mental health outcomes. This article underscores the importance of examining specific usage behaviors in relation to well-being, a consideration I plan to incorporate into my study design.

Article 2: Orben, A., & Przybylski, A. K. (2019). The relation between adolescent well-being and digital technology use. Nature Human Behaviour, 3(2), 173-182.

This study explores the complex relationship between digital technology use, including social media, and adolescent well-being. Drawing data from large-scale surveys, the authors analyze behavioral patterns and mental health indicators over time. Their results indicate that the relationship is nuanced; moderate use of digital devices does not predict lower well-being, while excessive use correlates with increased psychological distress. The study features a longitudinal design with objective measures of device use and validated mental health assessments. These methodological strengths strengthen the argument that excessive social media engagement may negatively impact mental health, yet causal effects remain difficult to ascertain. This article is instrumental in highlighting the importance of considering usage intensity and individual differences when interpreting social media's effects, guiding the development of my hypothesis that moderating social media consumption could mitigate psychological harm.

Article 3: Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Lewis, R. F. (2015). Frequent use of social media and mental health symptoms in adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(7), 380-385.

This cross-sectional study examines the association between frequent social media use and mental health symptoms among adolescents aged 12-17. Utilizing self-reported questionnaires, the researchers found that adolescents who used social media extensively reported higher levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness. The study identified social isolation as a mediating factor, suggesting that excessive online engagement might replace face-to-face interactions, leading to emotional distress. The methodology, including a large sample size and validated scales, supports the reliability of findings, although the reliance on self-report introduces potential bias. These results reinforce the hypothesis that high social media activity correlates with poorer mental health, prompting me to consider including social interaction quality as a variable in my study.

Article 4: Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2018). Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and sleep problems among US adolescents after 2010. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(2), 181–192.

This longitudinal research analyzes trends in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among US adolescents from 2010 to 2016, aligning with increased digital device use. The authors report significant rises in depression and sleep problems, with social media use identified as a potential contributing factor. Employing nationally representative surveys, the study emphasizes temporal patterns rather than causal mechanisms. The findings suggest that increased time on social platforms may disrupt sleep patterns and contribute to worsening mental health. The methodological strength lies in its large, representative sample, but causality remains speculative. This article supports the premise that digital engagement influences adolescent mental health, which will inform my hypothesis regarding the harmful effects of excessive social media use.

Article 5: Kelly, Y., Zilanawala, A., Booker, C., & Sacker, A. (2018). Social media use and adolescent mental health: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study. PLoS ONE, 13(11), e0205387.

This large-scale cohort study investigates the association between social media use and mental health issues, including depression and anxiety, using data from around 11,000 adolescents. The researchers observe that higher social media engagement is associated with greater risk of mental health problems, but causality remains ambiguous. The study’s longitudinal design, with detailed usage patterns and mental health assessments, offers robust evidence of association but not causation. The authors suggest that underlying factors such as pre-existing Anxiety or depression may influence social media use, complicating causal inferences. These insights guide my hypothesis that social media's effect on mental health is moderated by pre-existing emotional vulnerabilities, emphasizing the need to control for confounding variables in my research.

Conclusion

The reviewed literature collectively suggests a significant association between high social media use and adverse mental health outcomes in adolescents, though causality remains complex and multifaceted. Methodological variations among studies—cross-sectional versus longitudinal, reliance on self-report versus objective measures—highlight the necessity of rigorous research designs to accurately assess effects. The thematic threads of social comparison, social isolation, excessive screen time, and sleep disruption emerge as critical factors influencing adolescent psychological well-being. Drawing from these insights, my research will aim to clarify causal pathways, considering individual differences and usage patterns, to better understand how social media impacts adolescent mental health. I hypothesize that reducing social media usage to moderate levels will improve mental well-being, and that certain vulnerable groups, such as those with pre-existing emotional issues, are at higher risk of negative outcomes.

References

  • Keles, B., McCrae, N., & Grealish, A. (2020). A systematic review: The influence of social media on depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 79-93.
  • Orben, A., & Przybylski, A. K. (2019). The relation between adolescent well-being and digital technology use. Nature Human Behaviour, 3(2), 173-182.
  • Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Lewis, R. F. (2015). Frequent use of social media and mental health symptoms in adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(7), 380-385.
  • Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2018). Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and sleep problems among US adolescents after 2010. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(2), 181–192.
  • Kelly, Y., Zilanawala, A., Booker, C., & Sacker, A. (2018). Social media use and adolescent mental health: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study. PLoS ONE, 13(11), e0205387.

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