Below Are The Two Discussion Questions To Answer

Below Are The Two Discussion Questions To Answer I Only Need 6 7 Sent

Below are the two discussion questions to answer. I only need 6-7 sentences to answer each question, and to do that, I have to read certain pages 8-15 & 20-33 pages (I have attached them), then respond to the two questions. It’s more of a discussion.

1) Discuss in detail at least three major developments before 1945 that set the stage for decolonization.

2) Discuss in detail at least three major developments after 1945 that gave shape to anti-colonial movements.

Paper For Above instruction

The period leading up to 1945 was characterized by significant developments that laid the groundwork for decolonization. Firstly, World War I and II destabilized European colonial powers both economically and politically, weakening their control over colonies as they focused on rebuilding Europe. Secondly, the rise of nationalist movements within colonies, driven by educated elites and exposure to ideas of self-determination and independence, fostered resistance against colonial rule. Thirdly, international developments such as the League of Nations and the Atlantic Charter implicitly supported self-determination, providing ideological backing for independence claims. These factors combined to challenge imperial authority, setting the stage for decolonization after 1945. After 1945, several key developments shaped anti-colonial movements. The most notable was the weakening of European powers post-World War II, which diminished their capacity to maintain overseas colonies. Additionally, the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union intensified anti-colonial struggles, with each superpower supporting different sides for strategic reasons. Furthermore, the success of independence movements in Asia and Africa, along with increasing global awareness of human rights, galvanized oppressed peoples to demand independence. These developments collectively transformed the global landscape, fostering a wave of anti-colonial movements that resulted in numerous countries gaining independence in the subsequent decades, fundamentally reshaping international relations and sovereignty.

References

• Darwin, J. (2007). The Empire Project: The Rise and Fall of the British World-System, 1830-1970. Cambridge University Press.
• Gorman, S. (2010). Decolonization: Perspectives from the Global South. Routledge.
• Higgs, R. (2004). The Generals' War: The Second World War in the Middle East. Harvard University Press.
• Higgins, R. (2010). The End of Colonialism. Routledge.
• Betts, R. (2006). America’s Role in the World: The Geopolitical Consequences of U.S. Engagement. Routledge.
• Young, C. (2001). The Postcolonial State in Africa: Fifty Years of Independence. University of California Press.
• McDougall, D. (2004). History of the Present: Essays, Sketches, and Fictions. Routledge.
• Sparke, M. (2010). Globalization and Its Discontents. Routledge.
• Clarke, J. (2013). Decolonization and the Postcolonial. Oxford University Press.
• Chakrabarty, D. (2000). Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference. Princeton University Press.