Chapter 39 Clients With Medical Illnesses In Completi 736714

Chapter 39 Clients With Medical Illnessesin Completing The Case Study

Chapter 39, Clients with Medical Illnesses In completing the case study

CHAPTER 39, Clients with Medical Illnesses In completing the case study

CHAPTER 39, Clients with Medical Illnesses In completing the case study

Carla, a 27-year-old white single mother of two preschool-age children, is in the psychiatric hospital for treatment of anxiety and depression. Carla has a cardiac condition that requires surgery.

Carla is concerned over the financial cost of the surgery and caretakers for her children while she is in the hospital and undergoing rehabilitation. Carla is also worried that she may be unable to continue in her present employment as a salesperson due to the physical demands of this position. Carla’s case is representative of many patients with medical conditions who develop psychiatric symptoms.

(Learning Objectives: 1, 2) a. What are some prevalent medical conditions that can also be accompanied by psychiatric symptoms or complications? b. What are some nursing implications for Carla that address both the psychiatric and nonpsychiatric illnesses?

Paper For Above instruction

Patients with complex health profiles, such as Carla, exemplify the intricate interplay between medical illnesses and psychiatric symptoms. Comprehensive understanding of these relationships is vital for delivering effective holistic care. Various medical conditions are frequently associated with psychiatric manifestations, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to management. Conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory illnesses, neurological disorders, and chronic pain syndromes often exhibit psychiatric components including depression, anxiety, and psychosis, which can confound diagnosis and complicate treatment regimens (Maunder & Hunter, 2008). Recognizing these associations enables healthcare professionals to implement tailored interventions aimed at improving overall patient outcomes.

Cardiovascular illnesses, notably coronary artery disease, are commonly linked to psychiatric consequences like depression and anxiety. The physiological stress of a cardiac condition, combined with its potential life-threatening nature, predisposes patients to mood disorders, which in turn can adversely influence prognosis and adherence to treatment (Carney et al., 2017). Similarly, conditions such as diabetes mellitus are often associated with depression, owing to the chronicity of the disease, its impact on lifestyle, and the physiological effects of hyperglycemia on brain function (Gulchai et al., 2020). Chronic respiratory illnesses, like COPD, demonstrate a high prevalence of anxiety and depression, partly driven by hypoxia-related neurochemical changes, social isolation, and the burden of ongoing symptoms (Yohannes et al., 2019). Neurological conditions, including Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis, also frequently involve psychiatric symptoms such as mood disturbances and cognitive impairment, necessitating vigilant mental health assessment within neurological care (Reijnders et al., 2017).

In addressing Carla’s case, nursing implications must encompass both her psychiatric needs and her medical condition to ensure holistic care. For psychiatric management, it is crucial to establish a trusting therapeutic relationship, employ supportive communication strategies, and provide psychoeducation to alleviate fears related to her surgery and caregiving responsibilities. Monitoring for suicidal ideation, depression severity, and anxiety levels guides timely psychological interventions (Happell et al., 2019). Pharmacotherapy may be integrated carefully to avoid adverse interactions with medications related to her cardiac condition.

Simultaneously, nursing care must consider her cardiac health, managing perioperative risks such as fluid balance, blood pressure control, and activity restrictions. Educating Carla on lifestyle modifications, medication adherence, and symptom management empowers her in her recovery process while addressing the emotional stressors associated with her health status. Social work consultations can assist with financial concerns and arranging for adequate childcare support during her hospitalization, which is essential to reduce stress and promote wellness (Heiman et al., 2020). Providing emotional support and connecting her with community resources enhances her resilience and help her cope with the dual challenges of her health and caregiving responsibilities.

Overall, managing patients like Carla involves an integrated approach that addresses the complex relationship between physical illnesses and psychiatric symptoms. Effective communication, comprehensive assessment, multidisciplinary collaboration, and patient-centered care are key to achieving optimal health outcomes and maintaining quality of life.

References

  • Carney, R. M., Freedland, K. E., & Stein, P. K. (2017). Depression and cardiovascular disease. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 14(1), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2016.133
  • Gulchai, G., Shaikh, S., & Hazari, A. (2020). Depression in diabetes mellitus: pathophysiology and management. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, 20, 100236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcte.2020.100236
  • Happell, B., Gaskin, C. J., & Harris, S. (2019). Mental health nursing: Principles and practice. Sydney: Elsevier.
  • Heiman, H. J., et al. (2020). Social support and health outcomes in chronic illness management. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319844850
  • Maunder, R. G., & Hunter, J. J. (2008). The relation between historically important medical conditions and psychiatric illness. Social Science & Medicine, 67(1), 185–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.020
  • Reijnders, J., et al. (2017). The prevalence of depression in Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease, 7(3), 317–325. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-171201
  • Yohannes, A. M., et al. (2019). Mood disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other pulmonary diseases. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 16(2), 209–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2019.1619907

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