Combination Compound Caomass 7 G Volume 14 L ✓ Solved

CombinationCompound Caomass 7 Gvolume 14 L1

CombinationCompound Caomass 7 Gvolume 14 L1

Determine the concentration of a solution in terms of percentage mass/volume, molarity, and osmolarity based on the given data. This involves calculating the percentage concentration (mass/volume), the molarity of the solution, and its osmolarity, considering the molecular composition of the solute.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

Understanding solution concentrations is fundamental in chemistry, as it provides insights into the composition and properties of solutions. This paper illustrates the calculation of percentage mass/volume concentration, molarity, and osmolarity for a solution prepared with calcium oxide (CaO). The given data include the mass of CaO, the volume of the solution, and the molecular properties of the solute, which are utilized to derive the various concentration measures.

Given Data

  • Mass of solute (CaO): 7 g
  • Volume of solution: 14 L (14,000 mL)
  • Molecular weight of CaO: 56.0774 g/mol
  • Number of particles in CaO: 2 (since CaO dissociates into Ca²⁺ and O²⁻ ions)

Calculation of Percentage Mass/Volume Concentration

The percentage mass/volume concentration (% w/v) indicates the grams of solute present in 100 mL of solution. It is calculated by:

% w/v = (mass of solute in grams / volume of solution in mL) × 100

Substituting the given values:

% w/v = (7 g / 14,000 mL) × 100 = 0.05%

Thus, the solution has a concentration of 0.05% weight/volume.

Calculation of Molarity

Molarity (M) describes moles of solute per liter of solution. It is calculated as:

Molarity = (moles of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)

First, determine the number of moles of CaO:

moles of CaO = mass of CaO / molar mass of CaO = 7 g / 56.0774 g/mol ≈ 0.1248 mol

Next, compute molarity by dividing the moles by the volume in liters:

Molarity = 0.1248 mol / 14 L ≈ 0.0089 M

Therefore, the molarity of the solution is approximately 0.0089 mol/L.

Calculation of Osmolarity

Osmolarity accounts for the total particle concentration in a solution, considering dissociation of ionic compounds. The formula is:

Osmolarity = Molarity × number of particles produced per formula unit (g)

Given that CaO dissociates into calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and oxide ions (O²⁻), g equals 2:

g = 2

Calculating osmolarity:

Osmolarity = 0.0089 M × 2 = 0.0178 osM

This indicates that the solution's osmolarity is approximately 0.0178 osmoles per liter, reflecting the total particle concentration in the solution.

Discussion

The calculations demonstrate how different concentration metrics reveal various aspects of solution composition. The % w/v offers an easy-to-understand percentage based on weight and volume, suitable for laboratory preparations. Molarity provides a precise measure of solute particles at the molecular level, crucial for stoichiometric calculations. Osmolarity further considers the solution's ionic dissociation, relevant in biological and medical contexts where osmotic pressure impacts cellular functions.

Understanding these metrics allows chemists and healthcare professionals to formulate solutions with exact specifications for different applications, ensuring safety, efficacy, and consistency. The calculations also illustrate the importance of considering molecular dissociation, especially for ionic compounds like CaO, which significantly influence osmolarity.

Conclusion

Using given data, the solution's concentration is 0.05% w/v, with a molarity of approximately 0.0089 mol/L, and an osmolarity of about 0.0178 osM. These measurements collectively characterize the solution's strength and potential biological effects, emphasizing the relevance of precise concentration calculations in chemistry and related fields.

References

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  • DeWitt, D., & Croft, K. (2014). Calculations of molarity and osmolarity from solution concentration data. Socratic.org.
  • Atkins, P., & de Paula, J. (2014). Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press.
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  • Socratic.org. (2014). How can molarity and osmolarity be calculated from M/V? Retrieved from Socratic.org.

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