Comparison And Contrast: The Purpose Of Comparison And Contr
Comparison And Contrast The Purpose Of Comparison And Contrast In
Comparison in writing discusses elements that are similar, while contrast in writing discusses elements that are different. A compare-and-contrast essay analyzes two subjects by examining them closely and comparing, contrasting, or both. The key to a good compare-and-contrast essay is to choose two or more subjects that connect in a meaningful way. The purpose of conducting the comparison or contrast is not to state the obvious but rather to illuminate subtle differences or unexpected similarities. For example, if you wanted to focus on contrasting two subjects, you would not pick apples and oranges; rather, you might choose to compare and contrast two types of oranges or two types of apples to highlight subtle differences.
Drawing distinctions between elements in a similar category will increase the audience’s understanding of that category, which is the purpose of the compare-and-contrast essay. Similarly, to focus on comparison, choose two subjects that seem at first to be unrelated. For a comparison essay, you likely would not choose two apples or two oranges because they share so many of the same properties already. Rather, you might try to compare how apples and oranges are quite similar.
The more divergent the two subjects initially seem, the more interesting a comparison essay will be. Brainstorming exercises suggest focusing on contrasting categories such as romantic comedies, internet search engines, or cell phones, identifying one similarity and three differences for each. Conversely, for comparison essays, one might compare department stores and discount retail stores, fast food chains and fine dining restaurants, or dogs and cats, highlighting one difference and three similarities.
Structure and Organization of a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay
The essay begins with a thesis that clearly states the two subjects and the reason for comparing, contrasting, or both. The thesis may lean more toward comparison, contrast, or both, depending on the purpose. For instance, a thesis contrasting organic vegetables with conventional ones might argue that despite higher costs, organic vegetables are worth it based on their benefits. The essay can be organized either by discussing one subject and then the other or by individual points, comparing or contrasting them point by point. The chosen organizational structure depends on the topic, purpose, and audience.
Use comparison and contrast phrases such as “like,” “similar,” “while,” “whereas,” “unlike,” and “in contrast” to cue the reader. Effective transitions enhance clarity and coherence. Ultimately, an essay should conclude by summarizing main points and reinforcing the thesis, providing the reader with insightful understanding of the subjects’ relationship.
Writing a Compare-and-Contrast Essay
Begin with an engaging introduction that introduces the topics and states the thesis at the end. The body should follow the chosen organizational pattern—by subject or by points—and include well-developed paragraphs that analyze similarities and differences with supporting details. Use comparison and contrast signals throughout. The conclusion should tie together the analysis and restate the significance of the comparison or contrast. A well-crafted essay demonstrates critical thinking about the subjects and clarity in exposition.
Example Analysis: “Batman: A Hero for Any Time”
For example, Jacob Gallman-Dreiling’s essay on Batman compares the traditional portrayal of Batman with the modern version. The thesis states that while the framework remains consistent, Batman’s characterization and supporting characters have been re-imagined to reflect contemporary expectations. The essay uses a combination of subject-by-subject and point-by-point structure, elaborating on Batman’s backstory, characterization, and supporting characters across different eras. The transitions and specific details help the reader understand how Batman has evolved both internally and externally.
Summary
Comparison and contrast serve essential purposes in writing by highlighting similarities and differences that enhance understanding. An effective compare-and-contrast essay hinges on clear purpose, judicious organization, precise language, and insightful analysis. When correctly executed, such essays deepen the reader’s comprehension of the subjects and reveal subtleties that might otherwise go unnoticed.
References
- Anderson, M. (2015). Understanding Comparative Writing. Academic Press.
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