Correct Answers Highlighted Below Part 11 Norman And Fredric

Correct Answers Highlighted Belowpart11norman And Fredrick Seem To A

Correct Answers Highlighted Belowpart11norman And Fredrick Seem To A

Correct Answers Highlighted Below PART . Norman and Fredrick seem to argue all the time. Coworkers describe the two as hotheads, but recognize that the two men seem to like sparring and are very close friends. Their conflict style is best described as [4 pts.] A. nonintimate-aggressive. B. nonintimate-nonaggressive. C. intimate-aggressive. D. intimate-nonaggressive. 2. Rhonda complains to Collin that she’s tired of their weekend routine. Irritated, Collin snaps back that he’s tired of her complaining. Their conflict pattern reflects which of the following conflict styles? [4 pts.] A. complimentary B. symmetrical C. tangential D. conditional 3. Almost all messages have [4 pts.] A. a content dimension. B. a relational dimension. C. both content and relational dimensions. D. no dimensions unless the communicators intend them to. 4. Skillful, integrated communicators are characterized by [4 pts.] A. a conscious focus on communicating effectively. B. a greater degree of sociability. C. communicating competently without needing to think constantly about how to behave. D. exposure to a wide range of communication styles. E. others helping them out. 5. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is important to the study of interpersonal communication because [4 pts.] A. we all have needs. B. we can’t understand our needs without communication. C. communication is usually necessary to meet each level of need. D. communication was Maslow’s greatest need. E. the need for communication is the sixth “hidden†need. 6. Some of the characteristics that make relationships more interpersonal than impersonal are [4 pts.] A. frequency and proximity of communication. B. quantity over quality. C. how important the content of talk is to both of you. D. uniqueness, irreplaceability, and interdependence. 7. Effective communicators have been found to [4 pts.] A. have a consistent set of five behaviors they can call up at will. B. have a wide range of behaviors from which to choose. C. exhibit behaviors that are predictable by their partners. D. exhibit unique behaviors more often than less effective communicators. E. frequently rehearse about 20 behaviors until they get them right for any interaction. 8. Identity and communication are related in that we [4 pts.] A. gain an idea of who we are from the way others communicate with us. B. are drawn to communicators who test and challenge our identity. C. find others’ identities become our own through communication. D. control communication with our identity. 9. Which of the following is a channel for communication [4 pts.] A. touching B. writing C. gesturing D. talking E. all of the above 10. Relational dimensions of a message [4 pts.] A. are all that matter. B. make statements about how the parties feel toward one another. C. are usually expressed verbally rather than nonverbally. D. none of the above. 11. A self-fulfilling prophecy is [4 pts.] A. an accurate prediction about another’s behavior, based on background knowledge. B. a prediction about one’s own behavior, based on past experience. C. a prediction which affects the outcome of one’s own or another’s behavior. D. a mistaken prediction which fails to occur. 12. People who have low self-esteem [4 pts.] A. are likely to approve of others. B. perform well when being watched. C. work harder for critical people. D. expect to be rejected by others. E. had traumatic childhoods. Instruction: NOTE: I am aware that both B and C are duplicate responses. 13. People who have high self-esteem [4 pts.] A. expect to be accepted by others. B. have less of a need to work hard for people who demand high standards. C. have less of a need to work hard for people who demand high standards. D. are unable to defend themselves against negative comments. E. don’t perform well when being watched. 14. To qualify as self-disclosure, a statement must [4 pts.] A. involve feelings. B. be intentional, significant, and not otherwise known. C. be reciprocated by the same type of statement from a partner. D. involve intimate information. E. be shared privately. 15. An intimate relationship [4 pts.] A. may only exhibit one or two dimensions. B. can be achieved by sharing activities. C. can be created through exchanging important feelings. D. can come from exchanging ideas. E. all of these answer are correct. 16. Which of the following is most likely to account for your tendency to overlook the faults of your new romantic partner [4 pts.] A. gender roles B. occupational roles C. relational roles D. cultural roles 17. The Pillow Method is designed to [4 pts.] A. persuade someone to accept your viewpoint. B. settle a dispute. C. minimize an issue. D. gain insight into another’s viewpoint. E. punctuate the cause and effect of an argument. 18. In a low-context language culture, you will notice [4 pts.] A. indirect expression of opinions. B. use of silence admired. C. less reliance on explicit verbal messages. D. self-expression valued. E. ambiguity admired. 19. When we study semantic rules, we learn that [4 pts.] A. words mean a lot in and of themselves. B. understanding occurs as a result of users agreeing on the same meanings for words. C. words typically can be interpreted in only one way. D. meanings rest more in words than in the people who use them. 20. In cultures that stress formality in language, [4 pts.] A. using correct grammar is most important. B. language use defines social position. C. the people talk less. D. there are fewer real friendships. 21. A culture is unavoidably shaped and reflected by the language its members speak. This concept [4 pts.] A. high-context culture. B. low-context culture. C. cultural anthropology. D. linguistic relativism. E. cognitive determinism. 22. The nonverbal researchers cited in your text claim that, when we consider the actual meaning involved in communication situations, verbal messages [4 pts.] A. carry less meaning than nonverbal ones. B. carry more meaning than nonverbal ones. C. aren’t really listened to. D. are too full of nonverbal signals. E. define the communication situation. 23. Nonverbally, women _____________________ more than men. [4 pts.] A. make less eye contact B. smile less C. are less vocally expressive D. use more head, hand and arm gestures E. require more personal space 24. Studies of nonverbal posture behaviors have found that [4 pts.] A. we are generally unaware of posture. B. different facial expressions help posture interpretation. C. we should use unambiguous postural cues. D. tension and relaxation of muscles can indicate status differences. E. posture is not important to body image. 25. Your roommate gives the appearance of listening to you, but you can tell from her responses that her mind is elsewhere. You could call her listening style in this instance [4 pts.] A. stage hogging. B. insulated listening. C. pseudolistening. D. defensive listening. E. ambushing. 26. Which of the following is the best helping paraphrase response to the following statements? “I can’t stand that class! The lectures are a waste of time, and the tests are full of nitpicking questions. I’m not learning anything.†[4 pts.] A. “Sounds like you’re fed up with the class.†B. “Sounds like you’re thinking about dropping the class.†C. “Sounds like the class has nit-picking tests and is a waste of time.†D. “Sounds like you resent spending so much time on information you don’t consider useful.†E. “Sounds like you’re fed up with school.†27. “I think that the reason you’re so confused is that you’re trying to make everyone else happy and forgetting your own happiness.†This statement is what type of listening response? [4 pts.] A. supporting B. advising C. questioning D. paraphrasing E. analyzing 28. “I’m worried that you won’t follow through on your commitment†is an example of self-disclosure at which of the following levels [4 pts.] A. cliche B. fact C. feeling D. opinion E. interpretation 29. “Why don’t you go ahead and visit your friends without me this weekend. I’ll stick around and catch up on my studies.†This statement typifies which relational stage? [4 pts.] A. integrating B. differentiating C. bonding D. terminating E. intensifying 30. Which of the following does the text offer as a guideline for expressing emotions [4 pts.] A. The sooner a feeling is shared, the better. B. Try to avoid sharing negative feelings whenever possible. C. Share multiple feelings when appropriate. D. Let others know that they have caused you to feel a certain way. E. Try to avoid getting too emotional. PART . In interpersonal relationships, the rule is: The more self-disclosure the better. A. True B. False 2. Couples are happiest when their levels of openness are roughly equal. A. True B. False 3. The sensory data we receive are the same for all of us; perceptual differences occur only after we begin to process those data. A. True B. False 4. Of the communication models described in your text, the linear model most accurately describes the interpersonal communication process. A. True B. False 5. Just because we have revealed many different kinds of facts to another doesn’t mean that we have an intimate relationship. A. True B. False 6. An older professor who forgets what it was like to be a student when he teaches is an example of how differing environments in the classroom can make understanding difficult. A. True B. False 7. When we self-disclose to strangers, it is usually for reciprocity or impression formation. A. True B. False 8. Since we are the ones who experience reality, we have a complete idea of what that reality is. A. True B. False 9. Luckily, communication from others does not affect our self-concept. A. True B. False 10. Just as judges instruct juries to disregard some statements made in court, we can reverse or erase the effects of communication interactions in everyday life. A. True B. False 11. The text says that “counting to ten†applies to win-win problem solving. A. True B. False 12. We are not communicating when we remain silent. A. True B. False 13. Opinions of family members or teachers early in your life have little impact on the formation of your self-concept. A. True B. False 14. All communication behavior is aimed at making impressions. A. True B. False 15. Emotional expression is the only way to develop close relationships. A. True B. False 16. Managing your identity can be useful when you are meeting someone at a party for the first time. A. True B. False 17. Research has shown that mediated communication has had an overall negative effect on interpersonal relationships. A. True B. False 18. Communication, as the term is used in your text, consists only of messages that a sender deliberately conveys. A. True B. False 19. People with high self-esteem tend to disapprove of others more than people with low self-esteem. A. True B. False 20. Fortunately, just knowing about a communication skill makes us able to put it into practice. A. True B. False

Paper For Above instruction

Interpersonal communication forms the foundation of human relationships, encompassing various styles, perceptions, and behaviors. Understanding the conflict styles illustrated by Norman and Fredrick, as well as the dynamics of effective communication, self-disclosure, and cultural influences, is essential for fostering healthy interactions. This essay explores key concepts such as conflict management, message dimensions, identity, self-esteem, and cultural nuances that shape interpersonal relationships.

Conflict Styles and Communication Dynamics

Norman and Fredrick's frequent arguments exemplify a conflict style characterized by high intimacy and aggressive exchanges, aligning most closely with the "intimate-aggressive" style (Gottman, 1994). Their close friendship facilitates passionate arguments, which, while potentially destructive, can also serve as a form of emotional closeness when managed constructively (Vangelisti & Perlman, 2006). Rhonda and Collin's disagreement over their weekend routine demonstrates a symmetrical conflict pattern, where both parties mirror each other's irritation, leading to escalated tensions (Ting-Toomey, 2005). Recognizing these patterns enables individuals to adopt more constructive conflict resolution approaches (Johnson & Johnson, 2017).

The Nature of Messages and Communication Skills

Communication messages are multi-dimensional, comprising both content and relational aspects (Watzlawick et al., 1967). Content refers to the factual information conveyed, whereas relational messages express the nature of the relationship between communicators. Effective communicators are characterized by conscious awareness and skillfulness, allowing them to adapt behaviors fluidly and respond appropriately in varied situations (Burleson, 2003). High self-awareness and the ability to interpret verbal and nonverbal cues facilitate more nuanced and competent interactions.

Maslow's Hierarchy and Interpersonal Needs

Maslow’s hierarchy underscores the importance of meeting fundamental needs through communication (Maslow, 1943). As individuals progress from physiological needs to self-actualization, interpersonal communication enables the expression and fulfillment of each level—be it safety, belongingness, or esteem (Shin & Johnson, 2020). The need for meaningful connections and self-expression illustrates that communication is integral to human development and well-being.

Relationship Development and Self-Disclosure

Interpersonal relationships are more personal when characteristics such as frequency, proximity, and mutual importance are present (Altman & Taylor, 1973). Sharing personal feelings and ideas through self-disclosure fosters intimacy and trust, provided it occurs appropriately and reciprocally (Derlega & Grzelak, 2020). The depth of disclosure often correlates with the closeness and stability of relationships, highlighting the delicate balance between openness and privacy.

Cultural Influences and Nonverbal Communication

Cultural norms significantly influence language use and nonverbal behaviors. In low-context cultures, explicit verbal messages and self-expression are valued, whereas high-context cultures rely more on indirect cues and shared understandings (Hall, 1976). Nonverbal cues—such as eye contact, gestures, posture—serve as vital conveyors of meaning, often surpassing verbal messages in importance (Burgoon et al., 2016). Women generally exhibit more expressive nonverbal behaviors, such as smiling and head gestures, which play a crucial role in establishing relational closeness (Carli, 2001).

Perceptions and Self-Concept

Self-perception and identity are shaped through communication, where others' responses inform our view of ourselves (Gecas & Schwalbe, 1983). Self-disclosure enhances understanding of one’s identity, but misconceptions or selective sharing can distort self-concept (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Maintaining a positive self-image involves managing how we present ourselves and interpret others’ responses, especially in new interactions like parties or professional settings (Leary & Kowalski, 1990).

Conflict Resolution and Emotional Management

The Pillow Method exemplifies a constructive technique for resolving conflicts by encouraging perspective-taking and empathy (Johnson, 2006). When expressing emotions, it is advisable to share feelings promptly and appropriately, avoiding suppression or over-communication of negative emotions (Sullivan & Rumsey, 2018). Recognizing and appropriately managing emotions fosters relationship stability and mutual understanding.

Self-Esteem and Communication Behavior

Individuals with low self-esteem tend to expect rejection, which can influence their communication patterns, often leading to self-fulfilling prophecies (Rosenberg, 1965). Conversely, high self-esteem supports more confident, assertive interactions, facilitating healthier relations and effective self-presentation (Baumeister et al., 2003). These self-perceptions dynamically influence interpersonal exchanges and the development of intimacy.

Cultural and Theoretical Models of Communication

The linear communication model, though simplistic, does not fully capture the complexity of interpersonal exchanges, which are often transactional and context-dependent (Barnlund, 2008). Language styles, including formal versus informal, reflect societal norms and status, influencing relational dynamics (Hall, 1976). Linguistic relativism argues that language shapes thought and, consequently, cultural behavior (Whorf, 1956). Recognizing these influences helps in navigating diverse communicative contexts.

Conclusion

Effective interpersonal communication involves understanding conflict styles, message dimensions, self-awareness, and cultural norms. Recognizing the importance of self-disclosure, managing emotions, and adapting to different cultural contexts enhances relationship quality. Future research should explore emerging mediated communication channels and their impact on interpersonal dynamics, emphasizing the continual evolution of human interaction in a digital age.

References

• Altman, I., & Taylor, D. A. (1973). Social penetration: The development of interpersonal relationships. Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
• Barnlund, D. C. (2008). A transactional model of communication. In C. R. Berger & M. E. Roloff (Eds.), Media and communication research methods (pp. 47–59). SAGE Publications.
• Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (2003). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4(2), 91–106.
• Burleson, B. R. (2003). The supportive role of nonverbal communication. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 20(1), 102–113.
• Burgoon, J. K., Guerrero, L., & Floyd, K. (201