Create A Table No Credit Using Word Or PowerPoint
Create Atableno Table No Creditusingword Or Powerpointto Outline
Create a table (no table = no credit) using Word or PowerPoint to outline/describe the major organic and inorganic molecules required for life. Make sure to include Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Water, Electrolytes, Acids, and Bases. The table is mostly up to you on what to include. However, for each I suggest you at least include: 1) the micromolecules (when applicable) 2) the macromolecules (when applicable) 3) examples 4) where you would find them 5) basic characteristics 6) basic functions and/or importance Upload the DOC, DOCX, PPT, or PPTX here. Only these file types will be accepted.
Paper For Above instruction
Introduction
Understanding the fundamental molecules essential for life is crucial for comprehending biological processes. These molecules can be broadly categorized into organic molecules—such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids—and inorganic molecules like water, electrolytes, acids, and bases. Each category plays vital roles in maintaining life processes, structure, communication, and energy transfer within organisms. The following table offers a comprehensive outline of these molecules, highlighting their key features, examples, locations within the body, and functional significance.
Table of Major Organic and Inorganic Molecules Necessary for Life
| Category | Micromolecules | Macromolecules | Examples | Where Found | Basic Characteristics | Functions and Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | Monosaccharides: glucose, fructose | Disaccharides: sucrose, lactosePolysaccharides: starch, glycogen, cellulose | Glucose, sucrose, starch | Plant and animal tissues, blood, liver, muscles | Hydrophilic, water-soluble; energy-rich; quick source of energy | Primary energy source; structural component in cell walls (cellulose); energy storage (glycogen, starch) |
| Lipids | Fatty acids, glycerol | Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids | Fatty acids, cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine | Cell membranes, adipose tissue, hormones | Hydrophobic or amphipathic; insoluble in water; energy-dense | Energy storage, cell membrane structure, signaling molecules (hormones like steroids) |
| Proteins | Amino acids (20 essential and non-essential amino acids) | Polypeptides (protein chains) | Hemoglobin, insulin, collagen | All body tissues, blood plasma, enzymes | Contain nitrogen; diverse structures; highly versatile | Structural support, enzymatic catalysis, transport, immune response, signaling |
| Nucleic Acids | Nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil) | DNA and RNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) | Cell nucleus, mitochondria, cytoplasm | Water-soluble; form double helix or single strands; contain genetic information | Store and transmit genetic information; control cellular activities |
| Water | - | - | H₂O | Throughout the body, cytoplasm, blood plasma, extracellular fluid | Universal solvent; high specific heat; maintains temperature; facilitates biochemical reactions | Body temperature regulation; medium for metabolic reactions; transportation of nutrients and waste |
| Electrolytes | - | - | Sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride ions | Blood, intracellular and extracellular fluids | Ions with charge; soluble in water; conduct electrical impulses | Maintain osmotic balance and pH; facilitate nerve impulses and muscle contraction |
| Acids and Bases | - | - | Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) | Gastric juice, bodily fluids | pH 7: bases; strong or weak | Regulate pH levels; participate in digestion, metabolic reactions, and homeostasis |
Conclusion
In summary, the complex web of molecules that sustain life encompasses both organic and inorganic compounds, each with specific structures, functions, and locations. Carbohydrates provide quick and stored energy, lipids serve energy storage and structural roles, proteins perform a vast array of functions including catalysis and support, and nucleic acids carry genetic information. Water acts as the medium for life-sustaining biochemical reactions, while electrolytes and pH balance maintain homeostasis. Recognizing these molecules and their roles highlights the intricate biochemical foundation of living organisms and underscores the importance of their proper function for health and survival.
References
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- Berg, J. M., Tymoczko, J. L., Gatto, G. J., & Stryer, L. (2015). Biochemistry (8th ed.). W.H. Freeman.
- Campbell, M. K., & Farrell, S. O. (2014). Biochemistry (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
- Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Morgan, D., Raff, M., Roberts, K., & Walter, P. (2014). Molecular Biology of the Cell (6th ed.). Garland Science.
- Kaushik, S., & Saha, P. (2020). The role of lipids in cell physiology and disease. Journal of Lipid Research, 61(4), 557-576.
- Murphy, K. (2016). Janeway's Immunobiology (9th ed.). Garland Science.
- Rudolph, R. H., Rudolph, A. M., & Rudolph, T. B. (2019). Cardiovascular Physiology. Elsevier.
- Raven, P. H., Johnson, G. B., Mason, K. A., & Losos, J. B. (2018). Biology (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
- Goodman, J. M. (2014). Lipid biochemistry. In Lipids (pp. 231-261). Springer.
- Pennington, C., & Neiderer, A. (2021). Fundamentals of Human Anatomy and Physiology. Pearson.