Create A Table No Table No Credit Using Word Or PowerPoint ✓ Solved

Create Atable No Table No Creditusingword Or Powerpointto Outline

Create a table (no table = no credit) using Word or PowerPoint to outline/describe the major structures of the central nervous system. Type your work.... no hand-writing . The table is mostly up to on what to include. However, for each structure I suggest you include how to identify it, the function(s), what happens if damaged, and any other pertinent details you think will help you understand that structure. 11 Brain Structures to Include : cerebrum (cortex, white matter); basal nuclei; diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland); limbic system; brain stem (medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, reticular formation); cerebellum Spinal Cord Structures to Include : gray matter horns; white matter columns; spinal nerve; roots; central canal Upload the DOC, DOCX, PPT, or PPTX here. Only these file types will be accepted. NO PICTURES! A picture in Word or PowerPoint is still a picture, and will not be accepted. Your submission will be checked for plagiarism, so while collaboration can happen, make sure to submit your own work. Do not use the online version of Word/PowerPoint or Google Docs/Slides to write this and then submit because it may not submit correctly and may not open. Make sure you do not have information that goes beyond the margins of the document.... it will not show up when submitted, when printed, or when presented.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

The central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord, which coordinate sensory information and motor responses. Understanding its major structures, their functions, how to identify them, and the consequences of damage is vital in neuroscience and clinical practice. This paper provides an outline of the primary structures within the CNS, along with their identification methods, roles, and potential impairments.

Major Structures of the Brain

Cerebrum

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Largest brain part; divided into lobes; contains cortex and white matter Perception, voluntary movement, reasoning, memory, consciousness Stroke, traumatic injury; impairments in movement, cognition, emotional regulation Cerebral cortex is the outer gray matter, involved in high-level functions; white matter facilitates communication between regions

Basal Nuclei

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Clustered gray matter deep within the cerebrum Regulate voluntary movement, motor control, procedural learning Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease; tremors, movement disorders Interacts with the cerebellum and cortex to coordinate movement

Diencephalon

Thalamus

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Deep gray matter, bilateral structures located near the center of the brain Relay station for sensory information; consciousness SAS (sensory pathway disruptions); coma, sensory deficits Connected to many regions, filters sensory input before it reaches cortex

Hypothalamus

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Small, bilateral gray area below the thalamus Regulates autonomic functions, hormone production, emotions, hunger, thirst Endocrine disorders, metabolic imbalances Controls pituitary gland activity; vital for homeostasis

Pineal Gland

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Small endocrine gland near the center of the brain Produces melatonin; regulates sleep-wake cycles Sleep disorders, seasonal affective disorder Influenced by light exposure; part of the epithalamus

Limbic System

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Network of structures including hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus Emotion regulation, memory formation, motivation Memory impairment, emotional disturbances Integral to survival behaviors and emotional processing

Brain Stem Structures

Medulla Oblongata

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Lowest part of brainstem, continuous with spinal cord Vital functions: heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure Respiratory failure, cardiovascular collapse Contains centers for reflexes such as swallowing and coughing

Pons

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Part of brainstem above the medulla, anterior to the cerebellum Relays signals between cerebellum and cerebrum, regulates breathing Cognitive deficits, respiratory problems Contains nuclei for sleep, respiration, taste, and facial sensations

Midbrain

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Superior part of brainstem, above pons Vision, hearing, motor control, alertness Visual or auditory deficits, movement disorders Contains superior and inferior colliculi

Reticular Formation

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Diffuse network of neurons within the brainstem Regulates sleep-wake cycle, consciousness, alertness Persistent coma, sleep disorders Integrates sensory input to maintain awareness

Cerebellum

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Located at the back of the brain, below occipital lobes Coordination of voluntary movements, balance, posture Ataxia, tremors, imbalance Receives input from sensory systems and the motor cortex

Spinal Cord Structures

Gray Matter Horns

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
H-shaped gray area in cross-section of spinal cord Contains neuron cell bodies for sensory and motor functions Spinal cord injury, paralysis, loss of sensation Divided into dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor) horns

White Matter Columns

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Surrounds gray horns, consists of myelinated axons Transmit sensory information to brain, carry motor commands Loss of sensation, motor deficits Divided into dorsal, lateral, and ventral columns

Spinal Nerve

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Paired nerves emerging from spinal cord roots Transmit sensory and motor information between body and CNS Nerve damage leading to numbness or paralysis Formed from dorsal and ventral roots

Roots

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Dorsal root (sensory), ventral root (motor) Carry sensory inputs and motor outputs Root injury causing loss of sensation or motor function Part of spinal nerve formation

Central Canal

Identification Function(s) Damaged Causes & Effects Additional Details
Centered within the spinal cord Contains cerebrospinal fluid; supports and nourishes the spinal cord Cyst formation or blockage; cord compression Continuous with the ventricular system of the brain

Conclusion

Understanding the complex structures of the CNS is essential for recognizing their functions, ways to identify them, and the implications of their damage. Accurate knowledge facilitates better diagnosis, treatment, and research in neurological disorders.

References

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