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Imagine you are an American diplomat in 1970. You are part of a team sent to a strategic Third World country in hopes of making an alliance. Soviet diplomats have been there before you and have suggested to the leaders of this Third World country that the United States should not be trusted as a partner because of how Americans treat their own minority populations. You have been asked to provide a formal, written rebuttal to the Soviet claims. After giving the matter some thought, you have decided to base your rebuttal on key changes in both foreign and domestic policy over the past 50 years to convince this Third World country to join with the Americans as allies in the Cold War. You realize that you cannot simply "sugarcoat" things and be believable, therefore you plan to provide a thoughtful response that does admit inequities in American society in addition to discussing ongoing changes and positive policies.

Note 1: Successful responses will consider a broad range of evidence in support of arguments. Take a few moments to consider how you would respond by making a list of both "good" and "bad" aspects of American society and policy. When looking at the "good," ask yourself why they are good for the purposes of this rebuttal, how would non-Americans perceive things? When looking at the "bad" (which is what the Soviets used against us in the Cold War, as well as the Nazis in WWII, as propaganda), consider change over time. Are there groups working toward ameliorating the bad? Are public policy changes taking place, even if at a slow pace? Or is nothing being done? Admitting injustices while discussing efforts at reform may be enough to sway someone to your side. One way to organize would be along the lines of first discussing domestic socio-economic issues, followed by domestic political issues, and finally foreign policies in the era under discussion. Remember that each of these elements of the overall argument would have its own paragraph and thesis (the rule of three)

Note 2: This is a real-life situation, there was a fight for the hearts and minds of the world. The Cold War is an ideological (and sometimes hot) battle over two socio-economic/political systems and 1970 is in the heart of the Cold War. Who will be the victor was not yet clear. Most of the Third World nations courted by the United States were not European, therefore how the US treated minorities would be a cause for concern. But these nations would also have very real geopolitical considerations beyond American domestic policy to consider. The Soviet propaganda was meant as a wedge. Also remember that no nation or society is perfect, that is not what you are arguing here. In your persona as a diplomat from 1970, you are giving an honest assessment of the US, warts and all, in hopes of gaining an ally. *You will need to use an analytical writing style in this class. The basic form of analytical writing utilizes the "Rule of Three." Simply, there should be at least three key points/pieces of evidence in a piece of writing introduced by a strong clear thesis. This is a 2-3 page essay length assignment. Your paper should begin with an Introduction which sets the prompt in the historical context, the LAST sentence of the intro paragraph is the thesis statement which lists the (minimum of) three points (X,Y,Z) that will be more fully developed in the paper.

The first paragraph of the body (paragraph 2) would discuss key point X (this paragraph would have its own thesis as the first sentence, followed by three pieces of evidence/analysis in support), then a paragraph on Y, and finally one on Z. An essay ends with a conclusion paragraph - which sums up the argument you made and ties X, Y, and Z together. The conclusion is NOT the place to introduce new arguments or evidence. So Rule of Three means three key points in a thesis, a body with three paragraphs (one for each of your key points), each paragraph has a thesis supported by three key pieces of evidence. Followed by a conclusion.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

In 1970, amidst the Cold War tensions, the United States sought to demonstrate its capacity for reform and inclusivity to bolster its international image, especially in the eyes of Third World nations. While acknowledging historical shortcomings—particularly regarding minority rights—the United States had made significant strides in domestic and foreign policy that underscored its commitment to change and progress. This paper will examine three main points: the evolution of civil rights and social justice policies (Point X), efforts to improve foreign relations and promote global stability (Point Y), and ongoing domestic political reforms aimed at greater representation (Point Z). These areas collectively illustrate that despite past flaws, recent developments reveal a nation committed to moral and political renewal, making the American alliance an advantageous partnership for Third World countries during the Cold War era.

Domestic Civil Rights and Social Justice Reforms (Point X)

The first point emphasizes the substantial progress made in civil rights and social justice, reflecting America's recognition of its internal flaws and its efforts to address them. Since the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964, the U.S. government has instituted numerous policies aimed at combating racial discrimination and promoting equality. For example, the Civil Rights Act dismantled segregation and outlawed discrimination based on race, creed, or national origin. Additionally, measures like affirmative action programs were introduced to provide minorities with greater access to education and employment. Internationally, the U.S. has emphasized its ideology of freedom and equality, highlighting these domestic reforms in diplomatic discourse to counter Soviet propaganda about racial injustice. While systemic inequalities persisted, ongoing efforts—such as community organizing and judicial rulings—demonstrated a clear trajectory toward greater fairness, reinforcing the idea that America was moving toward national reconciliation and social justice.

Foreign Policy Advancements and Global Stability (Point Y)

The second point pertains to significant foreign policy initiatives that reflect America's commitment to global stability and development, countering Soviet narratives of American selfishness. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, the U.S. engaged in efforts like the Apollo program, symbolizing technological prowess and peaceable scientific competition. Moreover, the Nixon Doctrine and subsequent initiatives emphasized aiding allied countries through economic and military support rather than direct military intervention. These policies were designed to build stronger alliances with developing nations, fostering economic growth and political stability. Programs such as food aid, development assistance, and support for national sovereignty demonstrated a shift toward partnership and cooperation, reinforcing America’s image as a leader committed to global progress rather than exploitation. By promoting economic development and self-reliance, the U.S. sought to demonstrate that it stood for fostering prosperity worldwide, a stark contrast to Soviet imperialism.

Domestic Political Reforms and Enhanced Representation (Point Z)

The third point addresses ongoing domestic political reforms aimed at increasing representation and participation among marginalized groups. The 1960s marked a period of intense political activism, culminating in policies such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which eliminated barriers such as literacy tests and poll taxes that disenfranchised racial minorities. These reforms aimed to democratize American politics, allowing previously marginalized populations greater influence and voice. Furthermore, the rise of civil rights leaders and minority representatives in Congress underscored the political integration of different social groups. Though challenges remained, the fact that American society was actively engaging with and attempting to rectify its political inequities demonstrated its capacity for self-correction and a commitment to egalitarian principles. For Third World nations, these domestic reforms serve as evidence of America's evolving moral standing and willingness to align with nations striving for social justice.

Conclusion

In sum, while acknowledging past shortcomings—particularly regarding minority treatment—the United States had undertaken significant domestic and foreign reforms by 1970 that showcased a nation striving for fairness, stability, and mutual prosperity. Advances in civil rights demonstrated a commitment to social justice; foreign policy initiatives reflected a focus on global development and stability; and political reforms indicated a willingness to enhance fairness within society. These developments collectively underscore America's dedication to progress and make it a trustworthy partner in the Cold War effort, providing a compelling counterpoint to Soviet propaganda that sought to undermine America’s moral authority.

References

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