Develop A 3 To 4 Slide Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation

Develop a 3 To 4slide Microsoftpowerpointpresentation To Discuss Each

Develop a 3 to 4slide Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation to discuss each of the points listed. Discuss the following from the biopsychosocial perspective, using the Week Four Assignment Scenario . APA Format Scenario is included to due slides Include OBJECTIVE & Speaker notes Discuss Wendy's most critical biological concerns and risk factors. How would this be conceptualized using the life course perspective, including age-related aspects of health and illness? Patricia Describe Wendy's psychological functioning. Which existing conditions, symptoms, issues, or concerns would your team want to investigate more thoroughly? Patricia How is Wendy functioning socially? How might her biological and psychological conditions contribute to or be influenced by her social functioning? Patricia THIS THE SCENARIO: Context: Wendy was seen for evaluation at a pain treatment center. You are members of the behavioral health team, charged with developing a biopsychosocial evaluation. This should not be a treatment plan, but an assessment of the person’s current problems and level of functioning based on the information provided. Personal Information: Wendy is a 51-year old Caucasian female who has been married for 24 years, with two grown children living in different states. Current Problems: Wendy has complained of pain in various parts of her body for over 20 years. Major areas of pain include the neck, shoulders, and upper back, as well as her knees and calves. The pain is bilateral and intensity has increased lately. It is ongoing throughout the day, but is worse when she is active and is reduced when she sits in a reclined position or lies in a supine position. She rates her pain on a 0-10 scale as 7-9 when she is active and 4-6 when she rests. She also has restricted sleep and a history of gastrointestinal pain. She has consulted with many pain specialists, but only recently was diagnosed with fibromyalgia. She is currently taking a low dose of the opioid pain medication Vicodin, which she claims “helps somewhat.” She has never tried physical therapy, or any complementary therapies such as acupuncture, yoga, or biofeedback. Psychosocial Data: Wendy was born and raised in the Midwest. Both parents are alive and live close to her. She describes her childhood and adolescence in a positive way, aside from several instances of sexual abuse involving her uncle. The incidents involved unwelcome touching when she was 7 or 8 years old, but she is unclear about any details. She never revealed this to her parents. She has a high school education and completed 1 year of college. Her marriage is close and her husband is supportive, as are her children and parents. She has worked full-time as an administrative assistant, employed by the same company for 21 years. Recently, she has been forced to work part-time, primarily due to her chronic pain. Her spouse works full-time. Appearance and Behavior: Wendy is a slightly overweight woman who looks about her stated age. She walks in a guarded manner and sits slowly. She is neatly dressed with good hygiene. Her speech is slowed. She exhibits some pain behaviors, including occasional grimacing, rubbing her neck, and shifting position in the chair. Her spouse was seen with her and he claims he will do anything he can to help her pain. He prepares all of their meals, shops, and cleans the house which, in addition to his regular employment, he claims keeps him “very busy.” Psychological Profile: Wendy has never received any mental health evaluation or treatment. She and her spouse are devout Christians and she states, “I have a lot of people praying for me, and that’s all the therapy I need.” Her mental status appears anxious and mildly depressed, based on her statements about how much she has grown to fear her pain. She does not have good insight about the connection between her pain and her emotional state. Several friends have mentioned that she only talks about her pain, so conversation is difficult. Behavioral Health Data: Wendy has a normal appetite and has gained “about 25 pounds” in the past 5 years. She states that, “with this pain, sometimes food is my only friend.” Sleep patterns are poor. She was evaluated at a sleep disorder center for sleep apnea several years ago and her average amount of restorative sleep is less than 4 hours per night. She does not use alcohol or smoke. Her level of activity is quite low, and even with her part-time work, she moves very little. She has no regular exercise pattern “because it hurts to do almost anything.” When she is not working, she is typically sitting, watching TV, or reading.

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction: The biopsychosocial model provides a comprehensive framework to assess and understand Wendy's complex health and psychological profile. By integrating biological, psychological, and social factors, this approach facilitates a holistic understanding of her current health issues, especially her chronic pain and associated conditions.

Biological Concerns and Risk Factors

Wendy's primary biological concern is her long-standing chronic pain, particularly diagnosed recently as fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and tender points, which aligns with Wendy's presentation (Clauw, 2014). Her history of gastrointestinal pain and recent weight gain suggest additional biological considerations such as metabolic disturbances or hypersensitivity of the nervous system (Arnold et al., 2016). Her age (51) is significant, as prevalence of fibromyalgia increases with age, and age-related changes can exacerbate her pain perception and limit physical activity (Clauw, 2014). Moreover, her sleep disturbances and poor sleep quality may intensify her pain experience, creating a vicious cycle (Roehrs & Roth, 2001).

Life Course Perspective and Age-Related Aspects

Using the life course perspective, Wendy’s biological concerns can be viewed as cumulative, with factors like chronic pain, sleep deprivation, and weight gain developing gradually over time (Elder et al., 2012). Her early childhood sexual abuse, although not directly biological, has potential long-term biological implications, such as dysregulation of stress response systems, which may influence her pain sensitivity and emotional regulation (Heim & Nemeroff, 2001). As she ages, physiological changes like decreased hormone production, muscle mass reduction, and altered pain processing pathways contribute to the severity and persistence of her symptoms (Clauw, 2014).

Psychological Functioning

Wendy’s psychological profile reveals anxiety and mild depression, compounded by her fear of pain and limited insight into the pain-emotional connection. Her avoidance of treatment modalities and reliance on prayer for healing reflect a spiritual coping style that may serve as a source of comfort but could also hinder seeking comprehensive mental health care (Vieten et al., 2018). The limited mental health evaluation in her history points to a potential under-recognized psychological comorbidity, such as post-traumatic stress from childhood abuse, which could exacerbate her pain perception and emotional distress (Miller & Feltner, 2012).

Further Investigation of Psychological Concerns

Further assessment should explore her current level of anxiety and depression, her coping mechanisms, and her understanding of the pain-emotional link. Screening for trauma-related disorders, resilience, and psychological flexibility could inform targeted interventions. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) might be beneficial in developing adaptive coping strategies and reducing catastrophic thinking associated with chronic pain (Williams et al., 2012).

Social Functioning

Wendy’s social functioning is characterized by a supportive family environment, a stable marriage, and longstanding employment, indicating relatively strong social ties. However, her social interactions are limited to her pain-related conversations, and her physical limitations restrict participation in social activities. Her husband's extensive caregiving role may lead to caregiver strain, impacting both their social dynamics (Pearlin et al., 1990). Her reliance on religious support reflects adaptive spiritual coping but may also reduce her engagement with broader social or mental health services (Vieten et al., 2018).

Impact of Biological and Psychological Conditions on Social Functioning

The physical restrictions from her pain likely contribute to social withdrawal and reduced participation in activities. Her anxiety and depression may impair social interactions further, leading to social isolation. Conversely, her social support system could buffer psychological distress, highlighting the importance of strengthening social networks and integrating social support into her care (House, 1981). Addressing her psychological resilience and fostering social engagement could ameliorate some of her functional limitations.

Conclusion

A biopsychosocial assessment of Wendy reveals interrelated biological, psychological, and social factors that perpetuate her chronic pain and affect her overall functioning. Effective management should involve multidisciplinary strategies that address pain management, psychological support, and social integration, tailored to her life course and age-related changes.

References

• Arnold, L. M., Crofford, L. J., Mease, P. J., et al. (2016). Fibromyalgia management guidelines: Consensus recommendations. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 91(2), 146-161.
• Clauw, D. J. (2014). Fibromyalgia: A clinical review. JAMA, 311(15), 1547–1555.
• Elder, G. H., Johnson, M. K., & Crosnoe, R. (2012). The emergence and development of life course theory. Handbook of Theories of Aging, 1, 3–20.
• Heim, C., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2001). The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: Preclinical and clinical studies. Biological Psychiatry, 49(12), 1023-1039.
• House, J. S. (1981). Work, stress, and social support. Addison-Wesley.
• Miller, K. E., & Feltner, D. E. (2012). Evaluation and management of fibromyalgia. American Family Physician, 85(11), 1078–1086.
• Pearlin, L. I., Lieberman, M. A., Mullan, J. T., et al. (1990). Caregiver burden. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 45(4), S181-S187.
• Roehrs, T., & Roth, T. (2001). Sleep and pain: A review of the literature. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 5(4), 285–296.
• Williams, A. C. de C., Eccleston, C., & Morley, S. (2012). Psychological therapies for chronic pain management in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (11), CD007407.