Discussion Post Questions On The Great Migration And Civil W

Discussion Post Questions on The Great Migration and Civil Rights Tactics

Hellolisted Below Are 2 Discussion Post W The Questions To Be Comple

Hello, Listed below are 2 discussion post w/ the questions to be completed and the resource links for each post. Discussion #11: The Great Migration Engage : All relevant resources including "The Piano Lesson," "Malcolm X: Make it Plain," (Optional: F&H Chapters 15, 16, 17, 12, 13, 14)" Consider the various ways millions of Black individuals and families took matters in their own hands, without “leaders," and migrated/moved out of the South to the North and urban areas, from World War I era through the modern civil rights period. Also, consider those who moved/migrated from the Caribbean and Africa to settle in the U.S. Answer the following questions (with a fully developed paragraph per question/answer): -How would you define or describe the American "Great Migration" movement; and what were some of the motivations or reasons for this ‘demographic shift’ of many African Americans out of the South? -What were at least 1 specific or general “push” and 1 "pull" factor which motivated the Great Migration of many African Americans out of the rural south? -What are at least 2 Great Migration themes in August Wilson's "The Piano Lesson" play/film; (what pull and/or push factors do you see illustrated/demonstrated in the play/film)? -As a tactical approach, to solve real problems/challenges, would you say the "leaderless" Great Migration movement was a tactic of accommodation, radical-protest, and/or nationalism; how so specifically? -After exploring dynamics of the Great Migration, what are you left wondering about; what questions are left unanswered; and why? (Mandatory!) Resources: file:///C:/Users/sigmonl/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge_8wekyb3d8bbwe/TempState/Downloads/STUDY_GUIDE_Piano_Lesson_A_Wilson%20(1).pdf F & H chapters PPT - Discussion #12: Modern Civil Rights Tactics Engage: All relevant unit resource; including “Malcolm X: Make it Plain” documentary, (F&H 19, 20 & 21) Consider the use of classical leadership tactics/approaches (accommodation, radical-protest and nationalism) to win the modern Civil Rights (s) and Black Power () achievements (i.e., 1954 Brown v. Board of Ed. Supreme Court ruling; 1964 Civil Rights Act, 1965 Voting Rights Act, ...the creation of Black Studies, Afrocentricity, Hip-hop, etc.) And compare the effectiveness of each. In essay format, answer the following questions (a full paragraph for each question/answer with supportive resource details): -Prior to the 1950-'60s modern civil rights/Black Power movement, which one or more of the leadership/organizational/movement tactics (accommodation, radical-protest and nationalism) was most effective in the fight against racist oppression (lynching, denied opportunity, etc.)? -What are some specific examples of how accommodation, radical-protest and/or nationalism tactics were used in the Modern (1950s-'60s) Civil Rights movement (Montgomery Bus Boycott, Emmett Till's funeral, SNCC, SCLC, March on Washington, etc.)? -What was the most important achievement of the modern Civil Rights movement (i.e., voter registration, school desegregation, Civil Rights Act of 1964; Voting Rights Act of 1965, etc.) and how was this achievement attained? -What was the most important achievement of the Black Power movement (i.e., Black Studies, Kwanzaa, Black Panther Party Programs, African cultural revival, etc); by what tactic was this success attained? -Having explored tactics and achievements of the modern Civil Rights and Black Power movements, what wonderments remain; what questions remain unanswered in your mind and why? (Mandatory!) Resources: file:///C:/Users/sigmonl/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge_8wekyb3d8bbwe/TempState/Downloads/STUDY_GUIDE_Modern_Civil_Rights%20(1).pdf file:///C:/Users/sigmonl/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge_8wekyb3d8bbwe/TempState/Downloads/Civil+Rights+Movement__%20(1).pdf F & H chapters PPT - Thanks

Paper For Above instruction

The American "Great Migration" represents a significant demographic shift in U.S. history, characterized by the mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North and West, primarily between the early 20th century through the Civil Rights era. This migration was driven by various push and pull factors. Push factors included the oppressive economic conditions, racial violence, disenfranchisement, and limited educational and employment opportunities in the South. Conversely, pull factors encompassed the promise of better economic opportunities, escape from racial violence and segregation, and the prospect of political and social mobility in northern urban centers. This movement fundamentally reshaped the African American community, fostering new cultural expressions and political activism, but also presenting new challenges of integration and inequality in urban settings.

A specific "push" factor motivating the Great Migration was the prevalence of racial violence and lynching in the South, which created a climate of fear and insecurity for Black families. An example is the widespread violence during the Jim Crow era, which made life dangerous and unsustainable. A "pull" factor was the availability of industrial jobs in Northern cities like Chicago, Detroit, and New York, where companies actively recruited Black workers. These economic opportunities, combined with the relative absence of institutionalized racial segregation compared to the South, attracted many African Americans seeking a better life. These factors are vividly illustrated in August Wilson’s "The Piano Lesson," where themes of displacement, economic aspiration, and racial oppression manifest. For instance, the characters' desire for financial stability and escape from historical trauma mirror the motivations for migration, while the push from systemic racism is reflected in their struggles against racial and economic barriers.

The Great Migration movement can be characterized as a form of leaderless, grassroots agency, although it also involved collective community efforts. As a tactical approach, it incorporated elements of accommodation—seeking employment opportunities and social mobility within existing structures—and radical protest, as seen in community-led resistance to racial violence and segregation. While nationalism was less overt as a tactic, the movement fostered a collective identity rooted in resilience and cultural pride. The absence of centralized leadership did not diminish its effectiveness; instead, it demonstrated a strategic adaptation, empowering individuals and communities to take control of their destinies without reliance on prominent figures, exemplifying a tactical form of self-determination.

After exploring the dynamics of the Great Migration, some questions remain regarding the long-term impacts of this demographic shift. For example, how did the influx of Black Americans into northern cities influence racial politics and economic disparities in those regions? Additionally, what were the environmental and social consequences of such a large-scale migration on urban infrastructure and community cohesion? Understanding these unresolved issues can offer deeper insights into ongoing racial inequalities and the legacy of the Great Migration, highlighting the need for continued research into these areas.

Paper For Above instruction

The strategies employed during the modern Civil Rights Movement reveal a complex interplay of leadership tactics—accommodation, radical-protest, and nationalism—each contributing uniquely to achieving racial equality. Prior to the 1950s and 1960s, radical protest methods, such as direct action campaigns and civil disobedience, proved highly effective. For instance, the Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955–1956), initiated by Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her bus seat, exemplifies militant resistance to segregation. The protests were designed to challenge unjust laws directly, bringing national attention to racial injustice and forcing legislative change. Similarly, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) employed grassroots activism and confrontational tactics to push for voting rights and school desegregation, highlighting the potency of radical protest in mobilizing the Black community against systemic oppression.

Specific examples of these tactics abound in the movement's history. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, achieved largely through organized protests and political pressure, outlawed racial discrimination in hiring, education, and public accommodations. The Voting Rights Act of 1965, fueled by grassroots campaigning and mass protests like the Selma marches, targeted racial disenfranchisement. On the other hand, accommodation strategies—such as legal challenges to segregation and lobbying—played a crucial role in litigating changes within the existing political framework. The approach of balancing protest with negotiation proved effective in achieving tangible gains while avoiding violent backlash, indicating the nuanced efficacy of these tactics in different contexts.

The most significant achievement of the modern Civil Rights movement was the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which marked a turning point in legal equality. This legislation was attained through extensive activism, including mass protests, legal challenges, and political negotiations, demonstrating the power of collective action and strategic litigation. Equally important was the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which eliminated barriers like literacy tests and poll taxes that disenfranchised Black voters. These legislative victories not only dismantled legal segregation but also laid the groundwork for subsequent social justice reforms.

The Black Power movement's most impactful achievement was the cultural and ideological affirmation of Black identity through initiatives like Black Studies programs, the Black Panther Party, and African cultural revivals like Kwanzaa. These efforts fostered racial pride, community empowerment, and a sense of self-determination among Black populations. The Black Panther Party's community programs, such as free health clinics and education initiatives, exemplify the use of militant self-reliance and direct action tactics. These strategies promoted Black empowerment beyond legislative change, influencing cultural and social paradigms that persist today. This shift demonstrates how the Black Power movement complemented the legislative successes of the Civil Rights era by fostering a sense of agency and cultural sovereignty among Black Americans.

Despite these accomplishments, several questions remain unresolved. How sustainable are the gains achieved through legal and cultural activism in addressing ongoing racial disparities? What strategies are most effective in combating economic inequality, which remains entrenched despite legal protections? Furthermore, how do contemporary movements integrate these historical tactics to confront new forms of racial injustice? These inquiries are vital for understanding the trajectory of racial activism and for designing future strategies aimed at achieving true equality and justice in American society. Continued research into these areas is essential for unpacking the complex legacy of the Civil Rights and Black Power movements and their relevance in today's social landscape.

References

• Branch, T. (1988). Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63. Simon & Schuster.
• Carson, C. (2003). In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s. Harvard University Press.
• Davis, A. Y. (1972). Women, Race & Class. Vintage Books.
• Foner, P. S. (2014). Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad. W. W. Norton & Company.
• Gates, H. L., & Curti, D. (2016). The African American History: A Documentary and Reference Guide. ABC-CLIO.
• King, M. L. (1963). Letter from Birmingham Jail. The Atlantic.
• Morris, A. (1984). The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement. Free Press.
• Ransby, B. (2018). Making All Black Lives Matter: Reimagining Black Power. University of California Press.
• Sitkoff, H. (2008). The Struggle for Black Equality. Hill and Wang.
• Woodard, R. (2014). The Radical King. Cambridge University Press.