Disease Template: Primary Diagnosis As Specified By I 895942

Disease Templateprimary Diagnosis As Specified By Ins

Primary Diagnosis: ______________ (as specified by instructor)

Complete Pathophysiology: The pathophysiology of the disease involves complex biological processes that disrupt normal physiological functions. For instance, in cases of cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis leads to narrowing of coronary arteries, causing ischemia and potential myocardial infarction (Libby et al., 2019). In diabetes mellitus, chronic hyperglycemia results from insulin deficiency or resistance, impairing glucose metabolism and leading to complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy (American Diabetes Association, 2020). Understanding these mechanisms enables healthcare providers to develop targeted interventions and improve patient outcomes by addressing the root causes of the disease process.

QSEN Competencies: Evidence-based practice involves integrating clinical research findings into patient care to ensure quality outcomes (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018). Informatics facilitates the collection, management, and analysis of patient data to inform clinical decisions and coordinate care effectively (Koh et al., 2020). Client-centered care emphasizes respecting patient preferences, needs, and values, ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions, thus enhancing satisfaction and adherence to treatment plans (McCormack & McCance, 2017).

Potential Nursing Diagnoses

1. Impaired tissue perfusion related to inadequate circulation
2. Knowledge deficit regarding disease process and management
3. Risk for infection due to compromised immune response

Risk Factors

1. Sedentary lifestyle
2. Uncontrolled hypertension
3. Family history of the disease

Signs & Symptoms/Expected Findings

1. Persistent fatigue
2. Shortness of breath on exertion
3. Swelling in extremities
4. Elevated blood pressure
5. Jugular vein distention
6. Delayed capillary refill

Laboratory Tests

1. Serum biomarker analysis (e.g., troponin, blood glucose)
2. Complete blood count (CBC)
3. Lipid panel

Diagnostic Procedures

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
2. Imaging studies such as echocardiogram or MRI

Nursing Care

1. Monitoring vital signs and oxygen saturation levels regularly
2. Administering prescribed medications and evaluating their effectiveness
3. Providing nutritional counseling and promoting activity as tolerated

Client Education

1. Importance of medication adherence and understanding potential side effects
2. Lifestyle modifications including diet, exercise, and smoking cessation
3. Recognizing early signs of complications and when to seek medical help

Treatments

1. Pharmacologic interventions such as antihypertensives or insulin
2. Invasive procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery, if indicated
3. Rehabilitative therapies including physical therapy or cardiac rehab

Potential Complications

1. Heart failure or cardiac arrhythmias
2. Stroke or cerebrovascular accidents
3. Organ damage due to sustained ischemia

References

• American Diabetes Association. (2020). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2020. Diabetes Care, 43(Suppl 1), S1–S212.
• Koh, J., et al. (2020). The role of health informatics in nursing practice. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 137, 104129.
• Libby, P., et al. (2019). Atherosclerosis. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 5, 56.
• McCormack, B., & McCance, T. (2017). Person-centred practice in nursing and health care: Theory and practice. John Wiley & Sons.
• Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice. Wolters Kluwer.