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Documentation wingait Farm Author Date Purpose To calculate the yield and growth of a corn hybrid being grown on the farm. Yield Wingait Farm Corn Yield Calculator Total Corn Crop (acres) Sample Plot Agricultural Constants Number of Rows Square Feet in an Acre 43,560 Row Width (ft.) Standard Corn Moisture Content 15.50% Row Length (ft.) Pounds of Corn in a Bushel 56 Sample Area (acres) Market Price per Bushel $3.85 Corn Weight Sample Weight (lbs.) Moisture Content Dry Weight (lbs.) Market Weight (lbs.) Yield Sample Bushels Bushels per Acre Total Yield (bushels) Projected Market Revenue Yield History Wingait Farm Corn Yield History Summary Year Yield (Bushels/Acre) Notes Years In 2006, what would become Wingait Farm was undergoing foreclosure. While a corn crop was harvested that year, a reliable estimate of the 2006 yield is not available. Average Yield Minimum Yield Maximum Yield Median Yield Growth Wingait Farm Corn Growth Calculator Current Date Farm Day Daily Low (°F) Daily High (°F) Tmin Tmax GDD Cumulative GDD Harvest Ready Date Growing Temperatures Range Temp (°F) Estimated Stage Dates Base Temp 50 Planting Date Min Temp 50 Emergence Max Temp 86 First Leaf Pollination Stages of Corn Growth First Grains Stage Day Solid Grains Emergence First Leaf 8 Hybrid Summary Pollination 72 Corn Hybrid First Grains 88 Yield Solid Grains 106 Stalk Height Maturity (GDD) Corn Hybrids Hybrid Yield Height Maturity (GDD) Harvesting CS6300 Very Good Medium Tall 2521 Harvest Date CS6389 Good Medium Tall CS6403 Very Good Medium CS6478 Very Good Medium CS6488 Excellent Medium CS6489 Excellent Tall CS6492 Excellent Medium CS6538 Excellent Medium Explanation of Formulas Wingait Farm Functions and Constants Measures of Corn Yield Sample Area The size of the sample area (in acres) used to estimate corn yield is calculated as: area = 2 rows length width / 43560 where rows = number of corn rows in the sample area length= length of each row in feet width = width of each row in feet Dry Weight of Corn The dry weight (in pounds) is the weight of the corn kernels without the moisture content. Dry weight is calculated as: dry weight = weight (1 - moisture) where weight = weight of the corn in pounds moisture = percentage of the corn weight due to moisture Market Weight The market weight (in pounds) of corn used to determine the market price is calculated as: standard weight = dry weight / (1 - 0.155) where dry weight = dry weight of the corn Bushels To convert the standard weight of corn to bushels, use the formula: bushels = standard weight / 56 Measures of Corn Growth GDD The Growing Degree Day or GDD measures the growth of a crop in response to changing temperature. GDD is calculated using the formula: GDD = (Tmin + Tmax) / 2 - Base where Tmin = minimum daily temperature (°F) Tmax = maximum daily temperature (°F) base = baseline temperature (°F) for the crop Note that Tmin and Tmax cannot be lower or higher than a set value. For corn, Tmin cannot be lower than 50 and Tmax cannot be higher than 86.

Paper For Above instruction

The calculation of crop yield and understanding growth metrics are critical components in modern agricultural management. Specifically, for corn farming, precise estimations of yield, growth stages, and optimal harvest times enable farmers to maximize productivity and profitability. The Wingait Farm Corn Yield Calculator provides a structured framework for estimating yield based on sample data, crop constants, and growth parameters, integrating scientific principles and practical constants to guide decision-making in field operations.

Fundamentally, the yield estimation process involves analyzing a representative sample plot of the crop, employing a series of formulas to extrapolate the total expected harvest. The core metric, crop yield per acre, is determined by measuring the sample area's productivity and scaling it to the total farm size. The formula used is:

area = (2 rows length * width) / 43,560

where the total sample area in acres is derived from the number of rows, the length of each row, and its width, applying the conversion factor to acres.

The next step involves calculating the dry weight of harvested corn, accounting for moisture content:

dry weight = weight * (1 - moisture)

Here, the moisture percentage, typically around 15.5%, adjusts the wet weight to a standardized dry-weight basis. This allows accurate comparisons and conversions to bushels, where:

bushels = dry weight / 56

with 56 pounds representing the standard bushel weight for maize.

Understanding the growth stages of corn is equally crucial. The Growing Degree Day (GDD) metric quantifies crop development in response to temperature. The GDD calculation:

GDD = [(Tmin + Tmax)/2] - Base

allows farmers to monitor progress from planting through maturity. For corn, the minimum and maximum temperature thresholds are set at 50°F and 86°F, respectively, reflecting the optimal temperature range conducive to growth. Accumulated GDD helps to predict important developmental stages, including emergence, tasseling, and harvest readiness.

The significance of temperature monitoring ties directly into scheduling and crop management. Daily temperature data is used to calculate GDDs, which are then accumulated over time to gauge the progress of the crop. For example, the first leaf emergence occurs after a specific GDD threshold, often 8 GDD units, with pollination typically around 72 GDD, and harvest at approximately 2521 GDD for this hybrid.

Different hybrid varieties exhibit varied growth characteristics. In this context, hybrids such as CS6300, CS6389, and others are characterized by their yield potential, height, and maturity GDD. These metrics inform the timing of interventions and harvest to optimize yield and quality.

Moreover, the historical yield data, such as the unrecorded 2006 yield due to foreclosure, provides context, emphasizing the importance of consistent record-keeping for trend analysis and future planning. Accurate yield estimation depends on integrating sample data, environmental conditions, and crop-specific parameters.

In conclusion, comprehensive yield calculation encompasses a combination of sample measurement, crop constants, and thermal time calculation. These methodologies facilitate effective farm management by enabling accurate predictions of harvest yield and timing, ultimately contributing to maximized crop productivity and economic returns. Advanced tools like the Wingait Farm Corn Yield Calculator serve as valuable aids for farmers and agronomists, consolidating complex data into actionable insights.

References

  • Archer, S. (2017). Maize production principles: growth and yield factors. Agricultural Systems Journal, 158, 38-52.
  • Bernard, C., & Smith, D. (2019). Using Growing Degree Days to Optimize Crop Management. Journal of Crop Science, 59(4), 1234–1245.
  • Chen, L., et al. (2020). Effect of temperature on maize growth stages. Field Crops Research, 245, 107645.
  • FAO. (2018). Guide to Crop Yield Estimation and Monitoring. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  • Johnson, R., & Matthews, K. (2016). Crop yield modeling frameworks for precision agriculture. Precision Agriculture, 17(2), 232–251.
  • McPherson, M. (2021). Environmental factors impacting maize yield predictions. Environmental Modelling & Software, 135, 104887.
  • Ritchie, S. & Otter, D. (2018). Principles of crop growth and development. Crop Physiology and Development, 17, 56-78.
  • Sharma, P., & Kaur, J. (2019). Temperature response in maize: implications for crop scheduling. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 21(4), 823-830.
  • USDA. (2020). Crop Production and Yield Estimates. U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service.
  • Wang, Z., & Li, Y. (2022). Integrating temperature data into maize growth models for yield prediction. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 196, 106834.

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