Dorothea Orem Theory Case Study Assignment ✓ Solved

Dorothea Orem theory case study Assignment

This case study documents an ongoing interaction between a wife and her husband who live in a spacious home in a gated community.

When Dan (now 80) and Jane (now 65) began dating more than 15 years ago, both were emotionally charged to begin their lives anew. Well-educated and financially secure, they had a lot in common. Dan was a protestant minister, and Jane’s deceased husband had been a protestant minister. Both had lost their spouses. Jane’s first husband had suffered a catastrophic cerebral aneurysm 2 years earlier.

Dan had conducted the funeral service for Jane’s husband. Dan’s wife had died of terminal cancer a little over a year earlier. Dan’s first wife had been a school counselor; Jane was a school teacher. Both had children in college. They shared a love for travel.

Dan was retired but continued part-time employment, and Jane planned to continue teaching to qualify for retirement. Both were in great health and had more than adequate health benefits. Within the year they were married. Summer vacations were spent snorkeling in Hawaii, mountain climbing in national parks, and boating with family. After 7 years, Dan experienced major health problems: a quadruple cardiac bypass surgery, followed by surgery for pancreatic cancer.

Jane’s plans to continue working were dropped so she could assist Dan to recover and then continue to travel with him and enjoy their remaining time together. Dan did recover—only to begin to exhibit the early signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. One of the early signs appeared the previous Christmas as they were hanging outdoor lights. To Jane’s dismay, she noted that Dan could not follow the sequential directions she gave him. As time passed, other signs appeared, such as some memory loss and confusion, frequent repeating of favorite phrases, sudden outbursts of anger, and decreased social involvement.

Assessments resulted in the diagnosis of early Alzheimer’s disease. Dan was prescribed Aricept, and Jane began to prepare herself to face this new stage of their married life. She read literature about Alzheimer’s disease avidly and organized their home for physical and psychological safety. A kitchen blackboard displayed phone numbers and the daily schedule. Car keys were appropriately stowed.

It was noted that she began to savor her time with Dan. Just sitting together with him on the sofa brought gentle expressions to her face. They continued to attend church services and functions but stopped their regular swims at their exercise facility when Dan left the dressing room naked one day. Within the year, Jane’s retired sister and brother-in-law relocated to a home a short walk from Jane’s. Their intent was to be on call to assist Jane in caring for Dan.

Dan and Jane’s children did not live nearby so could only assist occasionally. As Dan’s symptoms intensified, a neighbor friend, Helen, began to relieve Jane for a few hours each week. At this time, Jane is still the primary dependent-care agent. She prides herself in mastering a dual shower; she showers Dan in his shower chair first, and then, while she showers, he sits on the nearby toilet seat drying himself. Her girlfriends suggested that this was material for an entertaining home video!

Although Jane is cautious in her care for Dan, she often drives a short distance to her neighborhood tennis court for brief games with friends or spends time tending the lovely gardens she and Dan planted. During these times, she locks the house doors and leaves Dan seated in front of the television with a glass of juice. She watches the time and returns home midway through the hour to check on Dan. On one occasion when she forgot to lock the door while she was gardening, Dan made his way to the street, lost his balance, reclined face-first in the flower bed, and was discovered by a neighbor. Jane has given up evenings out and increased her favorite pastime of reading.

Her days are filled with assisting Dan in all of his activities of daily living. And, often, her sleep is interrupted by Dan’s wandering throughout their home. At times, when the phone rings, Dan answers and tells callers Jane is not there. Jane, only in the next room, informs him “Dan, I am Jane.” Friends are saddened by Dan’s decline and concerned with the burdens and limitations Jane has assumed as a result of Dan’s dependency.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

The intricate caregiving scenario presented highlights the critical role of dependent-care strategies within the framework of Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory. This theory emphasizes the importance of self-care agency, self-care deficits, and dependent-care agency in maintaining health and well-being. This case study vividly illustrates how a primary caregiver—Jane—navigates the complex demands of caring for her spouse, Dan, who is experiencing early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, and underscores the application of Orem’s theory in real-life contexts.

Understanding Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory

Dorothea Orem’s theory posits that individuals can care for themselves to maintain health, but when they are unable to meet their needs, dependent-care becomes necessary. The theory comprises three interconnected systems: the self-care system, the dependent-care system, and the nursing system. The self-care system pertains to actions individuals undertake to maintain health; the dependent-care system involves caregiving provided by others when individuals cannot care for themselves; and the nursing system is activated when the dependent-care demands exceed the individual’s capabilities.

Application of Orem’s Theory to the Case Study

In the presented scenario, Jane functions as the primary dependent-care agent, exemplifying the dependent-care system in Orem’s framework. Her responsibilities encompass assisting Dan with Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), such as bathing, dressing, and mobility, tailored to his declining cognitive function due to Alzheimer’s disease. Her meticulous preparations, like organizing the home and creating safety measures, align with supporting her spouse’s self-care abilities and compensating for his deficits.

Jane’s commitment demonstrates the core tenet of dependent-care agency, where she actively assesses Dan’s needs and adapts her caregiving strategies accordingly. For instance, her learning to master a dual shower technique reflects her dedication to ensuring Dan’s safety while maintaining dignity. Her vigilance—checking locks, monitoring Dan’s wandering, and managing his responses—illustrates her role in preventing harm, a central concern in Orem’s dependent-care model.

Challenges and Implications of Caregiving

The case also highlights the emotional and physical toll of caregiving. Jane’s reduced social activities, giving up evenings out, and her increased focus on caregiving tasks exemplify caregiver burden. Orem’s theory emphasizes the importance of supporting caregivers’ self-care to sustain their ability to provide dependent care. The case underscores the necessity for structured support systems, including family, friends, and community resources, to alleviate caregiver stress and prevent burnout.

Enhancing Care through Orem’s Framework

Applying Orem’s theory facilitates tailored interventions. For example, educating caregivers like Jane on safe caregiving techniques, strategies to prevent wandering, and ways to maintain their own health is crucial. Healthcare providers should assess the caregiver’s capacity and offer resources such as respite care and psychological support, aligning with the theory’s emphasis on empowering caregivers to meet dependent care demands effectively.

Conclusion

The case study exemplifies how Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and managing the dynamics of dependent care within a familial context. Recognizing the caregiver’s role, assessing their needs, and supporting their own self-care are vital components in ensuring both the caregiver’s well-being and the dependent’s safety. Future nursing practice should emphasize holistic, caregiver-centered approaches informed by this theory, especially in aging populations facing cognitive decline.

References

• Orem, D. E. (2001). Nursing: Concepts of Practice. Mosby.
• Taylor, S. G., Renpenning, K. E., Geden, E. A., Neuman, B. M., & Hart, M. A. (2001). The theory of dependent-care: A corollary to Orem’s theory of self-care. Nursing Science Quarterly, 14(1), 39–47.
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