Eng 123 Final Draft Of Research Paper Name

Eng 123 Final Draft Of Research Papername

Eng 123 Final Draft Of Research Papername

ENG 123: Final Draft of Research Paper Name: ______________________________________________ Comments Score Paper has a clear, focused thesis addressing the assignment. /25 Paper shows appropriate level of thought (beyond surface or obvious). /25 Points supported with relevant details, facts, and examples; shows skill in development. /25 Paragraphs and sentences transition well from one to another and between research material. /15 Sentences are clear and contain variety in structure. /25 Has a sense of voice and style. Creative and varied use of vocabulary. /15 Appropriate format (MLA; APA) followed. /25 Introduction and conclusion work well for the essay. /15 Writing is direct and concise; avoids wordiness (active voice). /25 Mechanics (grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc.)—fewer than 4 per page /25 Area(s) to work on: Areas of strength: /250 Responses should be 200 words PER student 1) In the responses to the students on the Middle Ground discussion, let the student know which argument appears to be stronger: the original claim or the new middle ground claim. Please make sure to explain why. 2) If you disagree with both claims, that’s fine – let the student know why you disagree in a bias-free manner. STUDENT 1: For my Rogerian essay I discussed overpopulation and population policy. My claim was that overpopulation is a concern, but enacting population policies could pose significant threats to civil rights, and therefore all such policies should be voluntary and focus on public health programs (female empowerment, education for girls, health care access). Looking back on it, I feel that I probably did lean more Middle Ground than Rogerian in general throughout the essay, but I could have stood to strike even more Middle Ground. I discussed the current state of the population, and then I discussed the various opposing arguments including the already decreased family size of most affluent nations, the fear of China’s one-child policy, and potential civil rights violations. For each of these arguments, I addressed the rebuttal. I explained that affluent nations actually use far more resources than developing nations, so it is even more important that they address their growing population. I explained that the one-child policy and civil rights concerns are legitimate, and measures must be taken to ensure that they never occur. But then I discussed how various public health protocols have been proven to have the secondary effect of decreasing the average family size (and therefore the size of the population). If I were to argue more of the middle ground, I would have discussed more in depth how poverty, lack of access to care, and the resource utilization of affluent nations significantly contributes to overpopulation. I was very mild, and I took great care to be sensitive to the topic of family size. However, it might have made more of an impact if I addressed more clearly exactly why these initiatives MUST be taken – not just for the population – but for the advocacy of human rights in general. I plan to utilize the Toulmin, Rogerian, and Middle Ground models of argumentation for the remainder of my career. The beauty of these three arguments is that they are both simple and easily adaptable to the situation. In my research-based future, I anticipate that I will be utilizing the Toulmin method most frequently. I plan to utilize logic and credibility to make a case for certain hypotheses and argue their case. However, I also plan to go into policy throughout my time as a doctor. Given that, I also plan to utilize the Rogerian and Middle Ground models in order to present a certain protocol and argue its merit. For example, I might have the opportunity to establish certain public health within my hospital (or city). By utilizing a Middle Ground approach, I would be able to concede certain opposing points (cost of program/incentives, etc.) yet be able to (tactfully) rebut each point and argue the logic and benefits of enacting public health programs throughout the city. I am excited to begin trying them out!

STUDENT 2: We have reached for final week of this course. For my Rogerian method essay I choose to write about conscription. In my essay I took the side of being for it, and all the benefits it would provide. Taking a middle ground argument, could mean having citizens serve their country just not in a military role. Citizens would have the option of serving in a military role or a Government Service role like the Peace Corp. Citizens could also serve in government organizations for their two years. I think the middle ground solution could be one that would work and is more practical. During this course I have learned a lot, It has been hard for much of it because I have been in and out of the hospital with labor symptoms and severe illness. I can hopefully use all that I have learned here in this class to better enhance my argument abilities in discussions. I can also uses what I have learned here to better get my point across when I am dealing with people who do not want to listen to my side of an argument, and bring people around to see the side I am trying to present.

STUDENT 3: I chose to discuss Common Ground Argumentation on my Toulmin Essay about the Veterans Affairs (V.A.) and the lack of healthcare and amenities open to the Veterans of the United States Military. My claim for my essay was: The current healthcare provided to military veterans in the V.A. (Veterans Affairs Hospital) is abysmal and requires new healthcare professional customer service, better ways to cope with veterans needs, and more universal care in regards to treatment to ensure adequate means are available and given to each and every veteran who requests them. I proved this claim by laying out certain scenarios of how the V.A. has allowed individuals to be mis-diagnosed, put on a waiting list (where many people died due to the severity of their illnesses/conditions) and how the Secretary of the V.A. believes that they are doing all they can to make it better. If I were looking at doing a Middle Ground Argument, I would have found more articles of the good that has come from the new V.A. reform since the induction of the new Secretary and go talk to the nearest V.A. facility which is about 15min from where I am currently stationed to get a good in-depth look at how they are making their specific office better for the veterans and their families. I would focus on the positives more than the negatives to shine light on a great organization that truly cares about their veterans. Seeing as I would make a newer claim to how it does some good for the veterans, I would keep most of my original claim, however, I would add main points about the good that is happening, but also add how it could possibly get stronger. I think I had quite a few sources for the good that the V.A. does, but I would find a couple more to solidify the claim I am presenting. I believe a middle ground solution to my issue would be more beneficial to both sides rather than just pointing a finger and saying "You're wrong". I believe it would allow us to actually find a practice for the veterans that helps both sides. So as I have stated many times before, I am a Police Officer in the United States Air Force and part of my job is dealing with people who love to argue with me. Now, I do not always get the final word or even the best word, but part of my job is to go with the no B.S. facts using credible sources while coming to a sound and just conclusion, just like the essays we have been asked to research and complete during the timeline of this course. I will be starting at Sacramento State come January 19, 2019 and will be going through Air Force ROTC to come back into the service as an Officer, for which I have not been given a job yet. I have completed all pre-requisites (as long as I pass this final paper)

STUDENT 4: For one of my essays, I chose to write about the importance of electric cars and how they are are the future of transportation in the Toulmin argument style. In this argument, I showed the history of the electric vehicle and the when, where, and how it was developed. I then showed the pros and cons of owning one and compared them to standard gas engine automobiles. I eventually concluded my argument by showing the advancements in batteries and charging capabilities from the company Tesla motors prove that electric automobiles can compete and in a lot of cases outperform gas vehicles by having the same range, style, features, and comfort. If I chose to write the middle ground for this same topic I probably would've had had many of the same points speaking to the history and pros and cons of both electric and gas vehicles and the importance of both. To choose the middle ground I would have incorporated the rise of hybrid vehicles and how they take the best of both worlds and combine then by having a vehicle that takes gas but transitions to battery power while at cruising speeds to exponentially increase range and reduce the number of times you have to pay for more gas at the pump. I would have claimed that hybrid would be the way to go for the time being until charging times to reduced to minutes instead of an hour plus to save time while on longer commutes. I do feel like a would have to have a few additional sources to research the importance and stats on hybrid vehicles to compare them to their competition.

STUDENT 5: The previous claim I choose to use for this week’s forum is from my Rogerian argumentation essay. My claim was that in regards in maternity leave, men should be offered the same amount of paternity leave as females. I was able to prove my claim by using studies from the department of labor. In the study they found that paternity leave was vital to men in the workplace because it enables fathers to build a bond with their newborn and to help the mother while she medically recovers. Paid paternity leave also serves an incentive in the workforce which could potentially increase job satisfaction. If I were to approach this topic using the middle ground method, the following could be my claim: Paternity leave is a great asset to males both personally and professionally. Males should be offered the opportunity to take paternity leave without pressure or judgement from the workplace or society. Based off the middle ground method I would not change my original claim. I would not add additional sources to prove my claim, but I would have elaborated more on the topic in order to further support my claim. The middle ground method is much more practical solution to my claim. After learning all of the lessons in this course, I received the most information on the different types of argumentation writing styles. This class has informed me of different ways to prove my claim when writing essays. I know throughout this journey to obtain my degree I will have many more essays to write. When writing future essays, I will be sure to implement the writing styles I have learned. Currently, I do not foresee myself incorporating what I have learned into my career.

Paper For Above instruction

The integration of various argumentation strategies such as Toulmin, Rogerian, and Middle Ground models plays a crucial role in the development of persuasive and balanced debates in academic and policy discussions. These methods not only foster critical thinking but also promote mutual understanding by acknowledging opposing viewpoints and seeking common ground. This essay explores the efficacy of each of these styles through an analysis of student examples concerning social, political, and technological issues, highlighting the strengths and potential improvements for each approach.

Introduction

Argumentation is a fundamental aspect of academic discourse and real-world decision-making. The Toulmin model emphasizes logical rigor and credibility, aiming to persuade through evidence and systematic reasoning. The Rogerian approach fosters empathy and understanding by recognizing the validity of opposing arguments and seeking compromises. Middle Ground argumentation combines elements of both, proposing balanced solutions that incorporate multiple perspectives. Analyzing student examples reveals how these strategies operate in practice and which are more effective under different circumstances.

The Toulmin Model: Evidence and Logical Structure

The Toulmin model, as demonstrated by Student 4’s essay on electric vehicles, prioritizes clear claims supported by evidence and warrants. Student 4 effectively presented the history, advantages, and technological progress of electric cars, culminating in a conclusion favoring hybrid vehicles as an optimal transitional solution. The model’s focus on facts, such as battery advancements and charging capabilities, exemplifies logical persuasion. However, the model’s weakness lies in potentially neglecting emotional or contextual factors that influence reader perception. In this context, additional evidence comparing emission reductions or economic impacts could enhance the argument's strength.

The Rogerian Approach: Empathy and Mutual Benefit

Student 1’s essay on population policy exemplified the Rogerian style through its acknowledgment of multiple viewpoints—concerns about overpopulation, civil rights, and resource use—and its attempt to find common ground. The student admits to leaning toward middle ground and recognizes the importance of addressing human rights while balancing environmental concerns. A key strength of this approach is its non-confrontational tone, which facilitates open dialogue and reduces resistance to new ideas. Nonetheless, to improve, the essay could incorporate more explicit concessions and emphasize shared values, making a more compelling case for voluntary population policies.

The Middle Ground Strategy: Balancing and Compromising

The middle ground claims presented by Students 2, 3, and 4 illustrate practical ways to reconcile conflicting positions. For instance, Student 2’s suggestion to combine military and civil service reflects a nuanced understanding of the conscription debate. Student 3 proposes recognizing improvements in veterans’ healthcare while acknowledging areas needing enhancement, embodying the principle of balancing criticism with praise. Student 4’s hybrid vehicle argument demonstrates how combining gasoline and electric features could bridge technological divides. While effective, these arguments require robust evidence to substantiate claims, ensuring that compromise does not dilute the persuasiveness or overlook critical issues.

Analysis and Effectiveness of Argument Styles

Each argumentation style serves distinct purposes. Toulmin’s strength lies in its clarity and reliance on data, making it suitable for policy proposals necessitating factual backing. The Rogerian method excels where stakeholder engagement and mutual respect are essential, such as contentious social issues. Middle Ground strategies work well when consensus is necessary among diverse groups but risk oversimplification if not supported by comprehensive evidence. Student examples reflect these dynamics; Student 1’s balanced population approach benefits from its empathy, while Student 4’s technological argument gains strength from scientific detail.

Recommendations for Enhanced Argumentation

To maximize effectiveness, arguments should employ complementary strategies. Combining Toulmin’s evidential clarity with Rogerian’s empathetic tone can foster persuasive yet respectful dialogues. Incorporating Middle Ground solutions can demonstrate flexibility and openness, important in resolving complex issues. For example, in public health debates, presenting data-supported proposals while acknowledging opposing concerns encourages acceptance. Students should also strive to include diverse sources and anticipate counterarguments, strengthening their positions and promoting constructive discussion.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the strategic use of Toulmin, Rogerian, and Middle Ground argumentation enhances the quality of debate across academic, political, and technological contexts. Student examples illustrate how each approach functions in practice and highlight areas for improvement. An integrated approach that combines logical evidence, empathetic understanding, and balanced compromise can produce more compelling and cooperative dialogue. As students and practitioners refine these skills, their ability to influence and resolve complex issues significantly improves.

References

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• Sandel, M. (2010). Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do? Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
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