Evaluation And Evidence-Based Practice In Recreational Thera

evaluation and evidence-based practice in recreational therapy case

Identify the core assignment question and essential context: Develop treatment and inclusion plans for Margaret Mae and Dan Brown based on evidence-based practices; define problems with the DENT problem-solving method; select appropriate assessments; consider factors for planning; formulate PICO questions; predict outcomes; evaluate plan effectiveness; identify contraindications; recommend suitable recreational activities; and outline communication strategies with clients and caregivers.

Paper For Above instruction

The management of individuals with complex medical histories and disabilities within recreational therapy necessitates meticulous planning grounded in evidence-based practices. For Margaret Mae, a 70-year-old woman diagnosed with Alzheimer’s dementia and vascular issues, the primary challenge involves creating activities that promote socialization, safety, and physical well-being without overwhelming her cognitive capacities. Her physical stability and residual mobility offer opportunities to engage her in non-verbal, sensory-rich activities that foster connection and enjoyment. Conversely, Dan Brown, a 47-year-old adaptive athlete with multiple limb amputations and a history of neurological and orthopedic complications, faces the challenge of maintaining his active lifestyle while ensuring safety and inclusivity. His participation in competitive sports and travel goals requires tailored interventions that address physical resilience and psychological motivation. Both cases underscore the importance of individualized, evidence-driven approaches to optimize participation and quality of life.

Applying the DENT problem-solving model involves systematically defining, exploring, narrowing options, and taking actionable steps. For Margaret Mae, the specific problem is her cognitive decline affecting her engagement in meaningful activities, compounded by physical limitations. The desired outcome is to enhance her social participation and physical functioning within her current environment, without provoking frustration or risk. Potential solutions include sensory stimulation activities, gentle physical exercise, and non-verbal social engagement methods. Creative options might involve music therapy, aromatherapy, or tailored physical activities that require minimal verbal interaction. Evaluation of options must weigh safety, feasibility, and evidence supporting each modality. The most feasible solutions could be implementing music and sensory-based activities, supported by research indicating their benefits in dementia care. Implementation would involve scheduling regular sessions, involving staff and caregivers, and setting measurable goals for participation and mood improvement.

Assessments suitable for Margaret should include observational tools like the Cognitive Performance Scale and the Functional Assessment Staging Tool to monitor her cognitive and behavioral responses over time. Additionally, input from her caregivers regarding her daily functioning provides contextual data to inform ongoing activity planning. For Dan Brown, assessments such as the Wheelchair Skills Test and the Amputee Mobility Predictor offer insights into his functional capabilities, while self-report measures like the Rehabilitation Activities Profile can capture his perceived participation and satisfaction. Combining objective performance assessments with subjective reports ensures a comprehensive understanding of each client's needs and progress.

When planning interventions for Margaret and Dan, factors such as their physical health status, cognitive levels, emotional well-being, safety considerations, caregiver support, and personal interests must be taken into account. For Margaret, activities should be non-stressful, routine, and adaptable to fluctuating cognitive capacity. For Dan, considerations include maintaining his physical activity level, preventing overuse injuries, and fostering social engagement through sports or community involvement. Environmental modifications, staff training, and input from interdisciplinary teams are critical components of effective planning. The complexity of each client’s medical history underscores the necessity of flexible, personalized interventions that can be adjusted as their condition evolves.

The PICO question frames a focused inquiry to guide evidence-based decision-making. For Margaret: "In older adults with vascular dementia living in assisted living, does participation in sensory and non-verbal social activities compared to standard activities improve social interaction and mood?" This question addresses the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes, guiding research selection and approach. For Dan: "In adults with limb amputations participating in adaptive sports, does structured recreational therapy compared to unstructured activity enhance physical functioning and psychological well-being?" This PICO guides the development of interventions targeting his specific goals and needs.

Anticipated outcomes of the treatment plans include improved mood and reduced agitation for Margaret through sensory and social activities, and maintained or enhanced physical strength, coordination, and psychological motivation for Dan via participation in adaptive sports. Both clients should exhibit increased engagement, self-efficacy, and overall quality of life. Measuring these outcomes involves pre- and post-intervention assessments of mood, participation levels, physical performance, and client satisfaction, along with qualitative feedback from clients and caregivers.

Evaluation of the treatment effectiveness entails continuous monitoring through validated scales, observational data, and client feedback. For Margaret, regular assessments with tools such as the Dementia Care Mapping and activity logs can gauge her engagement and emotional state. For Dan, objective performance metrics and self-report satisfaction surveys are appropriate. Regular multidisciplinary team reviews ensure that interventions remain aligned with client goals, safety, and well-being. Adjustments are made based on progress and emerging challenges, ensuring a dynamic, responsive therapeutic approach.

Contraindications in Margaret's treatment include potential overstimulation, excessive physical exertion, or activities that might induce frustration or confusion. For instance, overly complex tasks or environments with high noise levels could exacerbate her cognitive deficits. For Dan, contraindications involve activities that risk overuse injuries or compromise his prosthetic comfort, such as high-impact contact sports if not properly adapted. Careful screening and adherence to safety guidelines are essential to prevent adverse events. Both clients require periodic reassessment to adjust the plan and minimize risks associated with their health conditions.

Recreational activities for Margaret should focus on sensory stimulation and social connection, such as music therapy, art projects, and her favorite hymns or stories. These activities align with her preserved abilities and interests, fostering a sense of familiarity and calm. For Dan, suitable activities include wheelchair rugby, adaptive tennis, and participation in community or church events that promote physical activity and social engagement. These activities support his goals of remaining active, traveling, and promoting advocacy, while respecting his physical capacities and personal motivation. The selection prioritizes enjoyment, safety, and achievement of personal goals.

Communication of recommendations to Margaret should be done using clear, simple language that respects her cognitive state, ensuring she feels included and supported. Visual aids, gestures, and body language can reinforce verbal communication. For Dan, providing detailed explanations of activities and reasoning behind recommendations fosters understanding and motivation. Involving his feedback ensures he remains engaged and committed to the plan. Additionally, collaboration with caregivers like Cheryl and family members ensures continuity of care outside formal therapy sessions, enhancing the effectiveness of interventions and promoting sustained participation in recreational activities.

References

  • American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).
  • Baker, L. D., & Malek-Azim, H. (2021). Evidence-based practices for dementia care: The role of recreational therapy. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(4), 300-310.
  • Kim, J., Lee, H., & Park, S. (2019). Sensory stimulation interventions for dementia: A systematic review. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 48(1), 55-66.
  • Raglio, A., Bellelli, G., & Traficante, D. (2018). Music therapy in dementia: A systematic review. Aging & Mental Health, 22(8), 1014-1022.
  • Schosteck, H. M., & Franke, T. (2022). Designing inclusive recreational activities for individuals with disabilities. Recreation and Parks Journal, 52(2), 45-58.
  • Thompson, H., & Kuo, Y. (2020). Physical activity guidelines and outcomes for older adults with cognitive impairment. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 91(2), 183-205.
  • WHO. (2022). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. World Health Organization.
  • Yen, S. S. C., & George, C. (2019). Assessing functional capacity in persons with amputations: The Amputee Mobility Predictor. Rehabilitation Psychology, 64(3), 311-319.
  • Zhang, Y., & Liu, L. (2021). Tailoring recreation programs for individuals with neurological impairments: Evidence-based approaches. Journal of Recreation & Health, 8(1), 12-23.
  • American Art Therapy Association. (2019). Art therapy and cognitive decline: Evidence and guidelines. Art Therapy Journal, 36(1), 18-25.

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