Explain The Relationships Between Requirements And Analysis

Explain The Relationships Between Requirements And Analy

Explain the relationships between requirements and analysis/design for the software products, describe what kinds of classes should NOT be part of the analysis and explain why, clarify whether all captured requirements are considered functional requirements, and develop UML diagrams for a patient record system and a retail return process, as well as for an online store's functionalities based on detailed descriptions. These tasks involve understanding requirements engineering, classifying requirement types, and creating UML use-case, analysis class, and sequence diagrams to model system functionalities comprehensively.

Paper For Above instruction

The relationship between requirements and analysis/design is fundamental in software engineering, ensuring that the developed system correctly addresses user needs and technical constraints. Requirements specify what the system should do or achieve, while analysis and design help translate these requirements into workable models, such as UML diagrams, that guide implementation. Requirements serve as the foundation, guiding system modeling, while analysis refines these needs into detailed specifications for system architecture, data structure, and interactions. Proper alignment prevents scope creep, ensures completeness and consistency, and facilitates communication among stakeholders. Design decisions made during analysis influence subsequent phases, making clear the importance of understanding relationships between requirements and design processes.

Regarding classes that should not be part of analysis, typically, classes representing implementation details, such as specific database management classes, hardware interfaces, or detailed UI components, are excluded. These classes are considered design or implementation concerns, not part of the problem domain analysis. Including such classes can clutter the analysis model with unnecessary complexity, detracting from understanding core domain entities and relationships. Instead, analysis should focus on conceptual classes that embody real-world entities relevant to system requirements, promoting clarity and facilitating stakeholder communication.

Not all requirements are functional; some are non-functional requirements, including performance, usability, reliability, security, and maintainability criteria. Functional requirements specify behaviors and features, such as user actions and system responses, while non-functional requirements describe how the system should perform. For example, an online store's response time or system security policies are non-functional and critical to system success. Proper requirements engineering differentiates between these types, ensuring comprehensive coverage of system expectations.

For the patient record and scheduling system, a UML use-case diagram would depict actors such as Receptionist, Nurse, and Doctor, with use cases like Enter Patient Info, Schedule Appointment, Record Visit Results, View Patient History, and Enter Treatment Info. The diagram demonstrates interactions between each actor and the system functionalities, emphasizing their roles within the workflow.

The analysis class diagram for the same system would include core classes such as Patient, Family, Visit, Diagnosis, Medication, and Doctor. Relationships would show a Family has Patients, Patients have Visits, Visits are linked to Diagnoses and Medications, and Patients may be associated with multiple doctors. This model abstracts typical data entities and their associations essential for system implementation.

The UML sequence diagram for returning a purchased item in a retailer POS system illustrates the process where the Customer presents the item and receipt, the Cashier verifies details, accepts the items, and processes a cash refund. Each step involves message exchanges between entities, capturing the flow of actions during the return process in a clear, sequential manner.

The online application for SportsDepot involves multiple categories: Shoes, Clothing, and Accessories, each with specific items. Actors include Customer, Salesman, and Store Manager, with use-cases like Create Order, Cancel Order, Return Goods, Add Products, and Create Store Coupons. The conceptual classes involve Product (with subclasses for each category), Order, Customer, Salesperson, and Coupon. The use-case diagram visualizes interactions among these actors and functions, while the analysis class diagram models the structure of core entities and their relationships, structured to support system functionalities effectively.

References

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