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In this assignment, you will create a research question to add to your ePortfolio. You will submit one to three research questions based on topics covered in your criminal justice coursework for instructor feedback. After submitting your questions, upload them to your ePortfolio, creating a folder titled “Research Questions.” Review the provided resource from the Shapiro Library for guidance on crafting effective research questions.

Paper For Above instruction

Creating a well-defined research question is a fundamental step in academic inquiry, especially within the criminal justice field. As students nearing completion of their coursework, developing clear and researchable questions demonstrates critical thinking and prepares students for future scholarly or professional research projects. This paper discusses the importance of forming precise research questions, provides guidance on selecting appropriate topics, and exemplifies how these questions can contribute to ongoing criminal justice research and practice.

In the context of criminal justice, research questions serve as the foundation for investigations that can influence policy, improve practices, and deepen understanding of complex issues. The assignment prompts students to generate one to three questions based on topics covered during the course. These topics encompass a wide range of critical issues, such as sentencing goals, incarceration trends, prison culture, correctional structures, sexual violence in corrections, racial and gender issues, rehabilitation programs, juvenile justice, and recidivism reduction strategies.

To craft effective research questions, students should focus on specificity, relevance, and feasibility. For example, instead of asking a broad question like “What causes recidivism?”, a more precise question might be, “How do cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation programs impact recidivism rates among juvenile offenders?” This level of specificity directs research efforts and facilitates targeted inquiry, making it more practical for investigation.

Additionally, questions should align with existing literature and real-world challenges in the field. For instance, a student interested in prison culture might explore, “What are the effects of the inmate code on rehabilitation outcomes in maximum-security prisons?” or a student concerned with gender issues might ask, “How do correctional facilities implement programs to address the needs of transgender inmates?” Such questions are rooted in current debates and can contribute to actionable insights.

Developing research questions also involves understanding the scope of the topic and available resources. The resource from the Shapiro Library emphasizes framing questions that are researchable within the constraints of time and access. It recommends starting with open-ended questions to explore issues deeply, then narrowing to specific variables or populations for clarity and focus.

In conclusion, the assignment encourages students to think critically about one to three questions that could underpin future research, academic papers, or policy recommendations. These questions will be stored in a designated ePortfolio folder, facilitating ongoing development and refinement throughout the program. By engaging thoughtfully in this process, students enhance their research skills and contribute to the evolving discourse in criminal justice.

References

• Bachman, R., & Schutt, R. K. (2017). The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
• Cullen, F. T., Wilcox, P., & Bartollis, M. (2019). Correctional Theory: Context and Consequences (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
• Harer, M. D., & Langan, P. A. (2014). Gender differences in recidivism risk and treatment needs. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 53(3), 175–192.
• Lutze, F. E., & Klein-Saffran, J. (2020). Exploring prison culture and inmate behavior. Journal of Criminal Justice, 68, 101715.
• National Institute of Corrections. (2019). Evidence-Based Practice in Corrections. https://nicic.gov/evidence-based-practices
• Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) of 2003. U.S. Department of Justice. (2020). PREA Final Rule Fact Sheet. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/PreaFactSheet.pdf
• Travis, J., & Waul, M. (2013). Prisoners Once Removed: The Impact of Incarceration and Reentry on Children, Families, and Communities. The Urban Institute.
• Wildeman, C., & Wang, E. A. (2017). Mass incarceration, public health, and health disparities. Annual Review of Public Health, 38, 279-293.
• Western, B. (2018). Homeward: Life in the Year After Prison. Russell Sage Foundation.
• Zimmerman, S., & Williams, P. (2021). Addressing recidivism: Practical intervention strategies for correctional agencies. Journal of Correctional Education, 72(2), 16–24.