Genetics 303 Dr. Joe Staton Fourth Exam Take Home Ans 331248
Genetics 303 Dr Joe Statonfourth Examtake Homeanswer On Separate Pa
In a human population, the genotype frequencies at one locus are 0.75 AA, 0.22 Aa, and 0.03 aa. What is the frequency of the A allele [f(A)] and a allele [f(a)] for the population? Are they in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Calculate the number of heterozygotes in a population with p = 0.65 and q = 0.35 (at time = 0). After 4 generations of inbreeding between siblings (F = 0.25) in a population of 1000.
Human albinism is an autosomal recessive trait. Suppose that you find an isolated village in the Andes where seven people are albino. If the population size of the village was 1777 and the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to this trait, how many individuals are expected to be carriers (heterozygotes)?
A boatload of Swedish tourists, all of whom bear the MM blood group, is marooned on Haldane Island, where they are met by an equally sized population of Islanders, all bearing blood group NN. In time, the castaways become integrated into Island society. Assuming random mating, no mutation, no selection (based on blood group), and no genetic drift, what would you expect the blood group distribution to be among 5000 progeny of the new Haldane Island population?
You identify a population of mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on an island. Their coat color is controlled by a single gene: BB mice are black, Bb mice are gray, and bb mice are white. You take a census of the population and record the following numbers of mice: Black 432 Gray 576 White 192.
- (a) What are the frequencies of the two alleles?
- (b) What are the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium frequencies for these three phenotypes?
- (c) A heat wave hits the island. All mice with black fur die from heat stroke, but the other mice survive. What are the new allele frequencies for the population?
- (d) If the population suffers no further cataclysms after the heat wave, and the surviving animals mate randomly, what will be the frequency of mice with black fur in the next generation?
- (e) If the climate is altered permanently, so that mice with black fur die before reproducing, which following statement is correct? (1) At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, f(B) will equal 0.135. (2) The fitness of mice with gray fur (ωBb) must be equal to 0.5. (3) The fitness of mice with black fur (ωBB) is 0. (4) The B allele will disappear from the population in one generation. (5) The B allele will disappear from the population in two generations.
Which of the following are requirements for evolution by natural selection? Explain your answer.
- I Environmental change
- II Differential survival and reproduction
- III Heritability of phenotypic variation
- IV Variation in phenotype
- V Sexual reproduction
Options:
- A) II, III, V
- B) II, III, IV
- C) I, II, IV
- D) III, IV, V
- E) II, IV, V
Which of the following processes is the source (origin) of genetic variation within populations?
- A) Reproductive Isolation
- B) Asexual reproduction
- C) Selection
- D) Mutation
- E) Genetic drift
If the population (14,926 in 2013) of folks in Perry, GA, have an f(a) = 0.1 and folks in Valdosta, GA, has a f(a) = 0.5, then how many people from Valdosta, GA, would have to migrate to Perry to increase the population to at least f(a) = 0.15?
What is the Ne of a population with the following annual censuses, considering the drop in size due to the 2004 drought?
- 2001: 9
- 2002: 8
- 2003: 4
- 2004: 2
- 2005: 3
- 2006: 7
- 2007: 9
- 2008: 10
- 2009: 12
- 2010: 17
- 2011: 19
- 2012: 22
- 2013: 25
Consider populations with given genotype distributions:
| Population | AA | Aa | aa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 2 | 1.0 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| 3 | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.04 |
a) What are p and q for each population?
b) Which of the populations are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
c) Populations 1 and 2 have a tree fall across their islands so that individuals can cross. If equal numbers of the individuals occur on each island, what is the new population’s allele frequencies and genotype frequencies after one generation of random mating?
d) In population 3, the a allele is less fit than the A allele, and the A allele is incompletely dominant. The result is that AA is perfectly fit (= 1.0), Aa has a fitness of 0.85, and aa has a fitness of 0.65. With no mutation or migration, graph the allele frequency of the a allele for 10 generations under selection.
e) In population 8, the population size drops to 200 individuals. What is the most likely fate of the “a” allele, and what genetic principle would support this conclusion?
Question Data:
Genetic distance matrix for crustaceans based on mtDNA 16S rDNA:
- Brine Shrimp - Striped-leg hermit: 0.354
- Brine Shrimp - King Crab: 0.309
- Brine Shrimp - Soldier crab: 0.321
- King Crab - Soldier crab: 0.268
- Soldier crab - Flat-claw hermit: 0.245
- Flat-claw hermit - Long-clawed hermit: 0.249
- And so on, with pairwise distances provided. Calculate the average distance and construct a UPGMA tree based on these distances. Interpret the branching pattern briefly.
Restriction enzyme digestion data:
Linear DNA digested with BamH1 & SmaI yields fragments of 13 kb, 11 kb, 10 kb, 6 kb, 5 kb, 5 kb, 3 kb, 3 kb, 1 kb. Draw the restriction map indicating the restriction sites for BamH1 and SmaI, labeling all sites based on these fragment sizes.