Geometric Triangle Class Design A Class Named Geometric Tria

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Design a class named GeometricTriangle that inherits from GeometricObject. The class should contain three double data fields named side1, side2, and side3, each with default values of 1.0 to represent the sides of a triangle. Include a default constructor that creates a default triangle and another constructor that allows instantiation with specified side lengths. Implement accessor (getter) and mutator (setter) methods for each side. Provide a method named getArea() that returns the area of the triangle, which should first validate the input by checking that the sum of any two sides is greater than the third, throwing an IllegalArgumentException if this condition is not met. Include a method named getPerimeter() that returns the perimeter of the triangle. Also, implement the toString() method to return a descriptive string of the triangle, including side lengths, perimeter, and area. The area calculation should use the formula for a triangle with sides a, b, and c, employing the semi-perimeter s as s = (a + b + c) / 2, and then computing the area with Heron's formula: √[s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)]. A main method can be written to test the class, its methods, and exception handling for invalid inputs.

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The design and implementation of the GeometricTriangle class serve as a practical example of applying object-oriented principles in Java, focusing on inheritance, data validation, and encapsulation. This class extends a superclass GeometricObject, illustrating inheritance, which allows sharing common properties and methods among various geometric shapes while adding specific features pertinent to triangles.

The class encapsulates three sides of the triangle as double data fields, initialized with default values of 1.0. These defaults allow instantiation without specific parameters, facilitating ease of creation and consistency when explicit side lengths are not provided. The setter and getter methods for each side enable controlled access and modification, ensuring the object's state remains consistent and valid.

A significant feature of the class is the getArea() method, which calculates the triangle's area using Heron's formula. Before computation, it performs validation to ensure the input sides can form a valid triangle by checking if the sum of any two sides exceeds the third side. This validation prevents logical errors, such as attempting to compute the area of a non-existent triangle, and throws an IllegalArgumentException if the validation fails, enforcing data integrity.

The getPerimeter() method straightforwardly computes the sum of all three sides, returning the perimeter, a basic property of the shape. The toString() method constructs a descriptive string that includes side lengths, perimeter, and area, providing an informative summary of the object.

In addition, a main method can be implemented to instantiate the GeometricTriangle object with various side lengths, including invalid inputs to demonstrate the robustness of exception handling. Through testing, developers can verify that the class correctly calculates properties and appropriately handles erroneous data, ensuring reliable usage.

This class demonstrates core object-oriented programming concepts such as inheritance, encapsulation, validation, and exception handling, making it a valuable exercise for students and practitioners aiming to model geometric shapes in software engineering contexts.

References

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