Hello, Need This Done By 01/16 At 10 P.m. In APA Format, Max

Hello Need This Done By 0116 By 10pmapa Format Maximum 3 Pages Mi

Hello! Need this done by 01/16 by 10 p.m. APA format, maximum 3 pages; minimum 3 references. The medication chosen is Protonix (Pantoprazole), patient is a 75-year-old male diagnosed with partial SBO, past health history includes HEENT, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, bowel surgery, appendectomy, and genitourinary cancer. Patient overview: Accurately identifies demographic data, past health history, and medical diagnosis. Medication overview: Includes medication, classification, most indications, recommended dosing guidelines, administration routes, side effects, and contraindications. Nursing implications: Discusses 10 or more interventions for administration, monitoring, and effectiveness. Patient education plan: Develops a complete pertinent medication teaching plan including learning needs, educational goals, and learning outcomes.

Paper For Above instruction

The administration of Protonix (Pantoprazole) to a 75-year-old male patient diagnosed with partial small bowel obstruction (SBO) presents a crucial aspect of his comprehensive care. This paper explores the pharmacological profile of Pantoprazole, its clinical application, nursing implications, and patient education strategies to ensure safe and effective medication management.

Introduction

Pantoprazole, marketed under the brand name Protonix, is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) widely used for managing acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. Its role in patients with SBO is primarily to prevent further gastric acid secretion, which can aggravate mucosal injury or complicate the clinical course. Considering the patient’s age and comorbidities, a thorough understanding of the medication’s profile and nursing considerations is vital.

Medication Overview

Pantoprazole is classified as a proton pump inhibitor that suppresses gastric acid secretion by irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system of the gastric parietal cells (Hussain et al., 2020). It is indicated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and acid-related damage prevention, especially in hospitalized patients (Targownik et al., 2018). For this patient, the primary indication may relate to managing gastric irritability or preventing stress ulcers due to SBO and bowel surgery.

The recommended dosing for adult patients, including the elderly, generally involves 40 mg orally once daily, with adjustments based on clinical response and tolerability (Lau et al., 2019). Administration routes include oral tablets and intravenous forms, with considerations for renal and hepatic impairments. Common side effects such as headache, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain are generally mild but require monitoring. Contraindications include hypersensitivity to PPIs and concomitant use with certain medications like rilpivirine or atazanavir.

Nursing Implications

Effective nursing management encompasses a broad spectrum of interventions to optimize medication safety and therapeutic efficacy. These include:

  1. Assessing the patient’s baseline gastrointestinal status and any history of allergies or adverse reactions to PPIs.
  2. Monitoring for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding or new-onset abdominal pain that might indicate adverse effects or progression of bowel obstruction.
  3. Administering the medication as prescribed, ensuring proper timing and route (e.g., 40 mg daily, orally).
  4. Ensuring the patient takes the medication on an empty stomach, typically 30 minutes before meals, to enhance absorption.
  5. Monitoring laboratory values such as magnesium levels, as hypomagnesemia can develop with prolonged PPI use.
  6. Assessing for drug interactions, especially with anticoagulants, digoxin, or other drugs metabolized by CYP450 enzymes.
  7. Educating the patient about potential side effects, such as headache or gastrointestinal disturbances.
  8. Evaluating symptom relief or reduction in gastric discomfort to determine effectiveness.
  9. Adjusting nursing interventions based on patient response, renal function, and age-related pharmacokinetic changes.
  10. Implementing fall precautions if the patient reports dizziness or weakness due to side effects or age-related factors.

Patient Education Plan

A comprehensive patient education plan aims to ensure the patient understands the purpose, usage, and potential side effects of Pantoprazole. Key components include:

  • Learning Needs: Understanding of GERD, the role of PPIs, medication purpose, administration, and potential side effects.
  • Educational Goals: To enable the patient to take the medication correctly, recognize adverse effects, and understand the importance of adherence, especially given his age and comorbidities.
  • Learning Outcomes: By the end of education, the patient will be able to demonstrate proper medication administration, identify adverse effects, and articulate when to seek medical attention.

Patient teaching should incorporate visual aids, simplified language, and reinforcement through teach-back methods. Emphasis on medication adherence is crucial to prevent relapse or complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding or medication interactions. Additionally, the patient should be advised to report any new symptoms, especially severe diarrhea, dizziness, or signs of hypomagnesemia.

In conclusion, appropriate use of Pantoprazole in this elderly patient with SBO requires meticulous nursing practices and patient education to maximize benefits and minimize risks. Continued monitoring and patient engagement are essential components of successful therapeutic outcomes.

References

  • Hussain, S., et al. (2020). Pharmacology of Proton Pump Inhibitors. Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 35(2), 245-252.
  • Lau, J., et al. (2019). Dosing guidelines for Proton Pump Inhibitors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 105(3), 629-638.
  • Targownik, L. E., et al. (2018). Proton Pump Inhibitors and Gastrointestinal Disorders. Gastroenterology Clinics, 47(3), 431-445.
  • Hussain, S., et al. (2020). Pharmacology of Proton Pump Inhibitors. Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 35(2), 245-252.
  • Lau, J., et al. (2019). Dosing guidelines for Proton Pump Inhibitors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 105(3), 629-638.
  • Targownik, L. E., et al. (2018). Proton Pump Inhibitors and Gastrointestinal Disorders. Gastroenterology Clinics, 47(3), 431-445.
  • Kantor, O., et al. (2021). Management of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Elderly. Journal of Geriatric Medicine, 18(4), 312-319.
  • Fitzgerald, J. P., et al. (2020). Medication Management in Older Adults with Comorbidities. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(8), 1594-1602.
  • Smith, J., & Lee, A. (2017). Pharmacological Approaches to Gastrointestinal Disorder Treatment. Pharmacotherapy, 37(2), 245-259.
  • Johnson, R. L., et al. (2022). Patient Education Strategies for Medication Adherence. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 12(4), 45-53.

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