How Much Do You Know About Autism? Please Answer The 708788

How Much Do You Know About Autismplease Answer The Following

How Much Do You Know About Autismplease Answer The Following True And How Much Do You Know About Autismplease Answer The Following True And How Much Do You Know About Autism Please answer the following True and False questions and justify your answer (1 paragraph) 1. Autism is more often diagnosed in boys than in girls? _____ 2. Autism can be caused by emotional deprivation. _____ 3. Autism is on the increase. _____ 4. Autism has the same rate of occurrence worldwide _____ 5. Autism can be detected before a child is 2 years old _____ 6. Autism runs in families ____ 7. There is a single gene for autism ____ 8. Autism can be caused by the MMR vaccine _____ 9. A person with autism can grow out of it _____ 10. People with autism all have below average intelligence _____ 11. People with autism always prefer being alone _____ 12. Adults with autism are not capable of working _____ 13. People with autism can’t feel emotions ____ 14. People with autism do not easily understand that other people are thinking _____ 15. All people with autism display deficits in communication _____ Answers’ justification: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Paper For Above instruction

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a wide range of behavioral, social, and communication challenges. Over the years, extensive research has established a nuanced understanding of autism, dispelling many misconceptions and highlighting its multifactorial origins. This paper addresses the true or false statements regarding autism, providing evidence-based justifications for each to enhance awareness and understanding.

1. Autism is more often diagnosed in boys than in girls.

True. Autism diagnosis is significantly more prevalent in boys than in girls, with ratios approximately 4:1. This discrepancy may partly result from differences in symptom presentation; boys tend to exhibit more overt social and behavioral signs, which are more readily recognized. However, studies indicate that autism in girls may be underdiagnosed due to subtler symptoms or differing manifestations, such as better social masking. The higher prevalence in boys is supported by epidemiological data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Baio et al., 2018).

2. Autism can be caused by emotional deprivation.

False. Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic basis and environmental influences, but it is not caused by emotional deprivation. The myth of "refrigerator mothers" has been debunked; autism is not a result of parental neglect or emotional coldness. Current research emphasizes genetic mutations and atypical brain development processes as primary causes, although environmental factors may influence severity or manifestation (Lord et al., 2020).

3. Autism is on the increase.

True. The prevalence of autism diagnoses has increased over the past few decades, from approximately 1 in 150 children in the 1990s to about 1 in 54 children today, according to CDC reports (Baio et al., 2020). This rise is attributed to broader diagnostic criteria, increased awareness, improved screening methods, and possibly environmental factors, though no single cause explains the trend completely.

4. Autism has the same rate of occurrence worldwide.

False. Autism prevalence varies globally due to differences in diagnostic practices, awareness, and healthcare infrastructure. While estimates suggest similar underlying rates, reported prevalence differs markedly across countries, reflecting disparities in identification and reporting (Elsabbagh et al., 2018). Thus, assuming uniformity worldwide is inaccurate.

5. Autism can be detected before a child is 2 years old.

True. Early signs such as lack of eye contact, delayed babbling, and atypical social responses can be evident by age 12 to 24 months. Developmental screening tools enable clinicians to identify early indicators of autism, facilitating earlier intervention, which significantly improves outcomes (Zwaigenbaum et al., 2015).

6. Autism runs in families.

True. Family history is a significant factor; having a sibling or parent with autism increases the likelihood of diagnosis. Twin studies demonstrate high concordance rates, especially monozygotic twins, highlighting genetic contributions (Tick et al., 2016).

7. There is a single gene for autism.

False. Autism is polygenic, involving multiple genes interacting with environmental factors. No single gene causes autism; instead, a combination of genetic variations increases susceptibility. Several genes associated with neural development have been identified, but their interactions are complex (Sanders et al., 2015).

8. Autism can be caused by the MMR vaccine.

False. Extensive scientific research, including large epidemiological studies, has found no causal relationship between the MMR vaccine and autism. The hypothesis originated from a fraudulent study, which was subsequently discredited, and the consensus among health authorities affirms vaccine safety (Taylor et al., 2014).

9. A person with autism can grow out of it.

False. Autism is generally a lifelong condition. While some symptoms may improve with early intervention and support, individuals typically continue to experience certain challenges into adulthood. However, many develop skills that enable them to lead fulfilling lives (Howlin & Magiati, 2017).

10. People with autism all have below average intelligence.

False. Autism occurs across all intellectual abilities. Some individuals have intellectual disabilities, but many possess average or above-average intelligence. There is significant heterogeneity within the spectrum regarding cognitive abilities (Losh et al., 2012).

11. People with autism always prefer being alone.

False. While social interaction can be challenging, many individuals with autism desire social connection but struggle with communication or sensory issues. Preferences vary widely; some seek solitude, whereas others actively pursue friendships (Tager-Flusberg et al., 2017).

12. Adults with autism are not capable of working.

False. Many adults with autism are capable of working in various fields, especially with appropriate accommodations and support. Vocational training and workplace adjustments can facilitate meaningful employment and independence (Bellini et al., 2018).

13. People with autism can’t feel emotions.

False. Individuals with autism experience emotions just as others do; however, they may express or process feelings differently. Some may have difficulty in recognizing or regulating emotions but still feel deeply (Baron-Cohen, 2017).

14. People with autism do not easily understand that other people are thinking.

True. Many individuals with autism have theory of mind deficits, making it difficult to infer or understand others’ thoughts and intentions. This contributes to social challenges characteristic of autism (Senju & Johnson, 2009).

15. All people with autism display deficits in communication.

False. While many individuals with autism experience communication difficulties, the degree varies. Some are non-verbal, while others have advanced language skills but may struggle with pragmatic language use or social aspects of communication (Tager-Flusberg, 2018).

References

  • Baio, J., et al. (2018). Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder among children aged 8 years—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 sites, United States, 2014. MMWR. Surveillance Summaries, 67(6), 1–23.
  • Baio, J., et al. (2020). Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2018. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(SS-4), 1-12.
  • Elsabbagh, M., et al. (2018). Global prevalence of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders: A systematic review. Autism Research, 11(4), 468–481.
  • Howlin, P., & Magiati, I. (2017). Autism spectrum disorder: Outcomes in adulthood. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 30(2), 121–126.
  • Losh, M., et al. (2012). Cognitive abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(11), 2280–2292.
  • Lord, C., et al. (2020). Autism Spectrum Disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 6(1), 1–15.
  • Sanders, S. J., et al. (2015). Insights into autism spectrum disorder genomic architecture and biology from 71 risk loci. Neuron, 87(6), 1215–1233.
  • Senju, A., & Johnson, M. H. (2009). Atypical development of eye contact and gaze processing in autism. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 26(3), 278–286.
  • Tager-Flusberg, H., et al. (2017). Social communication and theory of mind in autism spectrum disorder. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 372(1719), 20160207.
  • Tager-Flusberg, H. (2018). Language and communication in autism. Autism Research, 11(1), 8–23.

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