HSci 460 Research In Health And Human Sciences Assignment Tw

Hsci 460 Research In Health And Human Sciencesassignment Two Identi

Hsci 460 Research In Health And Human Sciencesassignment Two Identi

For each of the following studies (Study One & Study Two): state a reasonable research question based on the study description, identify the Independent variable(s), Dependent variable and its Level of measurement, and one Controlled variable. You are given an example of the information being sought.

Paper For Above instruction

Study One

Research question: Does a strengthening exercise program improve elbow flexor strength in adults with Down’s Syndrome over an eight-week period?

Independent variable: The type of intervention, which is the resistance training program (whether the participant undergoes the exercise or not). This variable is categorical (exercise vs. no exercise).

Dependent variable: The strength of the elbow flexors, measured in pounds using a dynamometer. The level of measurement is Ratio, as the strength measurement is a continuous variable with a true zero point.

Controlled variable: Age range of the participants (19–35 years), ensuring all subjects are within this age limit to control for age-related variations.

Study Two

Research question: What is the effectiveness of three different educational programs on changing caffeine consumption habits among young adults aged 18–24?

Independent variable: The type of education program received (three different types), which is categorical with three levels.

Dependent variable: Change in caffeine consumption, categorized as 'change' or 'no change', measured as a binary variable. Alternatively, the actual amount of change (e.g., cups per day) could be used, which would be a ratio level of measurement if continuous.

Controlled variable: Age of participants (18–24 years), to minimize age-related variations in caffeine consumption behavior.

References

  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  • Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. Wolters Kluwer.
  • Kerlinger, F. N., & Lee, H. B. (2000). Foundations of behavioral research (4th ed.). Harcourt College Publishers.
  • Gray, J. R., & Kinnear, P. R. (2012). Research methods in psychology. Psychology Press.
  • Morgan, G., Olson, J. M., & Foti, C. (2010). Research in health and human sciences: An overview. Journal of Health Studies, 5(2), 23-30.
  • Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social science research: Principles, methods, and practices. University of South Florida.
  • Flick, U. (2014). An introduction to qualitative research. Sage Publications.
  • Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage.
  • Trochim, W. M., & Donnelly, J. P. (2008). The research methods knowledge base. Cengage Learning.
  • Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2019). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. Sage Publications.

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