Identify Two Specific Aspects Of The Athenian Acropolis

Identify Two (2) Specific Aspects Of The Athenian Acropolis And Its Pa

Identify two (2) specific aspects of the Athenian Acropolis and its Parthenon, and explain their significance to ancient Greek culture and the western heritage in the arts. Comment on one (1) feature of the ancient Greek theater that you find especially intriguing. Explain the manner in which audiences today might receive the plot of the comedy Lysistrata and compare Lysistrata to a specific modern work of stage or film. Who should own the Elgin Marbles? The Greeks? The British? The World? How would that work? Is the key question: Who would do the best job of preserving and protecting the treasures of the past? Explore Athenian Acropolis and the Greek Theater •Chapter 5 (pp. ) Athenian Acropolis and Art, (pp. ), ancient Greek drama •Video with article from British Museum’s Elgin marbles (from the Acropolis) at •Article with video of digital reconstruction of the Parthenon at •Theater at Epidauros (double click on images to enlarge) at

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The Athenian Acropolis stands as a quintessential symbol of ancient Greek artistic and cultural achievement, embodying the ideals of political power, religious devotion, and artistic excellence. Among its many features, two specific aspects that highlight its significance are the Parthenon and the Propylaia. The Parthenon, constructed between 447 and 432 BCE during Athens' Golden Age, was dedicated to Athena Parthenos, the city's patron deity. Its architectural design exemplifies the perfection of Doric order and reflects the Greek pursuit of harmony and proportion, embodying the cultural emphasis on balance, beauty, and divine order. The sculptural decorations of the Parthenon, especially the Parthenon Marbles, depict mythological battles and civic pride, reinforcing Athens’ political and cultural supremacy. This monument not only served as a temple but also as a symbol of Athenian identity and democratic ideals, influencing Western art and architecture profoundly.

The Propylaia, the grand entrance to the Acropolis designed by Mnesikles in the 5th century BCE, was more than a gateway; it was a masterpiece of Athenian architecture that conveyed grandeur and civic pride. Its commanding façade and strategic positioning exemplify the Greeks' mastery of spatial planning and aesthetics. The Propylaia exemplified the integration of art, architecture, and religious symbolism, guiding visitors into a sacred space that celebrated civic unity and divine protection. Its significance extends beyond aesthetics; it represented Athenian political power and their dedication to shared cultural and religious values. Both the Parthenon and the Propylaia encapsulate the essence of Greek artistry, religion, and civic identity, leaving a lasting impact on Western architectural and artistic traditions.

Turning to ancient Greek theater, one feature that I find especially intriguing is the design of the Theater at Epidauros. Its exceptional acoustics and tiered seating demonstrate the Greeks' sophisticated understanding of architecture and audience engagement. The semi-circular design ensures that sound travels clearly to every seat, allowing even the faintest speech to be heard without amplification. This feature underscores the importance of communal participation in Greek drama, fostering a shared emotional experience. The theater’s acoustical engineering remains a marvel even today, inspiring modern amphitheaters and performance spaces. Its integration of architecture, acoustics, and storytelling illustrates the Greeks’ dedication to the arts and their understanding of human psychology and social cohesion through performance arts.

The reception of the play Lysistrata by contemporary audiences varies based on cultural and historical contexts. Originally a comical satire by Aristophanes criticizing war and proposing female sexual independence as a strategy for peace, modern audiences might interpret Lysistrata as a commentary on gender politics, social activism, or peace movements. In today's context, the play's humor and political satire could resonate with contemporary issues such as feminist movements, anti-war protests, or political activism. Comparatively, Lysistrata can be related to modern works like the film "The Battle of Algiers," which explores strategies of non-violent resistance and social change, or the play "Vagina Monologues," which addresses feminist struggles. Both works utilize provocative themes to challenge societal norms and advocate for social justice, illustrating the enduring relevance of ancient Greek drama in addressing contemporary issues.

The debate over the ownership of the Elgin Marbles remains a contentious issue reflecting differing perspectives on cultural heritage, preservation, and restitution. The Greeks argue that the Marbles are an integral part of their history and cultural identity, deserving to be housed within the Acropolis Museum in Athens. Conversely, the British, who acquired the Marbles in the early 19th century, contend that they are part of a broader human heritage and highlight the need for proper preservation and public accessibility. The question is whether ownership should prioritize national identity or global stewardship. Ideally, a collaborative approach might involve shared ownership or international agreements that ensure proper preservation and display, balancing respect for cultural origins with the global interest in cultural preservation. Ultimately, the core issue revolves around who can best preserve and protect these invaluable artifacts for future generations, recognizing that cultural heritage transcends national boundaries and warrants collective responsibility.

References

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• Hurwit, J. M. (2000). The Acropolis and its Sculptures. Cornell University Press.
• Neils, J. (2005). The Parthenon: From Archaeology to Politics. University of Cambridge Press.
• Richter, G. M. A. (2010). The Athenian Agora: Excavations in the Heart of Classical Athens. Princeton University Press.
• Boardman, J. (1995). Greek Art. Thames & Hudson.
• Harle, J. (1994). The Art and Architecture of the Greek World. Cambridge University Press.
• Hornblower, S., & Spawforth, A. (Eds.). (2014). The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
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