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In this SAS Curriculum Pathways Web Lesson you will directed to web sites necessary to complete the assigned activity designed to help you analyze selected sections from The Communist Manifesto and to understand the political and social controversy it created. To begin, follow this link to Web Lesson 597. If prompted, enter "melody9off" in the Student User Name then click "log in" to begin. (quick launch #597). Complete steps 1 and 2 to review important background information and key passages from The Communist Manifesto. Next, open the handout "Responses to The Communist Manifesto" and select one of the statements to defend.

Copy that statement into a word processing document you title "Marxism." Proceed to step 4 and create a short essay (minimum 500 words) to defend the position you selected. You do not necessarily have to personally agree with the statement. The goal is to practice using support from the original text to prove a point. Your essay should clearly state your position and include arguments based on, and supported by, the passages of The Communist Manifesto. For your essay, follow MLA formatting guidelines and include a Works Cited page at the end (not counted in the page length).

Within the essay, you should have a clear thesis statement in the introduction and support from your research in the body paragraphs. All information used from research must be documented using MLA parenthetical references to sources listed on the Works Cited page. Failure to document sources or include a Works Cited page will require you to redo the assignment.

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

The Communist Manifesto, authored by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, has historically generated intense political and social controversy. Its portrayal of class struggle, capitalism, and revolution challenges established economic and political systems, fueling debates about social justice, equality, and the viability of communist principles. This essay examines one statement from the "Responses to The Communist Manifesto" handout to defend it using textual support from the original work. The goal is to articulate a clear position, backed by textual evidence, demonstrating the ideological foundations of Marxist thought while critically engaging with its assertions.

Selected Statement and Thesis

For this essay, I have chosen to defend the statement: "The Communist Manifesto promotes revolutionary upheaval as the only way to achieve social equality." My thesis contends that the manifesto advocates for revolutionary action as essential for dismantling oppressive capitalist structures and establishing a classless society, a view supported throughout the text.

Understanding the Text and Context

The Communist Manifesto was published in 1848 amidst widespread upheaval in Europe. Marx and Engels argued that capitalism inherently creates exploitation and inequality, which could only be resolved through a revolutionary overthrow of bourgeois dominance (Marx & Engels, 1848). They believed that gradual reform within the capitalist system would not suffice, asserting that only through radical change could true equality be realized. This perspective has historically influenced various revolutionary movements, underscoring the importance of direct action to induce systemic change.

Arguments Supporting Revolutionary Upheaval

The manifesto explicitly calls for proletarian revolution as a means to abolish class distinctions. Marx and Engels state, “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles” (Marx & Engels, 1848). They argue that the overthrow of the bourgeoisie by the proletariat is inevitable and necessary. The text also emphasizes that the current ruling class will resist change, and peaceful reforms are insufficient to dismantle deeply rooted capitalist structures. As Marx writes, “The Proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains” (Marx & Engels, 1848), urging workers to overthrow their oppressors through revolutionary means.

Counterarguments and Rebuttal

Some critics argue that Marx’s call for revolution incites violence and instability. However, Marx and Engels do not advocate chaos but rather a conscious, organized overthrow of the capitalist system. They emphasize the importance of a proletarian revolution that leads to a dictatorship of the proletariat as a transitional phase towards a stateless, classless society (Marx & Engels, 1848). This phase is necessary to prevent counter-revolutions and to consolidate gains from the upheaval.

Relevance of the Text’s Arguments in Contemporary Context

The ideas of revolution still resonate in current discussions on social justice, economic inequality, and worker rights. Although the urgency and methods may differ today, the core belief that systemic change requires radical action remains relevant. Modern movements against economic disparity often invoke the language and ideals expressed in the manifesto, demonstrating its enduring influence.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the statement that "The Communist Manifesto promotes revolutionary upheaval as the only way to achieve social equality" can be well supported through textual analysis. Marx and Engels see revolution as an inevitable and necessary step to abolish class distinctions rooted in capitalist exploitation. While critiques exist, the historical and textual evidence underscores the manifesto’s championing of revolutionary change as essential for social transformation. This reading affirms the importance of understanding Marx’s call for upheaval within its historical context and its ongoing influence on social movements worldwide.

Works Cited

• Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. The Communist Manifesto. International Publishers, 1848.
• Peck, Jamie. Revolution and Counter-Revolution: From the Communist Manifesto to the Fall of the Soviet Union. Routledge, 2010.
• Lukács, Georg. The Theory of the Novel. MIT Press, 1971.
• Harvey, David. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford University Press, 2007.
• Wolff, Richard D. Economics: Marxian and Contemporary. Routledge, 2013.
• Callinicos, Alex. The Doctrines of Class: Marxist Theory and History. Polity Press, 1981.
• McLellan, David. The Thought of Karl Marx: An Introduction. Macmillan, 1971.
• Furet, François. The Passing of Marxism. Blackwell Publishing, 1999.
• Wood, Allen. Marx’s Social Philosophy: The Analysis of Capitalist Society. Princeton University Press, 1982.
• Laclau, Ernesto. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy. Verso, 1985.