January 2017 Vol 107 No 1 AJPH Garcia Silva Et Al Research ✓ Solved

January 2017 Vol 107 No1 Ajph Garcia Silva Et Al Researc

This paper is an objective report on the arguments made within your debate. You have a sample paper and other materials for it in your course packet and on Bb. Length & Format: at least 3 full pages with one-inch margins, double-spaced, 12 point font. This is an objective report on the debate or problem that you are researching. The beginning of the paper should briefly explain the debate (maybe giving a history of it, if relevant). Tell us things like how long this has been going on, who is involved, and any background information that is needed to understand the rest of the paper. This information should be up-to-date. This paper is a survey of the topic/debate—you are summarizing the conversation about this issue. I want the body of the paper to be organized not by the articles but by the issues or debates. Your sources will not set the organization; instead you will use them (summarizing, paraphrasing and quoting them) to explain the positions you are discussing. This will NOT be a simple 5-paragraph essay. The research: Continue your research (go back to the document “research topics” for some tips on research). For this assignment, you are required to have 12 authoritative and relevant sources on your bibliography—6 can be the ones you used for your research log assignment. Your research needs to include: · At least 2 scholarly sources. · No more than 8 from websites (not articles from databases but actual websites). · Variety of sources: newspapers, magazines of different types, professional newsletters, government documents, and certain Internet sites. Most sources should be from general, well-written publications for the educated public— The New York Times, The Economist, government studies, etc. · Variety of content: Taken together, your sources need to represent all sides of the debate. References (APA) or Works Cited (MLA) page: As you research, put your citations in a word document. Do it as you go—not at the last minute! A draft of this reference/works cited page will be due ahead of time as a homework assignment (see syllabus), and then you’ll revise that and submit it with your paper. THE GRADE: What will count most? __ The paper must be neutral. The paper must be organized around ideas, not sources. This paper practices and showcases several information literacy goals that you will be graded on: · Use of appropriate sources: You must cite from at least 4 sources from each “side” (8 sources total). · In-text citation: When you cite sources, whether summarizing, paraphrasing, or quoting directly, make sure that you properly document the sources. · Integrating sources: Always set up/frame your quotations (refer to lesson on “framing quotations”). REVISION CHECK LIST: This is not a list of everything that you need in a research paper. It’s a revision check list for common errors: The bibliography: · The bibliography contains the number and type of sources required in the assignment sheet. If not, stop here. You need to finish your research. · The reference or works cited page is in alphabetical order. · Use of databases is properly indicated. · Websites are listed in your bibliography with full information: author, title of article, title of journal, if any, sponsoring organization, date posted, URL (for APA), date viewed…. The paper: · The paper contains the number of required citations. · Long quotes are in block quote format. · If there is no author, the article title is named either in the sentence or the parentheses. · All article titles in MLA format are in quotation marks (in the paper and in the bibliography). · All book, journal, and newspaper titles (for MLA AND APA) are either underlined or italicized (in the paper and in the bibliography). · If you used someone’s WORDS, those words are in quotation marks in the paper, AND their documentation information is in parentheses at the end of the quote. See handbook. · If you paraphrased (did NOT use their words but DID use their ideas), their documentation information is in parentheses at the end of the paraphrase. · Tables and graphs, pictures, etc., are properly documented. · All quotations are framed by your words (integrated quotes).

Sample Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

The debate over food waste and food insecurity has garnered increasing attention over the past decade, driven by growing awareness of environmental impacts and social inequities. While some argue that reducing food waste can significantly alleviate hunger and advocate for widespread donation initiatives, others highlight issues of safety, liability, and logistical challenges. This debate is rooted in complex social, legal, and economic considerations, with stakeholders ranging from government agencies and nonprofit organizations to food industry players and policymakers.

Historical Background and Involved Parties

The issue of food waste and hunger has persisted for decades, but recent efforts to address it have gained momentum globally. Initiatives like food recovery programs, legal protections for donors, and educational campaigns have emerged to bridge the gap between surplus food and food-insecure populations. Key players include government health departments, food industry representatives, nonprofit organizations like Food Finders, and local communities. For example, the Orange County coalition “Waste Not Orange County” exemplifies a community-led effort that brings together public agencies and private sector stakeholders to combat food insecurity while reducing waste.

Core Issues and Debates

The central issues revolve around the liability of food donors, safety standards, logistics of food collection and distribution, and public perceptions. One major argument in favor of food donation is its potential to redirect excess food from landfills to feed hungry populations, thus addressing both waste and hunger. Supporters emphasize the legal protections such as the Good Samaritan Act of 1996, which shields donors from liability when donating in good faith. Conversely, critics express concerns about food safety, especially when donations are near expiration or inconsistent with safety standards. They argue that liability fears and fears of legal repercussions discourage businesses and institutions from donating excess food.

Legal and Policy Considerations

Legal frameworks like the Good Samaritan Act and local policies play vital roles in facilitating food donations. These laws aim to balance the need for safety with the encouragement of donation. However, misconceptions about liability and safety persist among donors, often due to inadequate information or distrust. Widespread education efforts, such as those implemented by Orange County’s health inspectors distributing informational flyers, aim to address these misconceptions. Furthermore, policies incentivizing donations with recognition programs, such as window seals awarded to participating businesses, can foster increased participation.

Societal Perspectives and Barriers

Public perception significantly influences the success of food recovery efforts. Many businesses and institutions retain concerns over brand reputation, potential liability, and logistical challenges like storage and transportation. The stigma associated with food waste—viewed as a sign of poor management—also complicates donation efforts. Moreover, some institutions, like schools, face internal resistance due to strict safety protocols and budget constraints. Overcoming these barriers requires comprehensive education, incentivization, and cross-sector collaboration.

Innovative Strategies and Successful Initiatives

The Orange County coalition’s approach highlights effective strategies such as leveraging environmental health inspectors to distribute informational flyers, creating public recognition programs, and integrating food insecurity screening into healthcare settings. For example, screening at primary care facilities has identified thousands of food-insecure individuals, helping connect them with local food pantries via interactive online maps. These multi-pronged efforts demonstrate that addressing food waste and insecurity requires coordinated, community-based solutions.

Conclusion

Addressing food waste and food insecurity presents both challenges and opportunities. Legal protections and education can mitigate fears related to liability and safety, while incentivizing participation through recognition programs encourages businesses to donate excess food. The success stories from Orange County exemplify the importance of multi-sector collaboration and innovative outreach strategies. Continued efforts to educate, legislate, and incentivize will be essential in reducing food waste and alleviating hunger on both local and global scales.

References

• Food Finders Staff. Food Finders— rescuing food, ending hunger. 2016. Available at: org. Accessed June 1, 2016.
• United Way Worldwide. 2-1-1. 2016. Available at: Accessed June 1, 2016.
• Sharaf K. Food Waste and the Overall Sentiment Towards Participation in Food Recovery Programs Among Distributors Within the City of Stanton, California [MPH thesis]. Irvine, CA: University of California; 2014.
• Orange County Health Care Agency Staff. Orange County Health Care Agency: environmental health. 2016. Available at: eh. Accessed June 1, 2016.
• County of Orange, California. HCA distribution of information to food facilities regarding food donations. 2016. Available at: http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_Sam/Agenda05_10_2016_files/images/A.HTM. Accessed September 18, 2016.
• US Food and Drug Administration. Did you know that a store can sell food past the expiration date? 2016. Available at: Transparency/Basics/ucm210073.htm. Accessed June 1, 2016.
• Hager ER, Quigg AM, Black MM, et al. Development and validity of a 2-item screen to identify families at risk for food insecurity. Pediatrics. 2010;126(1): e26–e32.
• Waste Not Orange County Coalition. Food pantries in Orange County, CA. 2016. Available at: notoc.org/#!providing-food-resources/c22p0. Accessed June 1, 2016.
• The Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Act of 1996. Pub. L. 104–210, 110 STAT. 3011 (Oct. 1, 1996). Available at: 104publ210/pdf/PLAW-104publ210.pdf. Accessed September 18, 2016.