Lab 9 Chemical Reactions I Pres Lab Questions 1 Michelangelo

Lab 9 Chemical Reactions Iipre Lab Questions1 Michelangelo Used Fres

Lab 9: Chemical Reactions II Pre-lab Questions 1. Michelangelo used fresco painting when he painted the Sistine Chapel. Fresco painting involves most of the types of chemical reactions you studied. Listed below are some of the reactions used in creating a Fresco painting. Identify the type of chemical reaction used for each step and balance the chemical equation if needed.

Initially, some sort of heat must be generated. Propane is a common fuel source used for heating. C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O; this is a ________________________________ reaction.

Next, quicklime (calcium oxide) is made by roasting calcium carbonate (limestone). CaCO3 → CaO + CO2; this is a ________________________________ reaction.

The quicklime is slaked to form lime plaster. CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2; this is a ________________________________ reaction.

The lime plaster is cured or dried. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → Ca(HCO3)2; this is a ________________________________ reaction.

This quickly continues to react to form calcium carbonate and water. Ca(HCO3)2 → CaCO3 + H2O; this is a ________________________________ reaction.

Frescos will deteriorate over time when exposed to the damp, acidic environments of modern urban atmospheres. CaCO3 + H2SO4 → CaSO4 + H2O + CO2; this is a ________________________________ reaction.

2. Balance each of the chemical equations and identify the type of reaction.

  • Combustion: C4H10(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g)
  • Synthesis: Hb(s) + O2 → HbO2(s)
  • Single Replacement: Zn(s) + H3C6H5O7(aq) → Zn3(H3C6H5O7)2(aq) + H2(g)
  • Double Replacement: Zn(C2H3O2)2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) → NaC2H3O2(aq) + Zn3(PO4)2(s)
  • Decomposition: (NH4)2CO3(s) → NH3 + H2O + CO2(g)

Experiment: Getting to Know your Reactions Procedure

Take photographs of your experiment set up for Parts 1 - 5 and your results. Submit them with your laboratory report.

Part 1: Combustion

C4H10(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g)

1. Light a butane lighter and observe the flame. (The ignition is a reaction between butane and oxygen.)

2. Record your observations from when the lighter is turned on until it is turned off.

Part 2: Synthesis

Hb(s) + O2 → HbO2(s)

1. Take a deep breath, hold it as long as possible and exhale. Visualize the reaction occurring.

2. Record observations before inhaling and after exhaling.

3. Construct an oxyhemoglobin molecule with modeling clay and toothpicks. Take a photograph for submission.

Part 3: Single Replacement

Zn(s) + H3C6H5O7(aq) → Zn3(H3C6H5O7)2(aq) + H2(g)

1. Place a zinc-coated washer into a test tube. Measure and pour about 2 mL of saturated citric acid into the test tube.

2. Observe the reaction for several minutes; record observations.

3. Decant the solution into a beaker, rinse the washer, and neutralize the acid with baking soda before disposal.

Part 4: Double Replacement

Zn(C2H3O2)2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) → NaC2H3O2(aq) + Zn3(PO4)2(s)

1. Add approximately 2 mL of each solution to a test tube and record observations.

2. Pour contents down the drain after noting reactions.

Part 5: Decomposition

(NH4)2CO3(s) → NH3 + H2O + CO2(g)

1. Place a small amount of ammonium carbonate into a test tube and heat it over a candle flame in a well-ventilated area, maintaining safety precautions.

2. Record observations, allow cooling, and clean the apparatus.

Post-lab Questions

1. Take photographs of your set-up and results for Parts 1-5, including the oxyhemoglobin model.

2. Write the balanced combustion reaction for cooking on a propane gas grill with C3H8.

3. Balance the following reactions and identify their types:

  • BaCl2(s) + K2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + KCl(aq)
  • KClO3(s) → KCl(s) + O2(g)
  • H2(g) + O2(g) → H2O(l)
  • F2(g) + LiCl(aq) → LiF(aq) + Cl2(l)

Additional Notes

This comprehensive lab involves identifying different types of chemical reactions, conducting various experiments such as combustion, synthesis, single and double replacement, and decomposition, and analyzing the effects of urban environments on fresco deterioration, as well as the chemistry of dental health and ink applications.

References

  • Zumdahl, S. S., & Zumdahl, S. A. (2014). Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach. Cengage Learning.
  • Brown, T. L., LeMay, H. E., Bursten, B. E., Murphy, C., & Woodward, J. (2012). Chemistry: The Central Science. Pearson.
  • Klein, H. A., & Klein, G. G. (2012). Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change. Cengage Learning.
  • Lee, J. (2017). Understanding Chemical Reactions. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Petrucci, R. H., Herring, F. G., Madura, J. D., & Bissonnette, C. (2017). General Chemistry Principles & Modern Applications. Pearson.
  • Moore, J. W., & Stanitski, C. L. (2014). Chemistry: The Molecular Science. Cengage Learning.
  • Schwarz, H., & Tro, N. J. (2014). Inorganic Chemistry. Cengage Learning.
  • West, T. S. (20116). Organic Chemistry. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Oxtoby, D. W., Gillis, H., & Butler, S. (2015). Principles of Modern Chemistry. Cengage Learning.
  • Chang, R., & Goldsby, K. (2016). Chemistry. McGraw-Hill Education.

Related Assignments