Lopez Emiliana Lopez Professor Bovee ENC April 2021 Annotate

Lopez Emiliana Lopez Professor Bovee ENC April 2021 Annotated Bibl

Identify the core assignment: creating an annotated bibliography using credible sources related to the influence of screen time on children and adolescents, parental guidance, and related health effects, with proper MLA citations and analysis. Remove administrative details, formatting instructions, and extraneous notes. Keep the primary task of summarizing and evaluating each source for use in research on the impact of screen time and parental mediation.

Paper For Above instruction

In contemporary society, the pervasive use of digital devices among children and adolescents has raised significant concerns regarding their health, development, and well-being. An examination of credible scholarly articles and journalistic sources reveals critical insights into how screen time influences youth behavior, academic performance, sleep patterns, and mental health, as well as the pivotal role of parental guidance in managing media consumption.

Lauren Arundell et al., in their study titled "Home-based screen time behaviors amongst youth and their parents: familial typologies and their modifiable correlates," published in BMC Public Health (2020), explore how excessive screen time among children and teenagers is shaped by familial environments, parental monitoring, and role modeling. The authors highlight that "The family and home environment has been identified as a key but under-utilized setting for interventions to reduce children's screen-based sedentary behaviors" (2). This study emphasizes that different family typologies, such as authoritative or permissive styles, influence children's media habits. Consequently, parental supervision and the environment at home are modifiable factors that can mitigate excessive screen time. I will utilize this source to reinforce the argument that parental practices and household environment significantly impact children's media usage, emphasizing the need for structured family-based interventions to promote healthier digital habits.

Amy Morin’s article, "How Too Much Screen Time Can Hurt Kids and Their Families," published by Verywell Family (2020), discusses the adverse effects associated with prolonged screen exposure, including educational delays and behavioral problems. Morin asserts that "The advances in technology mean today's parents are the first generation who have to figure out how to limit screen time for children," highlighting the novelty and challenge of managing digital intake (para. 4). This source underscores that excessive screen time is linked to cognitive and emotional issues, and it emphasizes the importance of establishing household rules. I plan to incorporate Morin's insights to demonstrate that parents must be proactive in setting boundaries to prevent negative outcomes linked to incessant device use.

Complementing this perspective, Peter Nikken and Marjon Schols, in their article "How and Why Parents Guide the Media Use of Young Children," featured in the Journal of Child and Family Studies (2014), emphasize that parental mediation strategies, such as restricting device access and supervising media content, are effective measures for controlling children's screen time. They state that "Parents who are concerned about risks and harm more often try to protect their children by monitoring, applying restrictions on media use, supervising the child, and by critically talking to the child about media content" (par. 10). This scholarly work reinforces the importance of parental involvement and strategic mediation in fostering responsible media consumption among young children, which I will argue is essential in promoting healthier digital habits and curbing excessive usage.

Further evidence on the effects of screen media is provided by Peirà-Velert et al. in their research "Screen Media Usage, Sleep Time and Academic Performance in Adolescents," published in PLOS ONE (2014). The authors identify that increased screen time displaces activities such as studying and physical exercise, resulting in poorer academic outcomes and health issues like obesity. They conclude that "Screen Media Usage interferes with academic activities, such as studying and reading books, hence having negative consequences on academic performance" (1). This study supports the argument that excessive screen involvement hampers adolescents' sleep, physical health, and academic achievement, emphasizing the need for regulated media use to foster balanced lifestyles.

The growing concern among parents about their children's media habits and the associated risks is highlighted in the article "Screen time: how much is too much?" (2019), which discusses the widespread access to digital devices and the potential for mental health issues stemming from excessive social media exposure. The article notes that "Nearly all US teenagers say they have access to a smartphone, and about half say they are online almost constantly" (p. 265). This alarming statistic underpins the importance of parental control and media literacy education. It suggests that setting clear boundaries can help mitigate mental health struggles and promote safer, more balanced use of technology among adolescents.

Finally, considering intervention strategies beyond parental control, one innovative approach is Trauma Releasing Exercises (TRE). Developed by David Bercelli, a social worker who observed involuntary tremors post-trauma in bombing victims, TRE involves a series of six exercises designed to elicit neurogenic tremors that release deep muscular tension and stress. These exercises are believed to facilitate emotional and physical healing by reducing chronic tension and increasing relaxation hormones. While not directly related to screen time, TRE provides a complementary method for managing stress and tension resulting from excessive digital exposure or related anxieties, offering a holistic approach to mental health in today's digital age.

In summation, the collective insights from these sources underscore that children’s screen time significantly influences their cognitive, emotional, and physical health. Parental mediation emerges as a crucial factor in regulating device use, alongside environmental adjustments and educational efforts. Effective interventions must acknowledge family dynamics and employ strategies such as setting limits, fostering open communication, and exploring alternative stress-release techniques like TRE. Addressing these factors holistically can help promote healthier, more balanced lifestyles for young individuals amidst the digital revolution.

References

• Arundell, Lauren, et al. "Home-based screen time behaviors amongst youth and their parents: familial typologies and their modifiable correlates." BMC Public Health, vol. 20, no. 1, 2020. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A/AONE? u=lincclin_mdcc&sid=AONE&xid=ddfaffa4.
• Morin, Amy. "How Too Much Screen Time Can Hurt Kids and Their Families." Verywell Family, 27 Sept. 2020.
• Nikken, Peter, and Marjon Schols. "How and Why Parents Guide the Media Use of Young Children." Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2014.
• Peirà-Velert, Carmen, et al. “Screen Media Usage, Sleep Time and Academic Performance in Adolescents: Clustering a Self-Organizing Maps Analysis.” PLOS ONE, vol. 9, no. 6, 2014, pp. 1–9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100592.
• "Screen time: how much is too much?" Nature, vol. 565, no. 7737, 2019, p. 265+.