Medication Teaching Plan Assignment Guidelines Purpose

Medication Teaching Plan Assignment Guidelinespurposethe Purpose Of Th

The purpose of this assignment is for the student to synthesize pharmacological knowledge (i.e., core drug knowledge, core patient variables, and nursing implications) of pharmacotherapeutic agents into a useful teaching and learning tool for nurses and patients.

This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:

  • Apply concepts of pharmacotherapeutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenomics to the use of specific medication classifications considering health conditions, side effects, nursing implications, and medication teaching.
  • Apply principles of health promotion, illness, and injury prevention to promote the safety and effectiveness of pharmacologic therapy across the lifespan, considering sociocultural, genetic, developmental, and gender implications.
  • Utilize the nursing process to understand the effects of drug therapy on health outcomes within diverse populations, families, and communities.

Choose a pharmacological agent that has been on the market less than 5 years and research current evidence-based information from two to three credible resources. Obtain key drug information including drug class, mechanism of action, administration and dosage, drug-food interactions, and laboratory effects/interference.

Design a clear, engaging, and appropriate patient teaching brochure on the selected drug. The brochure should be printed on one page, double-sided, include images and graphics relevant to the content, and use plain language suitable for a seventh-grade reading level.

The brochure must contain:

  • Drug Class
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Drug Administration and Dosage
  • Drug/food Interactions
  • Lab effects/Interference
  • Nursing Management
  • Patient Education Considerations
  • Patient Assessment
  • Potential Side Effects/Adverse Effects/Toxicities
  • Special Considerations

Additionally, prepare a separate document including your name, date, class, a paragraph describing the intended audience and use of your brochure, and an APA formatted references page with at least two credible sources.

Paper For Above instruction

The chosen pharmacological agent for this educational brochure is the oral SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2018. Dapagliflozin is a relatively new medication used primarily to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As this medication has been on the market for less than five years, it represents an innovative approach to diabetes management, offering benefits such as decreased blood glucose levels and weight loss, with a novel mechanism of action that distinguishes it from older therapies.

Intended Audience and Use

This brochure is designed for adult patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who are beginning dapagliflozin therapy. The goal is to educate these patients on how the drug works, its administration, potential side effects, and necessary safety precautions. This material aims to promote adherence, enhance understanding, and facilitate safe use of dapagliflozin, thereby improving health outcomes and optimizing diabetes management.

Introduction to Dapagliflozin

Drug Class: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.

Mechanism of Action: Dapagliflozin works by inhibiting SGLT2 proteins in the kidneys, which are responsible for reabsorbing glucose from urine back into the bloodstream. By blocking this process, dapagliflozin promotes glucose excretion through urine, thereby lowering blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM.

Administration and Dosage: Dapagliflozin is administered orally once daily, with or without food. The typical starting dose is 10 mg per day, which can be increased to 5 mg or 10 mg based on efficacy and tolerability. Patients should follow their healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage adjustments.

Drug/food Interactions: Concomitant use of dapagliflozin with other medications that affect renal function or cause dehydration can increase risks such as hypotension or kidney injury. Herbal supplements and medications that increase urine production, such as diuretics, may enhance adverse effects. Alcohol can also increase the risk of hypoglycemia or dehydration.

Lab Effects/Interference: Dapagliflozin may cause increases in serum creatinine and decreases in eGFR, indicating potential impact on renal function. Monitoring renal function through blood tests is essential during therapy.

Nursing Management: Nurses should assess renal function and electrolyte levels prior to and during treatment. They should monitor for signs of dehydration, hypotension, urinary tract infections, and genital mycotic infections, which are common adverse effects.

Patient Education Considerations: Patients should be instructed to take dapagliflozin exactly as prescribed, maintain adequate hydration, and monitor for signs of infection or dehydration. They should be advised to report symptoms such as unusual urination, genital itching, or dizziness.

Patient Assessment: Prior to starting therapy, assess renal function, hydration status, and risk factors for urinary infections. During treatment, monitor blood glucose, blood pressure, renal function, and for adverse effects.

Potential Side Effects/Adverse Effects/Toxicities: Common side effects include urinary tract infections, genital yeast infections, increased urination, and dehydration. Serious adverse effects can include ketoacidosis, Fournier’s gangrene, and acute kidney injury. Patients should be aware of these symptoms and seek prompt medical attention if they occur.

Special Considerations: Use caution in elderly patients, those with renal impairment, and patients with a history of urinary tract infections. Dapagliflozin should be discontinued if kidney function worsens or severe side effects develop. It is vital to inform patients about maintaining hydration and recognizing early signs of adverse reactions.

In summary, dapagliflozin represents a promising new class of medication for type 2 diabetes, offering benefits beyond glucose control, such as weight loss and blood pressure reduction. With proper nursing management and patient education, this medication can be used safely and effectively to improve patient outcomes in diabetes care.

References

  • FDA. (2018). Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) Prescribing Information. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
  • DeFronzo, R. A., et al. (2017). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 5(11), 864-874.
  • Zinman, B., et al. (2015). Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 373(22), 2117-2128.
  • Heerspink, H. J. L., et al. (2019). SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of diabetes: Evidence from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME and CANVAS trials. Diabetes Care, 42(9), 1612-1620.
  • Wiviott, S. D., et al. (2019). Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(4), 347-357.
  • International Diabetes Federation. (2022). Clinical Practice Recommendations for SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetes Management.
  • American Diabetes Association. (2023). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2023.
  • Neal, B., et al. (2017). Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 377, 644-657.
  • Bonner, J. M., et al. (2021). Management of diabetes with SGLT2 inhibitors: Safety considerations. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(19), 4370.
  • Zafar, A., et al. (2020). Pharmacology and clinical considerations of SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetes. Advances in Therapy, 37, 2174-2188.

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