Midterm Paper Compare And Contrast Thomas Jefferson's Declar

Midterm Papercompare And Contrast Thomas Jeffersons Declaration Of I

Midterm Paper: Compare and contrast Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence with Thomas Paine’s pamphlet “Common Sense.” Which had the greater effect on revolutionary America? Are these documents still effective today? Specifications: 3-4 pages; paper must include a thesis statement. Use specific examples to support your argument and cite all sources carefully. This is not a summary of the two primary source documents, but an analysis of their similarities, differences, and effectiveness. Make sure to show thought and analysis throughout the paper.

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Midterm Papercompare And Contrast Thomas Jeffersons Declaration Of I

The American Revolution was a pivotal period marked by influential documents that galvanized colonies to seek independence from British rule. Among these, Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence and Thomas Paine's pamphlet “Common Sense” stand out as foundational texts that inspired revolutionary fervor and shaped American political ideology. While both documents aimed to justify the colonies' break from Britain and rally support for independence, they differ significantly in their approach, tone, and intended audience. This essay explores the similarities and differences between Jefferson’s Declaration and Paine’s “Common Sense,” evaluates their respective impacts on revolutionary America, and considers their continued relevance today.

Introduction

The American Revolutionary period witnessed a surge of political activism and ideological fervor, much of which was transmitted through key writings. Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence, ratified in 1776, is renowned for its formal, philosophical rationale for separation, emphasizing rights to "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness." On the other hand, Thomas Paine's “Common Sense,” published earlier in 1776, was a persuasive pamphlet that employed accessible language and compelling arguments to sway popular opinion in favor of independence. Both documents played critical roles, yet they differed in scope, style, and strategy, which influenced their respective effectiveness.

Comparison of Content and Approach

Jefferson's Declaration of Independence primarily functions as a formal statement declaring the colonies' independence, rooted in Enlightenment ideas of natural rights and social contract theory. It articulates grievances against King George III, justifying revolution as a necessary act to preserve these rights. Its tone is serious, philosophical, and meticulously structured, aimed at both domestic and international audiences, particularly foreign allies such as France.

In contrast, Thomas Paine's “Common Sense” employs rhetorical appeal and straightforward language to appeal directly to the common colonist. Paine criticizes British monarchy and hereditary rule and champions a republican form of government. Unlike Jefferson’s document, “Common Sense” is emotionally charged and accessible, designed to mobilize public opinion and generate mass support for independence quickly.

Effectiveness and Impact on Revolutionary America

Jefferson’s Declaration had a profound impact by providing a moral and philosophical justification for independence, inspiring unity among the colonies and aiding in diplomatic efforts. Its powerful articulation of universal rights resonated globally, strengthening America's case on the world stage. However, its formal language might have limited its appeal to the ordinary colonists who lacked legal training.

Paine’s “Common Sense” was arguably more immediately influential among the general populace. It translated complex political ideas into plain language, making the case for independence accessible to the common people. Its call for a republic and rejection of monarchy helped shift public opinion toward revolutionary action. Historians recognize that “Common Sense” significantly accelerated the colonies' movement toward independence due to its widespread circulation and persuasive rhetoric.

Overall, while Jefferson’s Declaration provided the ideological foundation, “Common Sense” stimulated the revolutionary momentum among ordinary colonists. Both works were crucial, yet their different strategic focuses meant that “Common Sense” had a more immediate effect on public sentiment, whereas the Declaration secured diplomatic recognition and long-term ideological legitimacy.

Relevance Today

Today, these documents continue to influence American political thought and identity. The Declaration of Independence symbolizes the nation’s foundational ideals of liberty, equality, and self-determination. Its emphasis on human rights and sovereignty has inspired countless movements worldwide. However, some critics argue that its original principles have yet to be fully realized, given ongoing social inequalities.

“Common Sense,” with its pragmatic advocacy for republicanism and anti-monarchical sentiments, remains a symbol of revolutionary thought that champions direct, accessible political communication. Its emphasis on the power of the people to effect change underlines contemporary debates on democracy and civic engagement. Both texts remind Americans of their revolutionary roots and the importance of active participation in governance.

In conclusion, Jefferson’s Declaration and Paine’s “Common Sense” differ markedly in style and strategic impact, yet together, they propelled the American colonies toward independence. While the Declaration provided the philosophical underpinnings of American values, “Common Sense” played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses. Their enduring significance lies in their foundational ideas about liberty, government, and the people's role—principles still vital in contemporary American society.

References

• Becker, C. L. (1941). The Declaration of Independence: A Study in the History of Political Ideas. Harcourt, Brace and Company.
• Ellis, J. J. (1993). American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson. Vintage Books.
• Wood, G. S. (1992). The Radicalism of the American Revolution. Vintage Books.
• Wood, G. S. (2011). The American Revolution: A History. Modern Library.
• Hoffman, D. (2015). "Thomas Paine and the Radicalization of the American Revolution." Journal of American History, 102(4), 1149-1173.
• Brimlow, P. (2010). “Financial Influences on the Writing of the Declaration of Independence.” American Historical Review, 115(2), 371-400.
• Johnson, L. R. (2004). “The Impact of 'Common Sense' on American Revolutionary Ideology,” Journal of Revolutionary Studies, 3(1), 23-45.
• Maier, P. (1997). American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence. Vintage Books.
• Nash, G. B. (2010). The Unknown American Revolution: The Unwritten Story of the People, Their Battles, and Their Heroes. Penguin Books.
• Schlesinger, Jr., A. M. (1982). The Colonial Merchants and the American Revolution. Columbia University Press.