Name Chem 100 Chemistry Society

Name Chem 100chemistry Societyfi

Define the following terms: a. H+ donor b. H+ acceptor c. Hydronium Ion d. Hydroxide Ion

Name five kinds of pollution found in water.

Explain how reverse osmosis can be used to purify sea water.

Name 5 functional groups discussed in the energy chapter.

What is the difference between a fossil fuel and renewable energy?

Draw and name the ten alkane hydrocarbons discussed in class.

Name the seven diatomic molecules 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

State the three subatomic particles. What is the charge and location of each? Subatomic particle Charge Location 1. 2. 3.

What is the difference between atomic weight and mass number?

Orbital Trends: Number of p subshells _______ Number of d subshells _______ Number of f subshells _______ Number of electrons allowed in each orbital _______

What is the difference between a primary pollutant and a secondary pollutant?

Define the law of conservation of matter. Define the law of definite proportions.

What do 103.5 g of lead (Pb) and 6.006 g of carbon (C) have in common?

Write and balance the following reactions: a. Propane and molecular oxygen combine to form carbon dioxide and water b. Hydrobromic acid and potassium hydroxide combine to form potassium bromide and water.

Calculate the number of moles for the given amount of each substance: a. 14.3g of ethane (C2H6) b. 0.2 g of ibuprofen (C13H18O)

Why are there seasonal fluctuations in ozone concentration above the South Pole?

Name two properties of water that are unusual because of the presence of hydrogen bonding between adjacent water molecules.

What are the two major applications of radioisotopes in nuclear medicine?

What is the role of sulfur in the vulcanization process?

What is an essential amino acid?

What is a vitamin? What is the function of a vitamin?

Name three major classes of antibiotics.

Why is quartz (a silicate) an electrical insulator, but pure silicon a semiconductor of electricity?

What stabilizing forces hold the double helix together in the secondary structure of DNA proposed by Watson and Crick?

Discuss three of the most interesting things you learned from this class.

Paper For Above instruction

The final exam for CHEM 100: Chemistry & Society encompasses a broad spectrum of fundamental and applied chemistry concepts, requiring students to demonstrate understanding of chemical terminology, environmental issues, molecular structures, nuclear chemistry, and biochemistry. This comprehensive assessment aims to evaluate students’ grasp of core principles, their ability to analyze chemical reactions, and their understanding of the relevance of chemistry in societal and environmental contexts.

Firstly, the exam begins with foundational chemical concepts such as acids and bases, where students must define H+ donors and acceptors, hydronium ions, and hydroxide ions. These definitions are crucial for understanding pH, acid-base reactions, and biochemical processes. Moving on to environmental chemistry, students are asked to identify types of water pollution, explaining purification techniques like reverse osmosis, which is vital for providing safe drinking water from seawater sources. Understanding pollution also involves differentiating between primary and secondary pollutants and recognizing pollutants' sources and impacts.

Another essential component involves organic chemistry, especially hydrocarbons. Students are required to draw the ten alkane hydrocarbons discussed in class, recognizing homologous series and their structures. The examination also touches on molecular bonding and atomic structure, requiring students to differentiate between atomic weight and mass number, detail the properties and electrons of subatomic particles, and discuss orbital trends such as the number of p, d, and f subshells. These questions deepen comprehension of atomic structure and periodic trends.

Furthermore, the exam assesses knowledge of molecules and reactions, including balancing chemical equations like combustion of propane and acid-base neutralizations, and calculating molar quantities of compounds like ethane and ibuprofen. It probes understanding of atmospheric chemistry by asking about seasonal fluctuations in ozone levels above the South Pole, illustrating the dynamic nature of Earth's atmosphere.

Water's unique properties, strongly influenced by hydrogen bonding, such as high specific heat and surface tension, are examined, emphasizing their importance to life. The use of radioisotopes in nuclear medicine highlights nuclear chemistry applications, while questions about sulfur's role in vulcanization and the significance of amino acids and vitamins link biochemistry to real-world health issues.

Additionally, the exam explores the differences between insulators and semiconductors, via the example of quartz and silicon, and delves into molecular biophysics by discussing DNA's double helix structure and stabilization forces. The comprehensive nature of this assessment underscores chemistry’s interdisciplinary essence, connecting it seamlessly to environmental science, biology, medicine, and industry.

References

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• Moore, J. W., & Taylor, B. N. (2010). Chemistry in Context. Cengage Learning.
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• Seinfeld, J. H., & Pandis, S. N. (2016). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. Wiley.
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• Mar نوفمبر, R., & Herzig, S. (2020). Nuclear Medicine: A Clinical Perspective. Elsevier.
• West, G. B., & Brown, J. H. (2012). Structural Bioinformatics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
• Lee, R. B., & Van Slyke, D. D. (2015). Biochemistry of Vitamins. Academic Press.
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