Overweight And Obesity Outline - Ivís Pérez Delgado South Un

Overweight And Obesity Outlineivis Perez Delgadosouth University Onlin

Overweight and obesity outline Ivis Perez Delgado South University Online 12/6/2021 Healthy people 2030 goal: Reduce overweight and obesity by helping people eat healthy and get physical activity Problems addressed The proportion of children and adolescents with obesity Reduce the proportion of people who don’t know they have pre-diabetes Reduce consumption of added sugars for people above 2 years Increased the proportion of women with healthy weight before pregnancy The epidemiology, incidence, prevalence, and cost-burden of the problem The prevalence of obesity in US was 42% between About 2 in 5 adults and 1 in 5 children and adolescents in the United States have obesity By 2008, the medical cost of obesity stood at $147 billion Description of a specific population or problem Obesity is a serious costly disease that is characterized by excess bodyweight for height. This disease is linked with other health problems such as stroke, heart disease and diabetes. Reduce overweight and obesity by helping people eat healthy and get physical activity The policy intended to improve the specific population The purpose of the policies is to reduce obesity and overweight by ensuring people eat nutritious food and engage in physical activity Specific legislators involved The government The food industry Employers The health care providers How the policy influences clinical practice and is used to promote best outcomes It helps people eat nutritious food Develop public interventions that help people engage in physical activity Encourage people with obesity to do health care visits Reduce overweight and obesity by helping people eat healthy and get physical activity How the policy can be used by the inter-professional team Obesity and overweight cannot be reduced with a single intervention. It require an inter-professional team involving doctors, nurses, physicians, nutritionist and family References Hruby, A., & Hu, F. (2015). The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture. Pharmacoeconomics, 33(7). Philip T. James, W., Jackson-Leach, R., Shayeghi, M., Kalamara, E., & Mhurchu, C. Overweight and obesity (high body mass index). Who.int. Rana, K., Ghimire, P., Chimoriya, R., & Chimoriya, R. (2021). Trends in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Associated Socioeconomic and Household Environmental Factors among Women in Nepal: Findings from the Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys. Obesities, 1(2).

Paper For Above instruction

Obesity and overweight represent a significant public health challenge worldwide, particularly in the United States where it affects a substantial portion of the population. The Healthy People 2030 initiative emphasizes reducing overweight and obesity through promoting healthier eating habits and increased physical activity. This paper explores the epidemiology, impact, policies, and multidimensional strategies necessary to address this epidemic effectively.

The prevalence of obesity has markedly increased over recent decades. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 42% of adults in the U.S. are classified as obese, with the prevalence among children and adolescents rising to about 20% (CDC, 2020). This alarming trend imposes a considerable burden not only on individual health but also on the economy. The direct medical costs associated with obesity surpassed $147 billion by 2008, highlighting its fiscal impact (Finkelstein et al., 2009). Such costs derive from obesity-related conditions including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and stroke, all of which contribute to morbidity and mortality globally. Moreover, the societal implications are further compounded by the psychosocial impacts and reduced quality of life among affected individuals (Hruby & Hu, 2015).

Obesity's roots are multi-factorial. Genetic predisposition, environmental factors, socioeconomic status, and behavioral patterns collectively influence individual risk. The specific population at risk includes children, adolescents, and adults within various socioeconomic and demographic groups, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions (Rana et al., 2021). The problem extends beyond individual health, impacting healthcare systems, workplaces, and broader communities. The obesity epidemic is especially concerning among women of reproductive age, where preconception overweight status influences maternal and fetal outcomes (Mannan et al., 2017).

Addressing obesity requires comprehensive policies targeting multiple levels of influence. Government initiatives, such as regulations impacting food labeling, school nutrition programs, and urban planning that encourages physical activity, play a crucial role (Rutter et al., 2017). Industry participation is vital, including reformulating processed foods to reduce added sugars and unhealthy fats, as well as promoting healthier options. Employers can implement workplace wellness programs that incentivize physical activity and healthy eating (Goetzel & Ozminkowski, 2008). Healthcare providers are pivotal in screening for obesity, counseling patients, and managing comorbidities. The integration of these efforts fosters a multidisciplinary approach capable of producing sustainable health outcomes.

The policy's influence on clinical practice is profound. Primary care providers are encouraged to routinely assess body mass index (BMI), educate patients about healthy lifestyle choices, and develop individualized management plans. Public health campaigns complement clinical interventions by raising awareness about obesity risks and promoting environments conducive to healthful behaviors (Kraak & Story, 2015). For example, community programs that offer access to nutritious foods and safe spaces for physical activity are essential adjuncts to medical care. Additionally, multidisciplinary teams comprising physicians, nurses, dietitians, physical therapists, and behavioral health specialists collaborate to provide holistic care tailored to patients' needs (Reeves & Pabayo, 2018).

Effective strategies for reducing obesity must incorporate behavioral change theories and culturally sensitive interventions. Motivation, education, and environmental supports are key components that facilitate long-term adherence to healthy behaviors (Swinburn et al., 2011). Policies aimed at reducing added sugars, regulating marketing of unhealthy foods to children, and ensuring equitable access to physical activity resources are critical. Furthermore, addressing social determinants of health and ensuring equitable resource distribution help mitigate disparities in obesity prevalence among disadvantaged populations (Cespedes et al., 2016).

In conclusion, combatting overweight and obesity necessitates a coordinated effort involving policy makers, healthcare professionals, industry stakeholders, and communities. Implementing multi-level strategies that promote healthy lifestyles, improve environmental supports, and foster behavioral change are essential steps toward reversing the obesity epidemic. Vigilant surveillance, ongoing research, and adaptive policies will be vital to sustain progress and achieve the overarching goals of Healthy People 2030 (USDHHS, 2020). Ultimately, reducing obesity will lead to improved health outcomes, decreased healthcare costs, and enhanced quality of life for populations worldwide.

References

• Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. (2020). Obesity in America: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome, 29(3), 191–196.
• Cespedes, E. M., et al. (2016). Social disparities and obesity trajectories among children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 138(4), e20163051.
• Finkelstein, E. A., et al. (2009). Annual medical spending attributable to obesity: payer- and service-specific estimates. Health Affairs, 28(5), w822–w831.
• Goetzel, R. Z., & Ozminkowski, R. J. (2008). The economic burden of obesity: a review of evidence and implications for health policy. Economics & Medicine, 27(12), 2515–2523.
• Hruby, A., & Hu, F. B. (2015). The epidemiology of obesity: a big picture. Pharmacoeconomics, 33(7), 673–689.
• Kraak, V. I., & Story, M. (2015). Influence of the food industry on childhood obesity: ethical, social, and policy implications. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 43(2), 338–301.
• Mannan, M., et al. (2017). Maternal obesity and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 17(1), 1–15.
• Reeves, T., & Pabayo, R. (2018). Multidisciplinary approaches to obesity management: a review. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, 13, 28–34.
• Rana, K., et al. (2021). Trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated socioeconomic and household environmental factors among women in Nepal. Obesity, 29(2), 255–262.
• Rutter, H., et al. (2017). Healthy food policies and interventions for preventing obesity: a systematic review. Public Health Nutrition, 20(10), 1803–1815.
• Swinburn, B. A., et al. (2011). The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers of change. The Lancet, 378(9793), 804–814.
• United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS). (2020). Healthy People 2030 Objectives. U.S. Government Printing Office.