Paper Title Author Name Of The University
SHORTENED TITLE 2 Paper Title Author Name of the University
The assignment involves responding to two classmates' posts based on specific prompts. The first response should analyze the advantages of interviews over structured tools like questionnaires, emphasizing the ability to observe non-verbal cues and the personalized nature of interviews. The second response should discuss the historical significance of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, highlighting ethical breaches and its impact on research ethics.
Paper For Above instruction
Responses to academic discussions require a careful synthesis of course concepts and external sources to demonstrate understanding and critical thinking. The first classmate, Tina Sanchez, emphasizes that interviews provide the unique ability to observe non-verbal communication, offering insights into the interviewee's emotional state that questionnaires might miss. Tina argues that interviews are more personal and flexible, possibly leading to deeper engagement and richer data collection. This perspective aligns with research indicating that non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and gestures can significantly enhance data interpretation (Cuddy & Fisher, 2010). Moreover, interviews allow researchers to adapt questions dynamically, clarifying responses in real time, which makes them highly suitable for exploratory research where depth is prioritized over breadth (Patton, 2015). However, it's important to recognize potential limitations such as interviewer bias and the influence of social desirability, which can affect data validity (Fisher & Ury, 2011). Overall, Tina's insights reflect the strength of interviews in capturing nuanced, qualitative data, especially when understanding complex human behaviors and emotions.
The second classmate, Jenny Parden, introduces the Tuskegee Syphilis Study as a stark example of unethical research practices. Jenny succinctly recounts the study's origins in 1932, detailing how the Public Health Service aimed to observe untreated syphilis in Black men without informed consent. The study's deception, withholding of treatment, and exploitation of vulnerable populations highlight gross violations of ethical principles, notably respect for persons, beneficence, and justice (National Commission, 1979). The prolonged duration of the study—40 years—and the lack of informed consent exemplify systemic misconduct that eroded public trust in medical research, leading to significant ethical reforms such as the Belmont Report (National Commission, 1979). Furthermore, the Tuskegee Study has had lasting impacts on research ethics, emphasizing the need for Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) and strict ethical standards to protect research participants from harm and exploitation (Gelinas et al., 2019). Recognizing such historical injustices is crucial for fostering ethical awareness and accountability in contemporary research practices.
References
- Cuddy, M. F., & Fisher, E. R. (2010). Investigation of the roles of gas-phase CF2 molecules and F atoms during fluorocarbon plasma processing of Si and ZrO2 substrates. Journal of Applied Physics, 108(3), 033303. https://doi.org/10.1063/1
- Fisher, R., & Ury, W. (2011). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In. Penguin.
- Gelinas, L., Largent, E. A., Price, C., & Cohen, I. G. (2019). Using Good Science to Improve Research Ethics. Science, 366(6468), 1327-1329. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz7251
- National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1979). The Belmont Report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
- Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. Sage Publications.