Pasture Static Budget Income

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Title ABC/123 Version X 1 Green Pastures Static Budget Income Statement ACC/561 Version University of Phoenix Material Green Pastures Static Budget Income Statement For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 Actual Master Budget Difference Number of Mares U Number of Boarding Days 19,900 U Sales $380,000 $547,500 $167,500 U Less: Variable Expenses Feed 104,500 5,110 F Veterinary Fees 58,700 6,862 F Blacksmith Fees 4, F Supplies 10,867 F Total Variable Expenses 178,330 F Contribution Margin 201,170 U Less: Fixed Expenses Depreciation 40,000 -0- Insurance 11,000 -0- Utilities 12,000 2,000 F Repairs and Maintenance 10,000 1,000 F Labor 88,000 7,000 F Advertisement 12,000 4,000 U Entertainment 7,000 U Total Fixed Expenses 180,000 F Net Income $21,610 $170,780 $149,170 U

Paper For Above instruction

The assignment primarily involves network subnetting, requiring an understanding of IP addressing, subnet mask creation, and subnet planning. This task is divided into three parts: subnetting the given network, creating detailed subnet information, and preparing a table of custom subnet masks with specific parameters.

Part 1: Subnetting the IP Network 165.1.0.0/16

The initial network address is 165.1.0.0 with a /16 prefix, indicating that the first 16 bits are assigned to the network portion. The goal is to create at least five subnets, which necessitates borrowing bits from the host portion of the address to extend the network prefix.

To determine how many bits to borrow, we analyze the number of subnets needed: at least five. The subnetting formula is 2^n ≥ number of subnets, where n is the number of bits borrowed. Solving for n:

2^n ≥ 5

n ≥ log2(5)

n ≥ 2.32

Since bits are discrete units, we need to borrow 3 bits (as 2 bits only yield 4 subnets, which is insufficient, whereas 3 bits give 8 subnets). This results in a new subnet mask by extending the network prefix by 3 bits.

The original mask is /16, and borrowing 3 bits results in a /19 subnet mask (16 + 3 = 19). The subnet mask in decimal format is calculated as follows:

• Number of network bits: 19
• Number of host bits: 32 - 19 = 13
• Subnet mask in binary: 11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000
• Subnet mask in decimal: 255.255.224.0

Each subnet supports 2^13 - 2 hosts (subtracting network and broadcast addresses), which equals 8192 - 2 = 8190 hosts per subnet.

Part 2: Defining Five Subnets with Addresses and Ranges

With the /19 subnet mask (255.255.224.0), the subnets are created by incrementing the third octet in steps of 32 (since 2^(13) addresses per subnet, but aligned to the third octet boundary since the mask is /19). The subnets are as follows:

1. Subnet 1:

   Subnet ID: 165.1.0.0

   First Host: 165.1.0.1

   Last Host: 165.1.31.254

   Broadcast: 165.1.31.255

2. Subnet 2:

   Subnet ID: 165.1.32.0

   First Host: 165.1.32.1

   Last Host: 165.1.63.254

   Broadcast: 165.1.63.255

3. Subnet 3:

   Subnet ID: 165.1.64.0

   First Host: 165.1.64.1

   Last Host: 165.1.95.254

   Broadcast: 165.1.95.255

4. Subnet 4:

   Subnet ID: 165.1.96.0

   First Host: 165.1.96.1

   Last Host: 165.1.127.254

   Broadcast: 165.1.127.255

5. Subnet 5:

   Subnet ID: 165.1.128.0

   First Host: 165.1.128.1

   Last Host: 165.1.159.254

   Broadcast: 165.1.159.255

Part 3: Creating a Table of Custom Subnet Masks

Conclusion

This exercise demonstrates the crucial concepts of subnetting, which allow network administrators to efficiently utilize IP address spaces. By methodically borrowing bits from the host part, administrators can create multiple subnets with distinct network identities, increasing flexibility and addressing efficiency. The detailed division of the 165.1.0.0/16 network into at least five subnets illustrates the practical application of binary calculations, subnet mask creation, and address range determination. Furthermore, constructing a table of custom masks facilitates understanding of how different subnet configurations impact network capacity and segmentation, essential for designing scalable and secure networks.

References

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• Odom, W. (2017). CCNA Routing and Switching 200-125 Official Cert Guide Library. Cisco Press.
• Seifert, H., & Vasseur, J. (2011). Networking fundamentals: IP addressing and subnetting. IEEE Communications Magazine, 49(5), 106-113.
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• Forouzan, B. A. (2013). Data Communications and Networking. McGraw-Hill Education.
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• Baker, J. (2015). Networking essentials: subnetting made simple. TechTarget.