Please Cite Each Question: How Do You Define Stakeholder

Please Cite Each Questions1 How Do You Define Stakeholder Are Con

Please cite each question!!! 1. How do you define stakeholder? Are consumers considered stakeholders? Why or why not? Stakeholders originated with corporate business, so why it is used in health care? Words each 2. Why is understanding patients’ accounts important for health care administration and management professionals? How do you explain the term "revenue cycle professionals" as discussed in this week's Course Enhancements link? Words 3. Identify one of the health professions discussed in our reading as one in which you are interested. Why is it of interest to you? What might be the challenges with this profession? 4. What can the United States' health care system learn from health care systems such as Universal Health (UHC) or nationalized health care services in other countries? What roles, if any, should the federal government have in health care planning? Explain. Words each

Paper For Above instruction

Healthcare systems worldwide face continuous evolution driven by demographic shifts, technological advances, economic challenges, and changing policy landscapes. Central to understanding and improving these systems is the concept of stakeholders and their diverse roles in shaping healthcare delivery. This paper addresses several critical questions related to stakeholders, patient accounts, health professions, and international healthcare models, emphasizing their significance in health care management and policy development.

Defining Stakeholders in Healthcare

A stakeholder is any individual, group, or organization that has an interest in or is affected by the activities, decisions, and outcomes of a particular institution or system. In the context of healthcare, stakeholders include patients, healthcare providers, payers, government agencies, insurance companies, and the broader community (Freeman, 1984). Consumers, or patients, are indeed considered key stakeholders because their health outcomes and satisfaction often directly influence healthcare institutions and policies.

Historically, the term 'stakeholder' originated in corporate business as a way to identify those who have a vested interest in the success and ethical functioning of a company (Freeman, 1984). Its adoption in healthcare signifies a shift towards a more inclusive and participatory approach to health management, recognizing that multiple parties—beyond traditional providers—play crucial roles. Such inclusion fosters accountability, improves health outcomes, and enhances system efficiency (Mitchell, Agle, & Wood, 1997).

The Importance of Patient Accounts in Healthcare Administration

Understanding patients' accounts of their health experiences is vital for healthcare administration and management professionals as it provides insights into patient satisfaction, quality of care, and areas needing improvement (O'Cathain et al., 2019). Patient accounts encompass their perceptions, expectations, and feedback regarding healthcare services, which can influence patient engagement and adherence to treatment (Bleich et al., 2019).

Revenue cycle professionals are pivotal in managing the financial processes involved in patient care, including billing, coding, collections, and revenue generation (Buchanan et al., 2018). They ensure that healthcare providers receive appropriate compensation for services rendered, which is essential for financial sustainability and operational effectiveness. Effective revenue cycle management can lead to reduced errors, faster billing cycles, and improved cash flow (Kumar, 2020).

Interest in Health Professions and Challenges

Among various health professions discussed, I am particularly interested in nursing because it is foundational to delivering patient-centered care and improving health outcomes (American Nurses Association, 2021). Nursing offers a diverse range of roles, from direct patient care to leadership and policy advocacy, making it a dynamic and rewarding field.

However, challenges within nursing include workforce shortages, burnout, and the need for continuous education to keep pace with medical advances (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2022). Addressing these challenges requires systemic changes such as improved staffing ratios, supportive work environments, and investment in professional development.

Lessons from International Healthcare Systems

The United States can learn valuable lessons from universal healthcare systems such as those in the United Kingdom (National Health Service) or Canada, where healthcare is primarily publicly funded and accessible based on need rather than ability to pay (WHO, 2020). These systems emphasize cost containment, equitable access, and integration of health services, which could inform reforms in the U.S. to reduce disparities and improve efficiency.

The role of the federal government in healthcare planning should be significant, focusing on regulating quality, ensuring equitable access, and controlling costs. It can facilitate universal coverage, support public health initiatives, and coordinate resources across states to create a more cohesive and sustainable healthcare infrastructure (Schoen et al., 2019).

Overall, integrating lessons from successful healthcare models worldwide and enhancing government involvement can promote a more equitable, efficient, and patient-centered U.S. healthcare system.

References

• American Nurses Association. (2021). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice. ANA.
• Bleich, S. N., Beauchamp, A., & Sacks, R. (2019). Patient perceptions of healthcare quality and their implications. Health Affairs, 38(2), 287-293.
• Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022). Occupational outlook handbook: Registered nurses. U.S. Department of Labor.
• Buchanan, J., Cross, K., & Bardach, D. (2018). Revenue cycle management in healthcare: An overview. Journal of Healthcare Finance, 45(4), 1-12.
• Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman Publishing.
• Kumar, S. (2020). Financial management in healthcare: A guide. Healthcare Financial Management, 74(1), 24-29.
• Mitchell, R. K., Agle, B. R., & Wood, D. J. (1997). Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience. Academy of Management Review, 22(4), 853-886.
• O'Cathain, A., et al. (2019). Patient-centered health care: Perspectives and practices. BMJ Open, 9(6), e028124.
• Schoen, C., Osborn, R., & Squires, D. (2019). Measuring the quality of health care: An overview. Health Affairs, 38(3), 545-552.
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). World health statistics 2020. WHO.