Please Write The Definitions For These Words And Provide Two

Please Write The Definition For These Words Andprovide Twoexamplesfor

Please write the definition for these words and provide two examples for each one. The definition should relate to “linguistic form“ / grammar.

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1. Absolute adjective

An absolute adjective expresses a quality that is considered in its extreme or without comparison, often describing inherent or complete states. It does not usually compare or modify in degrees. For example, "dead" (as in "He is dead") and "unique" (as in "This is a unique artifact").

2. Abstract noun

An abstract noun denotes an idea, quality, or state that cannot be perceived by the senses. It refers to concepts rather than physical objects. Examples include "freedom" and "happiness".

3. Adjective

An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun, providing more information about it. For example, "blue" in "blue sky" and "tall" in "tall building".

4. Adverb

An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb, often indicating manner, place, time, or degree. Examples are "quickly" in "She runs quickly" and "very" in "It is very tall".

5. Ambiguity

Ambiguity occurs when a linguistic form can be interpreted in more than one way, leading to uncertainty. For example, "Visiting relatives can be annoying," which could mean either relatives who visit or the act of visiting relatives.

6. Antecedent

An antecedent is a word or phrase that a pronoun refers to or replaces. For instance, in "The student lost her book," "the student" is the antecedent of "her".

7. Auxiliary verb

An auxiliary verb is used with a main verb to express tense, aspect, modality, or voice. Examples include "be," "have," and "do," as in "She is running" or "They have finished".

8. Case

Case refers to the grammatical category that shows the syntactic or semantic relationship between a noun or pronoun and other parts of a sentence. Examples are nominative case ("I") and accusative case ("me").

9. Collective noun

A collective noun designates a group of individuals or items considered as a single entity. Examples include "team" and "jury".

10. Common noun

A common noun refers to a general item, person, or place, not a specific one. Examples are "dog" and "city".

11. Comparative degree

The comparative degree of an adjective or adverb compares two entities, usually formed with "-er" or "more". For example, "taller" in "John is taller than Mike" and "more beautiful" in "This painting is more beautiful than that one".

12. Conjunction

A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses. Examples are "and" in "I like tea and coffee" and "but" in "She is smart but shy".

13. Coordinating conjunction

Coordinating conjunctions join two independent clauses of equal syntactic importance. Examples include "for," "and," "nor," "but," "or," "yet," and "so" (FANBOYS). For instance, "She wanted to go, but it was raining".

14. Countable noun

A countable noun refers to items that can be counted individually. Examples include "apple" and "chair".

15. Definite article

The definite article "the" specifies a particular noun that is known to the listener or reader. For example, "the book" refers to a specific book.

16. Degree

Degree in grammar indicates the level of intensity or comparison of adjectives and adverbs, such as positive, comparative, and superlative. Examples are "fast," "faster," and "fastest".

17. Demonstrative pronoun

Demonstrative pronouns point to specific entities in discourse. Examples include "this," "that," "these," and "those". For instance, "This is delicious," or "Those are my friends".

18. Derivational affix

A derivational affix is a prefix or suffix added to a root to create a new word with a different meaning or grammatical category. Examples include "happy" to "unhappy" (prefix) and "beauty" to "beautiful" (suffix).

19. Determiner

A determiner introduces a noun and provides context such as definiteness or quantity. Examples include "a," "an," "the," "some," and "each". For example, "a dog" or "the apple".

20. Flat adverb

A flat adverb is an adverb that does not change form between degrees, often derived from adjectives without morphological change. For example, "fast" used in "He runs fast" and "He runs faster".

21. Form classes

Form classes refer to categories of words based on their grammatical functions, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. They determine the form and usage of words in sentences.

22. Hypercorrection

Hypercorrection occurs when language users over-apply rules, often in an attempt to sound more correct, which can lead to errors. For example, saying "ain't" instead of "isn't" to sound more formal.

23. Indefinite article

The indefinite articles "a" and "an" are used before nonspecific singular nouns. Example: "a car" and "an apple".

24. Indefinite pronoun

Indefinite pronouns refer to non-specific persons or objects. Examples include "someone," "anything," and "everyone". For example, "Someone is at the door".

25. Inflection

Inflection involves modifying a word to express different grammatical features such as tense, case, number, or gender. For example, "talk" to "talked" or "child" to "children".

26. Intensive reflexive pronoun

An intensive reflexive pronoun emphasizes the subject and is used for emphasis. Examples include "himself" in "He himself did the work".

27. Lexical feature

A lexical feature pertains to the inherent qualities of words, such as their semantic meanings, form, and usage. For example, whether a word is concrete or abstract.

28. Lexicon

Lexicon refers to the complete set of words and their meanings in a language or a particular speaker's vocabulary. For example, English lexicon includes words like "run," "blue," and "happiness".

References

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• Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J. (1985). A comprehensive grammar of the English language. Longman.
• Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman.
• Celce-McGuire, M. (2014). The Grammar Book: An ESL/EFL teacher's course. Heinle ELT.
• Huddleston, R., & Pullum, G. K. (2002). The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge University Press.
• Radford, A. (2004). English Syntax: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press.
• Cruse, D. A. (1986). Lexical Semantics. Cambridge University Press.
• Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2017). An Introduction to Language. Cengage Learning.
• O'Connor, M., & Binnick, R. (2010). The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology. Oxford University Press.
• Pinker, S. (1994). The Language Instinct. Harper Perennial.