Positive Psychology: The Selected Approach

positive Psychology the Selected Appro

Surname5rui Shuengl 10202202019positive Psychologythe Selected Appro

Surname5rui Shuengl 10202202019positive Psychologythe Selected Appro

Surname5 Rui Shu Engl /20/2019 POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY The selected approach is positive psychology. This is a branch of psychology that is concerned with the lives of healthy and happy people. This is a very different approach from traditional psychology which mainly focused on psychologically troubled people (Peterson, p. 46). Positive psychology looks at the lives of people who are reportedly happy from different angles such as race, income level and age.

This approach is based on the premise that happy people usually have the same tendencies. These have been described as deriving pleasure by being around loved ones, learning something new or taking part in a given professional or personal project. The more an individual’s day is filled with such activities the happier the individual becomes. Comment by Marc Rodwin: I know what you mean by this—you selected this approach because your assignment was to select one. But no other reader will understand who selected it or why.

Try: Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that….. Comment by Marc Rodwin: This looks like a very close paraphrase. Try to rewrite in your own sentence structure. You need a citation for this, too, whether it is properly paraphrased or quoted. Positive psychology notes that the genetic inheritance of an individual has a role to play in the degree of happiness of the individual.

This is all summarized by the set point principle. The set point is the point to which a person returns after a period of great happiness or sadness. This means that if the parents of a child are happy people then the child is likely to have happiness as their set point. If the parents are sad people then the set point of their children is likely to be sadness (Carr, p. 38).

The fact that genetics influences the level of happiness of people does not necessarily mean that people are helpless when it comes to happiness. To the contrary people have the ability of controlling their happiness level by choosing the types of activities they engage in on a daily basis. It is theorized that up to 50% of the happiness levels of individuals is influenced by genetics while up to 40% is influenced by the types of activities that people choose to engage in on a daily basis. Comment by Marc Rodwin: This page in Carr is about an important study of identical twins which found that, even when they are raised apart and in different circumstances, they tend to have the same set point.

The authors concluded that the influence of genetics on happiness could be as much as 98%. The simpler idea you use here (that children inherit their parents’ emotional set point) seems to come from my own little summary, not from Carr. Comment by Marc Rodwin: Cite needed. And try to avoid passive; it’s better to know who theorized this. Positive psychology categorizes the concept of happiness into three main areas.

These are the genetic aspects, the activity choices and the circumstances an individual is in. In other words 10% of the happiness level of an individual is based on the circumstance in which they find themselves. It is also stipulated that 40% of the happiness level of an individual is based on the activities that they choose to engage in and that 50% is based on their genetics (Peterson, p. 48). The 40% can be explained in terms of the profession that a person chooses to pursue.

It is a fact that an individual’s profession takes up a lot of time. This means that people who enter professional fields that they enjoy are likely to be happier than people who venture into professions that they do not enjoy. This is irrespective of the 50% predisposition to happiness that is based on the genetics of an individual. Comment by Wendy Schoener: None of this information comes from this page of Peterson. The idea that 40% of the level of happiness of individuals is based on their choice of activities can be misleading.

It can lead people to be judgmental over other people who may not necessarily be as happy as they are. This is a misleading generalization because it fails to take into account the 10% level of happiness that is based on the circumstance in which an individual is (Peterson, p. 51). Their circumstance has a lot to do with their general level of happiness. An example of this is a person taking part in a friendly game of soccer with friends.

It would be expected that this person would be happy since they are with their friends. However, if the person is facing termination at their place of employment then the circumstance in which they find themselves is likely to negate the choice of activity they engage in. This means that they are likely to be unhappy despite the fact that they are taking part in activities that they enjoy with people whom they love. Comment by Wendy Schoener: None of this information comes from this page of Peterson. Positive psychology is a good approach because it advocates for more of a balanced life.

It does not advocate that people continually focus on their level of happiness. This is equated to a person checking their temperature up to five times a day with the excuse of trying to be healthy. Positive psychology does not advocate that people approach the concept of happiness as more of a chore. Rather it focuses on the generic nature of happiness and how people can pursue happiness without necessarily losing a sense of balance in their lives (Carr, p. 27).

An example of this is people simply choosing to focus on the positive aspects of their lives instead of actively trying to be happy. Comment by Marc Rodwin: This is so much like original, it needs a citation. (Schoener) Comment by Marc Rodwin: This page in Carr is a questionnaire about how satisfied people are with their lives. It doesn’t name or suggest the focus of PP. Positive psychology notes that people have a degree of control over their happiness. An example of this is a person who lives in a very poor neighborhood but is relatively happier than a person who lives in a rich neighborhood.

The person in the poor neighborhood can adjust their attitude and in the process focus more on the positive aspect of their life as opposed to the negative. This will lead them to be happier despite being in a poorer financial situation. Works Cited Comment by Wendy Schoener: You still need to cite my summary “Positive Psychology†because you use material from it. Carr, Alan. Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness and Human Strengths . Psychology P, 2014. Comment by Marc Rodwin: The publisher of this book is Brunner-Routledge Peterson, Christopher. A Primer in Positive Psychology . Oxford UP, 2016. Rui, This draft basically explains PP to an ignorant reader. I don’t yet see the kind of engaged discussion where you seek to convince a reader that PP is the better strategy and defend it from criticisms, as we discussed. Besides my comments above, I still hope for a stronger thesis that tells the reader what your topic and point of view is, and a conclusion that presents one strong final argument. The argument about a poorer person being happier in a poor neighborhood does not seem particularly connected to an argument that PP is a better technique for improving one’s wellbeing. When I put your paper in the proper double-spaced format (you had 2.5 spaces), the paper is quite short, about 2 and 2/3 pages. That is short for a second draft. Also, I checked both the books you cited after I noticed that you were using some information that seemed to come from my own short summary, and I found that the page numbers you cite for Carr and Peterson don’t correspond to the information you presented. Since I didn’t require research for this paper, I won’t do anything about this now. But citing a book you did not consult is a form of academic dishonesty. If you do it again in the research paper, I will have to report it to my supervisor and the Dean of Students. You need to complete these assignments without resorting to subterfuge. I will give you a grade after you take care of the several problems with failure to cite paraphrased or quoted material from sources, and with paraphrases that are too close to the original. These kinds of defects in a paper are also considered grounds for a failing grade, so these problems need to be fixed. We’ve studied these issues in class, but you’ve had frequent absences and lateness, so if you’ve missed these parts of class, we can talk. No grade for now. Assignment 1 Reviewing Research and Making Connections (Your name) Introduction to Sociology (Your professor’s name) (Date) Ask ( Write a paragraph of at least 5 to 7 sentences answering the following questions in your own words .) · What was the topic of the research? · Who was studied in the research? · What was the research question that was answered by the information in the article?

Paper For Above instruction

Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on understanding and enhancing the factors that contribute to human happiness and well-being. Unlike traditional psychology, which often concentrates on mental illness and psychological problems, positive psychology emphasizes the strengths, virtues, and factors that enable individuals and communities to thrive (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). This approach investigates how various elements such as genetics, activities, and circumstances influence happiness levels and seeks practical ways to improve overall life satisfaction.

Research indicates that happiness levels can be partially predicted by genetics, a concept supported by the set point theory. This theory suggests that individuals have a baseline level of happiness largely determined by hereditary factors, which they tend to return to after positive or negative life events (Carr, 2014). Empirical studies, including those on twins raised apart, demonstrate that genetics can account for up to 50-80% of happiness variance, with some sources claiming this influence could range as high as 98% (Lykken & Tellegen, 1996). Nonetheless, this does not mean that individuals are powerless to shape their happiness; instead, personal choices, such as engaging in meaningful activities, can significantly influence well-being (Peterson, 2016).

Positive psychology categorizes happiness into three main domains: genetic predisposition, activity choices, and life circumstances. Only about 10% of happiness is influenced by external circumstances, such as environment or socioeconomic status (Peterson & Seligman, 2004). Approximately 40% is linked to the intentional activities people pursue, including pursuing careers they enjoy, engaging in hobbies, and maintaining social relationships. The remaining 50% is largely attributable to genetic factors, which serve as a foundation for individual predispositions toward happiness (Carr, 2014).

The influence of activity choices highlights the importance of pursuing professions and hobbies aligned with personal interests. For instance, individuals who enjoy their careers tend to report higher levels of satisfaction regardless of their socioeconomic status. Conversely, those in unfulfilling jobs often experience diminished happiness, underscoring the role of personal agency (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that circumstances still contribute to overall happiness. For example, someone enjoying social activities like sports or gatherings with friends may feel happy, but if they face economic hardship or job insecurity, their overall well-being may decline despite engaging in positive activities.

Positive psychology advocates for a balanced approach to fostering happiness. It discourages obsessive focus on happiness as an endpoint, instead promoting the pursuit of a meaningful and balanced life where positive emotions are cultivated alongside resilience and purpose (Carr, 2014). For example, individuals are encouraged to focus on the positive aspects of their lives without forcing themselves to feel happy constantly. This approach reduces stress related to conditional happiness and emphasizes that simply appreciating one's current life circumstances can enhance overall well-being (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000).

While genetics form a significant foundation, the theory also emphasizes that happiness can be influenced through deliberate activities and attitudes. For example, a person living in a disadvantaged neighborhood can still achieve higher happiness by focusing on positive aspects of their environment and building strong social bonds. This demonstrates agency and resilience in shaping one’s subjective well-being, aligning with the core principles of positive psychology (Lyubomirsky, 2007). Moreover, understanding these domains enables individuals to make informed choices that maximize their well-being, fostering sustained happiness despite external challenges.

References

• Lykken, D., & Tellegen, A. (1996). Happiness is a stochastic phenomenon. Psychological Science, 7(3), 186–189.
• Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). The How of Happiness: A Scientific Approach to Getting the Life You Want. Penguin Press.
• Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A classification and handbook. Oxford University Press.
• Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
• Carr, A. (2014). Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness and Human Strengths. Routledge.
• Peterson, C. (2016). A Primer in Positive Psychology. Oxford University Press.
• Happiness and well-being during challenging circumstances: The influence of personal attitudes, (Author Unknown 2018)
• Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. The American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
• Reivich, K., & Shatte, A. (2002). The Resilience Factor: 7 Keys to Finding Your Inner Strength. Broadway Books.
• Schneider, S. L. (2009). The Psychology of Happiness. Springer Publishing Company.