Psych 317 Spring 2015 Exam 1 Answer: The Questions Below

Psyc 317 Spring 2015exam 1answer The Questions Below To The Best Of

The assignment involves answering multiple-choice and short-answer questions related to research design, statistics, business, ethics, and economics. It includes interpretative and calculation questions, requiring showing work for calculations and providing detailed explanations where necessary.

Answer the questions below to the best of your ability. Partial credit will be awarded where possible. You MUST SHOW YOUR WORK for full credit for calculation problems.

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

This paper provides comprehensive responses to a varied set of questions spanning research design, statistical analysis, business management, economics, and ethics. The aim is to demonstrate understanding of key concepts through detailed explanations, calculations, and applying theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios.

Research Design and Measurement

The first set of questions pertains to identifying design types, variables, and scales of measurement, as well as understanding statistical concepts like standard deviation and data distribution. Specifically, Dr. Franzen’s therapy study employs a controlled experimental design with random assignment, where the independent variable is the type of therapy administered—either the new therapy or traditional therapy—and the dependent variable is the level of anxiety measured on a scale from 0 to 7. The scale used here is an interval scale, given the equal distances between scores. The other scenario involves correlational analysis examining how distance from campus influences alcohol consumption, with the independent variable being distance (in miles) and the dependent variable being the number of drinks per week, also measured on an interval scale. A set of statistical questions explores the significance of a zero standard deviation (s = 0), skewness in data distributions, effects of data transformations, and properties such as mean, median, and mode, which are essential for understanding data characteristics and choosing appropriate statistical methods.

Calculations and Data Analysis

The assignment calls for calculating mean, median, and mode from given data, standardizing scores using z-scores, and computing the range based on real limits. Variance calculations are required for a data set with known mean, along with frequency distributions, and probability estimations assuming normal distribution, such as the SAT scores problem. These involve applying formulas and concepts like standard score transformations, identifying percentile ranks, and calculating probabilities using the properties of the normal distribution. For example, transforming scores into z-scores uses the formula z = (X - μ) / σ, and probability estimates are derived from standard normal tables or z-scores. Calculating the range with real limits considers the continuous nature of data, accounting for the class intervals or score ranges.

Probability and Statistics in Real-Life Contexts

Questions involving card probabilities require applying basic combinatorial principles and understanding conditional probabilities, such as calculating the likelihood of specific suits or values drawn from a deck without replacement. The scenario involving the chance that Adnan will have to perform certain chores based on card draws demonstrates probability calculations involving independent and conditional events. The example of SAT scores applied to normal distribution demonstrates how to find probabilities and cutoff scores corresponding to specific percentiles.

Business and Economics

Questions explore managerial functions, market structures, and policies, such as how managers motivate employees, the characteristics of competitive markets exemplified by eBay, and issues like government subsidies, tariffs, and their effects on consumer and producer surpluses. Topics include the role of supply and demand, opportunity costs, and the impact of policies like tariffs on domestic industries and foreign trade. For instance, a tariff on Japanese trucks benefits U.S. domestic manufacturers by protecting them from foreign competition, whereas consumers face higher prices.

Ethics, Communication, and Decision-Making

The assignment emphasizes the importance of ethics in business, the roles of communication in organizational settings, and decision-making processes, including bounded rationality. Ethical issues involve understanding what constitutes morally acceptable behavior versus moral judgment. Effective communication methods such as persuasive messaging, credibility-building strategies, and the importance of understanding audience needs are highlighted. The questions also cover the importance of adhering to legal standards, such as the requirements of valid contracts and administrative procedures, and understanding the elements of creativity and leadership styles.

Conclusion

This comprehensive analysis covers multiple facets of research methodology, statistical analysis, business operations, ethics, and economics. Each answer is supported by theoretical reasoning, calculations, and practical examples, demonstrating a thorough understanding of the subject matter and the ability to apply concepts in academic and real-world contexts.

References

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