Q1 In A Communication Diagram, A Sequence Number Indicates T

Q1 In A Communication Diagram Ansequence Numberindicates The Order

In a communication diagram, a sequence number indicates the order of the messages. a. true b. false

A method signature in UML provides all the necessary information to invoke or call a method, including parameter types and return type. a. true b. false

A detailed sequence diagram should focus on the classes involved only in specific use case preconditions and postconditions to maintain clarity and relevance. a. true b. false

Using a combination of prototyping and model building is considered the most effective approach for developing systems because it allows for iterative refinement and user feedback. a. true b. false

Communication diagrams and sequence diagrams both depict interactions but capture different aspects: communication diagrams focus on the structural organization, whereas sequence diagrams emphasize the timing of messages. a. true b. false

CRC cards are index cards used to document classes, their collaboration, and responsibilities in use case scenarios, aiding in system design and understanding. a. true b. false

In UML, a plus sign (+) indicates a public attribute or operation in a class, while a minus sign (-) indicates private, making the statement about private attributes incorrect. a. true b. false

Control classes are created to serve as a collection point for incoming messages, managing the flow of control within a system. a. Persistent classes b. Use case controllers c. Control classes d. Links

ColdFusion is an advanced web development tool used to access databases from web pages, facilitating server-side scripting and data management. a. HTML b. XML c. Cold Fusion d. JavaScript

Designers often sketch statechart fragments to illustrate and understand specific control processes within a system, aiding in the design phase. a. true b. false

It is generally challenging to limit changes to an adapter class because it acts as an interface between systems, and modifications can have widespread impacts. a. true b. false

In a three-layer architecture involving Java, the servlet identified for input forms can act as the use case controller, managing user interactions and business logic. a. application server processor b. use case controller c. code behind object d. compiler

A two-layer architecture is suitable for systems supporting multiple user interfaces, such as both internet and network-based interfaces, allowing for better separation of concerns. a. true b. false

Web pages can be depicted in an implementation diagram using framesets, often with stereotypes indicating their roles or types. a. true b. false

Implementing the singleton pattern in code is often complex due to synchronization and instance management requirements. a. true b. false

Key attributes in databases can be natural, derived, or invented, depending on the system design and requirements. a. true b. false

Administrators typically access the physical storage of a DBMS directly when managing hardware and database files, but not in routine operations. a. true b. false

Using internally invented keys, or surrogate keys, is often the safest long-term strategy because they are unique and stable, regardless of external data changes. a. true b. false

In relational databases, the primary key guarantees the uniqueness of each row within a table, ensuring data integrity. a. true b. false

Invented keys, such as surrogate keys, cannot be externally assigned because they are generated internally to maintain uniqueness. a. true b. false

Declaring an association as a set allows an object to relate to multiple instances of another object type, supporting complex relationships through object identifiers. a. primary key b. attribute c. complex type d. set

The ODMG standards underpin the Java Data Objects (JDO) standards and define interfaces for object-database integration across several programming languages. a. true b. false

When designing for the computer medium, it is advisable to optimize for low bandwidth to ensure better performance and usability. a. true b. false

Interfaces that are easy to learn are especially important for regular office workers who use systems throughout the day, facilitating efficiency and satisfaction. a. true b. false

The concept of consistency was emphasized by Xerox PARC in the 1980s, leading to better human-computer interaction design principles. a. true b. false

Analysts usually design system interfaces and user interfaces together because both require similar technologies and expertise, promoting seamless integration. a. true b. false

After identifying required dialogs in a system, designers document those dialogs to ensure clarity and completeness in interaction design. a. true b. false

Including Cancel buttons on all dialog boxes provides users with an option to go back or abort, improving usability and error recovery. a. true b. false

The object-oriented approach to user-centered design emphasizes understanding users, their tasks, and scenarios to create effective systems. a. true b. false

Access control mechanisms validate user inputs for correctness and appropriateness as part of maintaining system integrity. a. true b. false

Authentication involves verifying a user's identity, often before granting access to protected resources and data. a. true b. false

Transaction logging is a technique to connect summary fields with detailed data, enabling dynamic viewing of underlying information. a. false b. true

Reusing information already available in the computer can help reduce errors and improve system reliability, aligning with principles of error reduction. a. true b. false

A report that includes both detailed transactions and summarized information is called a control break report, useful for managerial decision-making. a. true b. false

Reports focused on specific operational transactions are called detailed reports, contrasting with summary or executive reports. a. true b. false

Web-based systems often communicate directly with other systems through message passing, exemplified by electronic data interchange (EDI). a. true b. false

Testing software less frequently provides diminishing returns as errors become more complex to detect and fix due to ongoing changes. a. true b. false

Team size in system development projects is often kept small, typically no more than 5 members, to facilitate communication and coordination. a. true b. false

User acceptance testing primarily evaluates if the system's functions meet user needs and if the user interface is usable and effective. a. true b. false

System testing is generally performed at the end of the development process, after implementation, to verify the complete system's functionality. a. true b. false

Choosing appropriate component interaction standards and supporting system software is considered a key and challenging task in system acquisition. a. true b. false

Foundation classes are designed for reuse across many parts of a system, supporting object-oriented design principles. a. true b. false

Beta and production versions of software should be retained as long as they are installed on user machines, for ongoing support and updates. a. true b. false

Documentation tools like logs are used to record ideas and information for future reference or communication. a. false b. true

The quality of code tends to be higher in environments that promote pair programming, due to constant code review and collaboration. a. true b. false

A practice in extreme programming (XP) involves the continuous involvement of users to adapt the system to actual needs through iterations. a. true b. false

In XP, release-level activities such as planning and testing are repeated for each iteration, not just once. a. true b. false

The first activity in an XP release cycle often involves planning a series of iterations to deliver incremental value. a. true b. false

Microsoft’s component technology for software interaction and component connection is known as COM+. a. true b. false

Foundation classes are usually organized into inheritance hierarchies, enabling reuse and extension in object-oriented design. a. true b. false