Question 1: Your State Has A Forthcoming Referendum

Question 1your State Has A Forthcoming Referendum Concerning No Smoki

Question 1: Your state has a forthcoming referendum concerning no smoking in public places including bars and restaurants. Follow the ten steps (Refer below for ten steps) on negotiation planning. Minimum of 300 words. Step One: Objective; Step Two: What is the problem? Step Three: Long Term Liverpool and Impact; Step Four: Issues for Disposal; Step Five: Build your BATNA; Step Six: Evaluation and Objectives; Step Seven: Understanding goals and other goals; Step Eight: Appropriate Bid Bidding / Statement; Step Nine: See the community status; Step Ten: When are you staying?

Question 2: Understanding the Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases. A. The typical steps or flow in a negotiation can be found in the phase models of negotiation: 300 words minimum. 1. Initiation. 2. Problem solving. 3. Resolution. Define these three phases and give a thorough example of each. All discussions must be completed on-time and must include in-text citations and references in APA style formatting.

Paper For Above instruction

Negotiation planning is a critical process when addressing contentious issues such as the upcoming referendum on banning smoking in public places, including bars and restaurants. It involves a structured approach to understanding objectives, identifying issues, and developing strategies to influence the outcome. This essay explores the ten-step negotiation planning process applicable to this scenario and examines the stages and phases of negotiation with detailed examples.

Negotiation Planning Process

Step One: Objective

The primary objective in this context is to influence the referendum outcome to either support or oppose the smoking ban, aligning with the stakeholder’s interests. For example, local business owners might aim to oppose the ban to protect their revenue, while public health advocates support it to reduce health risks associated with secondhand smoke.

Step Two: What is the problem?

The problem centers on balancing public health benefits against economic impacts on businesses and personal freedom. The controversy arises from conflicting interests among health advocates, business owners, employees, and residents. Clarifying this issue helps negotiators understand the core concerns.

Step Three: Long Term Liverpool and Impact

Long-term impacts include potential changes in public health metrics, economic stability of the hospitality sector, and community norms regarding smoking. For instance, a ban could lead to decreased respiratory illnesses but might hurt business profitability, affecting employment levels over time.

Step Four: Issues for Disposal

Issues for disposal involve addressing specific worries such as enforcement, compliance costs, and exceptions for private clubs or designated smoking areas. Negotiators must evaluate which issues are negotiable and which are non-negotiable to move towards consensus.

Step Five: Build your BATNA

Developing a BATNA (Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement) entails preparing fallback options. Opponents might consider organizing a referendum to oppose the ban or seek legal challenges, while supporters may plan public health campaigns to sway public opinion.

Step Six: Evaluation and Objectives

Establish clear evaluation criteria, such as the level of support needed for a successful outcome, and define objectives for negotiations, like gaining concessions or ensuring enforcement mechanisms are in place. These objectives provide guidance during negotiations.

Step Seven: Understanding Goals and Other Goals

Recognizing the goals of all stakeholders is essential. For instance, health groups aim to protect public health, while business owners focus on revenue. Understanding these diverse goals helps craft strategies that accommodate multiple interests.

Step Eight: Appropriate Bid Bidding / Statement

Formulating strategic proposals involves making bids that are realistic yet persuasive. For example, proposing phased implementation or highlighting economic benefits of health improvements can be effective bid statements.

Step Nine: See the Community Status

Assessing community sentiment through surveys or public forums provides insights into prevailing attitudes toward smoking regulations, enabling negotiators to tailor their approaches accordingly.

Step Ten: When Are You Staying?

Deciding on the negotiation timeframe involves recognizing critical decision points and deadlines, such as the referendum date, ensuring negotiations occur within suitable timeframes to influence public opinion.

Understanding the Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases

Negotiations typically progress through three key phases: initiation, problem solving, and resolution.

Initiation

This phase involves identifying the issues, establishing rapport, and setting the agenda. For example, stakeholders from health organizations and business groups might convene to discuss their positions. An effective initiation sets a cooperative tone and clarifies objectives (Fisher & Ury, 1981).

Problem Solving

In this stage, parties explore mutual interests, share information, and brainstorm solutions. Suppose health advocates propose a phased ban with exemptions for certain venues, while business owners suggest designated smoking areas. This collaborative dialogue aims to find middle-ground solutions (Lewicki, Saunders, & Barry, 2010).

Resolution

Resolution involves finalizing agreements and implementing solutions. For instance, parties may agree on specific regulations, enforcement mechanisms, and timelines. Effective resolution requires clear documentation and commitment to uphold agreements (Shell, 2006).

Overall, understanding these phases with concrete examples enhances negotiation effectiveness in complex social issues such as smoking regulation referendums.

References

• Fisher, R., & Ury, W. (1981). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In. Penguin Books.
• Lewicki, R. J., Saunders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2010). Negotiation. McGraw-Hill Education.
• Shell, G. R. (2006). Bargaining for advantage: Negotiation strategies for reasoned negotiations. Penguin.
• Raiffa, H. (2002). Negotiation analysis: The science and art of collaborative decision making. Harvard University Press.
• Thompson, L. (2015). The mind and heart of the negotiator. Pearson.
• Salacuse, J. W. (2007). Negotiation strategies and diagrams. Harvard Business Review.
• Shell, G. R. (2006). Bargaining for advantage: Negotiation strategies for reasoned negotiations. Penguin.
• Fisher, R., & Ury, W. (1981). Getting to Yes.
• McQuarrie, E. F., & Phillips, B. J. (2008). The negotiation process: A review and research agenda. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 23(2), 123-134.
• Carnevale, P. J., & Pruitt, D. G. (1992). Negotiation in social conflict. Open University Press.