Race And Ethnic Stratification: Answer The Questions Below ✓ Solved

Race And Ethnic Stratification answer The Questions Below

1. __________ refers to actions or practices of dominant-group members (or their representatives) that have a harmful impact on members of a subordinate group. Select only one. Prejudice Racism Stereotyping Discrimination

2. Prejudice may be either positive or negative toward a particular group. Select only one. True False

3. Discriminatory acts are always accompanied by prejudiced attitudes. Select only one. True False

4. Sociologists emphasize that race____________________________. Select only one. is a socially constructed reality is important biologically is established genetically not socially has no importance within society

5. Racism tends to intensify during periods of economic uncertainty. Select only one. True False

Read the following scenario and answer the questions below: Ebony is a caseworker at a community healthcare clinic. She is dedicated to serving her clients and loves coming into work every day. This week, Ebony was assigned a young homeless man who she has met briefly on several occasions at the clinic and who is in need of referral services. Ebony decided to accept a different patient rather than the homeless man because she feels uncomfortable when he is near her.

6. Based on the scenario above, what is the relationship between being prejudiced against the homeless man and stereotyping him?

7. Based on the scenario above, in what ways may Ebony have discriminated against the homeless man?

8. Based on the scenario above, what could Ebony have done to reduce any possible stereotyping, discrimination and/or prejudice?

9. Reflect again on the above scenario. Is this an example of individual OR institutional discrimination? Explain your answer.

Gender Stratification Answer the questions below.

10. __________ refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males. Select only one. Sex Primary distinction Gender Secondary distinction

11. Gender refers to the socially constructed differences between males and females. Select only one. True False

12. At birth, male and female infants are distinguished by __________, the genitalia used in the reproductive process. Select only one. tertiary sex characteristics primary sex characteristics cultural tendencies secondary sex characteristics

13. The term __________ refers to the process of treating people as if they were things, not human beings. Typically, this occurs when we judge people on the basis of their physical appearance rather than on the basis of their individual qualities or actions. Select only one. objectification reification mechanization rationalization

14. What is the difference between sex and gender?

15. Define the term: sexism

16. Women’s increased participation in paid employment has resulted in radical changes in the division of household labor. Select only one. True False

17. In your opinion, have gender roles changed or stayed the same since the 1950s? Explain.

Reflection Reflect on what you have learned this week to help you respond to the question below. You may choose to respond in writing or by recording a video!

18. Watch this video featuring Verna Myers, a lawyer and diversity advocate. In the video, Verna says, “Biases are the stories we make up about people before we know who they actually are.” After watching the video, what does she mean by “automatic association? How can you change your automatic associations to ensure that you provide proper healthcare to your patients/clients regardless of race, socio-economic status or gender?

Paper For Above Instructions

Race and ethnic stratification are crucial concepts in understanding social interactions and systems of power in any society. These constructs impact the ways individuals experience life based on their racial and ethnic backgrounds. To explore these themes, this paper will address questions pertaining to prejudice, discrimination, sex and gender roles, and their implications in society.

1. The term that refers to actions or practices of dominant-group members that have a harmful impact on members of a subordinate group is “Discrimination.” Discrimination is distinct from prejudice and stereotyping, as it involves taking action based on those attitudes and beliefs. Prejudice refers to preconceived opinions or feelings towards an individual or group, while stereotyping involves oversimplified beliefs about entire groups. Discrimination manifests itself in various forms including economic, social, and institutional behaviors that disadvantage certain groups (Harrison, 2019).

2. Regarding the statement on prejudice being positive or negative, it is indeed “True.” Prejudice can be both favorable and unfavorable, as individuals may harbor biases that lead to preferential treatment or discrimination based on systemic stereotypes. This relationship highlights the complexity of social dynamics in regards to race and ethnicity, and the necessity for nuanced understandings of these terms in sociological discourse (Hirschfeld, 2020).

3. The assertion that discriminatory acts are always accompanied by prejudiced attitudes is “False.” While there is often a correlation between prejudice and discrimination, individuals may engage in discriminatory practices without necessarily bearing prejudiced attitudes. This can occur when societal norms dictate certain behaviors that lead to discrimination; thus, it is vital to differentiate between personal beliefs and broader societal practices (Fredrickson, 2015).

4. Sociologists emphasize that race is a socially constructed reality. Race lacks a definitive biological foundation and is instead shaped through social and historical contexts. This perspective allows sociologists to analyze how race operates within societal frameworks rather than assuming inherent biological significance (Omi & Winant, 2015).

5. It is often true that racism intensifies during periods of economic uncertainty. When economic stability wavers, people may revert to blaming minority groups for societal problems, increasing prejudice and discrimination against these groups (Blumer, 2014).

6. In the scenario provided, Ebony’s prejudiced feelings towards the homeless man relate to her prior beliefs or stereotypes about homelessness. These beliefs led her to generalize her discomfort without considering the individual context of the man’s circumstances, which signifies an example of stereotyping (Link & Phelan, 2014).

7. Ebony may have discriminated against the homeless man by deciding to accept another patient without giving him a chance for treatment. This action was based on her discomfort, which reflects a discriminatory practice against someone solely based on their condition rather than their individual needs (Dovidio et al., 2017).

8. To reduce possible stereotyping, discrimination, or prejudice, Ebony could have engaged in reflective practice by examining her biases, learned about the social issues around homelessness, and provided equitable care to all patients. Training in cultural competency could have also equipped her with the skills to interact with diverse populations effectively (Betancourt et al., 2005).

9. The discrimination exhibited by Ebony represents individual discrimination rather than institutional discrimination, as her decision was personal and not directed by any systemic policy. Individual discrimination reflects personal biases and choices, while institutional discrimination occurs through established policies and practices that disadvantage specific groups (Pager & Shepherd, 2008).

Turning to gender stratification, the biological differences between females and males are referred to as “Sex.” This distinction is fundamentally different from gender, which pertains to socially constructed roles and behaviors (Conell, 2005).

10. Gender, in contrast to sex, is the socially constructed differences between males and females. These differences can shape expectations and roles imposed on individuals, often leading to inequitable treatment based on gender identities (Ridgeway & Correll, 2004).

11. At birth, males and females are distinguished by primary sex characteristics, which are the physical attributes associated with being male or female (Kessler, 1990).

12. Objectification refers to treating individuals as mere objects based on their physical appearance rather than their humanity; this concept is crucial in discussions of sexism where women, in particular, may be objectified (Bartky, 1990).

13. The difference between sex and gender is fundamentally that sex is biological and fixed, whereas gender is dynamic, socially constructed, and can change over time (Butler, 1990).

14. Sexism denotes discrimination or prejudice based on a person’s sex or gender, often resulting in social, economic, and political inequalities (Tong, 2009).

15. Women’s increased participation in paid employment has in many contexts proven “True”—it has led to changes in household labor dynamics, challenging traditional gender roles (Bianchi et al., 2000).

16. Since the 1950s, gender roles have changed significantly, although remnants of traditional roles remain. Social perceptions of gender and the opportunities available to women, especially in the workforce, have evolved considerably (Goldin, 2006).

In reflection, Verna Myers’ concept of “automatic association” reveals how biases can lead to immediate, often unconscious judgments about individuals based on their categorized identities. To ensure equitable healthcare delivery regardless of a patient’s background, becoming consciously aware of these biases through training and intentional practice can prompt systemic changes ensuring more compassionate and comprehensive care (Kaiser et al., 2013).

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