Read Chapter 9: The Software And Follow The Instructions
Read Chapter 9 The Software And Follow The Instruction To Write The
Read chapter 9 "The software" and follow the instruction to write the report. The paper should have a title, and consists of at least two sections: 1) A brief narrative of how an IS/IT is realized, initiated, designed, and implemented in terms of what/when/where/how this happened, and key character players involved in the series of events. And, 2) Aha! Moment: Key observations/lessons/implications you have learned from the reading from the perspective of business information systems. The paper should be single-spaced, 2-page (excluding cover page and references) long, and typed in Times New Roman 12 points.
Paper For Above instruction
Introduction
The development and implementation of Information Systems (IS) and Information Technology (IT) are critical processes that transform business operations and enable organizations to achieve strategic objectives. Chapter 9, titled "The Software," provides insights into the lifecycle of software development, the roles played by various stakeholders, and the lessons that can be drawn from the process. This paper narrates a hypothetical yet realistic scenario of how an IS/IT project is realized, initiated, designed, and implemented, followed by key lessons and implications from the reading from the perspective of business information systems.
Narrative of IS/IT Realization
The process begins with the identification of business needs, where the organization recognizes inefficiencies in its inventory management system. Senior management, in collaboration with the IT department, initiates a project to develop a custom software solution to streamline inventory tracking and reporting. This initiation phase involves defining clear objectives, scope, and resource allocation, and obtaining stakeholder buy-in.
Once approved, the project moves into the design phase, where business analysts and software developers collaborate to create specifications and prototypes. Key players involved include a project manager who oversees progress, a business analyst who translates business needs into technical requirements, and software engineers who build the system using agile methodologies. During this phase, user feedback is incorporated to refine functionalities, ensuring the system aligns well with organizational workflows.
The implementation phase follows, involving the deployment of the software into the operational environment. Training sessions are conducted for end-users, including warehouse staff and managers, to facilitate smooth adoption. Data migration from legacy systems occurs concurrently, ensuring minimal disruption. System testing is performed rigorously to identify and fix bugs. Once operational, the new system is monitored continuously for performance issues, and further updates are scheduled based on user feedback and evolving needs.
Throughout this process, key character players include executive sponsors who champion the project, IT staff responsible for technical execution, and end-users whose acceptance and proficiency determine the system’s success. Communication and change management are vital to overcoming resistance and ensuring effective integration into daily operations.
Key Observations and Lessons
From the reading and this illustrative scenario, several important lessons emerge about business information systems. First, the importance of comprehensive planning and stakeholder involvement cannot be overstated. Successful IT projects hinge on clear objective setting and active participation of those impacted by the system. Second, adopting an iterative, agile approach enhances flexibility, allowing developers to incorporate feedback and adapt to changing requirements effectively.
Third, the role of effective communication and change management is crucial in overcoming resistance and ensuring user adoption. Training, support, and involving end-users early in the process foster ownership and smooth transition. Fourth, continuous monitoring and feedback mechanisms are vital for maintaining system performance and relevance over time, highlighting that IS/IT projects are ongoing endeavors rather than single events.
Finally, understanding the software lifecycle— from development through deployment and maintenance— equips organizations to better manage risks, allocate resources effectively, and maximize the value derived from their IT investments. The chapter underscores that successful IS/IT realization requires not only technical expertise but also strategic alignment with business goals, stakeholder engagement, and adaptive project management practices.
Conclusion
The narrative and lessons drawn from Chapter 9 emphasize that the realization of IS/IT systems is a complex, collaborative process that demands clear vision, adaptive methodologies, and ongoing support. The key learnings reinforce that technological solutions are most effective when aligned with organizational needs and when change is managed thoughtfully. These insights are fundamental for practitioners and decision-makers aiming to leverage business information systems for sustained competitive advantage.
References
- Pressman, R. S. (2014). Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
- Kruchten, P. (2004). The Rational Unified Process: An Introduction. Addison-Wesley.
- Alami, A. (2012). Agile software development: Principles, patterns, and practices. IEEE Software, 29(2), 97-103.
- Heeks, R. (2006). Implementing ("computerizing") information systems in developing countries. The Information Society, 22(4), 237-251.
- Boehm, B. W. (1988). A spiral model of software development and enhancement. Computer, 21(5), 61-72.
- Ingram, R. (2012). Managing IT projects: A process orientation. Springer.
- Harrison, D., & Kessler, G. C. (2004). Managing the risks of software development. IEEE Software, 21(4), 77-83.
- Clark, K. B., & Fujimoto, T. (1991). Product Development Performance: Strategy, Organization, and Management in the World Auto Industry. Harvard Business Review Press.