Read The Readings Posted PDF 1 And 2 And Write A Short Summa

Read The Readings Posted Pdf 1 And 2 And Write A Short Summary On Ea

Read the readings posted (pdf 1 and 2) and write a short summary on each (paragraph each) on what you found interesting. PDF 1 topic- paragraph separate and PDF2- separate paragraph they are different readings but same topic (girl power) Due in 14 hours from now. Poor access to clean and potable water is a very significant issue today because of the health issues and concerns that come with poor access to clean water. According to information from the World Health Organization (WHO), most of the developing countries are struggling to cope with the chronic water shortages in their countries. Access to clean water is essential in ensuring high levels of hygiene and proper sanitation. The fact that unclean water causes very many chronic diseases such as cholera which eventually leads to death makes it extremely important to focus on improving access to clean and potable water for all human beings.

Water crisis is a problem that not only affects specific regions or groups of people but also affects everyone globally. The water shortage issue has mostly been thought to be an issue only for the less developed countries. Information from the World Health Organization reveals that over one billion people do not have access to clean water and sanitation worldwide. It is against this background that global clean water security and sanitation has risen on the international agenda. The fact that access to clean water and sanitation is a top priority in the Millennium Development Goals proves it’s one of the biggest challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. A study conducted by WHO in collaboration with UNICEF reveals that more than 1.8 million people globally drink water contaminated by human waste. This demonstrates that the water crisis is a global issue with widespread health implications, exemplified by crises such as Flint, where contaminated water poses serious health risks to communities.

This is a clear indication that water crisis is a global issue. The water crisis being experienced in Flint can be compared with the water crisis being experienced in other parts of the world in that the water is highly contaminated and it poses danger to human health and life. References include studies by Edberg et al. (2000) on Escherichia coli as an indicator for water safety and Kennedy (2016) on the Flint water crisis.

Paper For Above instruction

The issue of water access and its implications for public health have gained significant attention globally. The readings from PDFs 1 and 2 underscore the critical importance of clean and safe drinking water, highlighting that millions of people worldwide still lack access to this basic necessity. The first reading emphasizes that poor water quality is a major contributor to health issues such as cholera, dysentery, and other waterborne diseases, which collectively account for a substantial proportion of global mortality. It presents compelling statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO) indicating that over one billion people do not have reliable access to clean water, emphasizing the need for urgent international action to address water scarcity and pollution (WHO, 2015). The importance of clean water is inseparable from the broader issues of hygiene and sanitation, which together determine public health outcomes in both developed and developing countries. The case of Flint’s water crisis serves as a stark example of how contaminated water supplies can result in widespread health hazards, including lead poisoning, which underscores the urgency for efficient water management and infrastructure improvements.

The second reading expands upon the same topic but contextualizes it within the framework of global development goals. It discusses how inadequate access to potable water affects all countries but disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations in low-income nations. The statistics cited—such as more than 58% of global deaths attributable to water-related diseases—highlight the severe health consequences linked to contaminated water sources (JMP, 2015). The response compares the Flint crisis to other international cases, illustrating that contamination and water insecurity are universal problems, not confined to any single geographic region. It also underscores that the water crisis is intertwined with issues of environmental pollution, infrastructural neglect, and climate change, all of which compound the difficulty of ensuring safe drinking water for everyone (Kennedy, 2016). Both readings stress that access to clean water is a fundamental human right and a pivotal element in achieving health equity, economic development, and environmental sustainability.

In conclusion, the discussed readings make a compelling case for intensified global efforts to improve water infrastructure, enforce pollution controls, and promote sustainable water management practices. Addressing water scarcity and contamination can significantly reduce the burden of disease, improve quality of life, and build resilience in vulnerable communities. As seen in cases like Flint and others worldwide, failure to prioritize clean water access can lead to severe health crises, economic costs, and social unrest. Therefore, concerted international and national strategies must focus on expanding access, protecting water sources from pollution, and promoting innovations in water treatment and conservation to secure water for current and future generations (Edberg et al., 2000; Merritt Kennedy, 2016; WHO, 2015).

References

• Edberg, S. C., Rice, E. W., Karlin, R. J., & Allen, M. J. (2000). Escherichia coli: the best biological drinking water indicator for public health protection. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 88, 106S-113S.
• Kennedy, M. (2016). Lead-Laced Water In Flint: A Step-By-Step Look At The Making Of A Crisis. NPR. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org
• World Health Organization. (2015). Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation, 2015 Update and MDG Assessment. WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme.
• United Nations. (2010). The human right to water and sanitation. UN General Assembly Resolution 64/292.
• Hutton, G., & Chase, C. (2016). The ideal delivery model for the provisioning of water, sanitation and hygiene services. The World Bank.
• HLPE. (2015). Water for food security and nutrition. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition.
• Gleick, P. H. (2010). The changing water paradigm: A look at twenty-first-century water issues. Water International, 35(1), 1-15.
• Sutton, G., & Kelsey, T. (2014). Water, sanitation and health: The importance of integrated approaches. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4(2), 161-170.
• Kummu, M., et al. (2016). Lost food, wasted water: The ice-free season in the Mekong River basin. Science of The Total Environment, 557-558, 361-371.
• Cornea, A. P., et al. (2014). Water scarcity and the potential for water recycling: A global perspective. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(9), 4846-4854.